Percentiles for skeletal muscle index, area and radiation attenuation based on computed tomography imaging in a healthy Caucasian population - PubMed (original) (raw)

Multicenter Study

Percentiles for skeletal muscle index, area and radiation attenuation based on computed tomography imaging in a healthy Caucasian population

A van der Werf et al. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2018 Feb.

Abstract

Background/objectives: Muscle mass is a key determinant of nutritional status and associated with outcomes in several patient groups. Computed tomography (CT) analysis is increasingly used to assess skeletal muscle area (SMA), skeletal muscle index (SMI) and muscle radiation attenuation (MRA). However, interpretation of these muscle parameters is difficult since values in a healthy population are lacking. The aim of this study was to provide sex specific percentiles for SMA, SMA and MRA in a healthy Caucasian population and to examine the association with age and BMI in order to define age- and BMI specific percentiles.

Subjects/methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study CT scans of potential kidney donors were used to assess SMA, SMI and MRA at the level of the third lumbar vertebra. Sex specific distributions were described and, based on the association between age/BMI and muscle parameters, age, and BMI specific predicted percentiles were computed. The 5th percentile was considered as cut-off.

Results: CT scans of 420 Individuals were included (age range 20-82 years and BMI range 17.5-40.7 kg/m2). Sex specific cut-offs of SMA, SMI and MRA were 134.0 cm2, 41.6 cm2/m2 and 29.3 HU in men and 89.2 cm2, 32.0 cm2/m2 and 22.0 HU in women, respectively. Correlations were negative between age and all three muscle parameters, positive between BMI and SMA/SMI and negative between BMI and MRA, resulting in age- and BMI specific percentiles.

Conclusions: This study provides sex specific percentiles for SMA, SMI, and MRA. In addition, age- and BMI specific percentiles have been established.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1

Fig. 1. Example of a CT slice at the level of the third lumbar vertebra on which muscle was analyzed

Of the selected muscle, both area and mean radiation attenuation can be computed, to determine skeletal muscle area (SMA) and the muscle radiation attenuation (MRA), respectively

Fig. 2

Fig. 2

Study flowchart showing the selection of eligible individuals with a CT scan eligible for muscle analysis

Fig. 3

Fig. 3

Association between age and SMI (upper scatter plots) and between BMI and SMI (lower scatter plots). All associations were significant (p<0.001). SMI skeletal muscle index, BMI body mass index

References

    1. Cederholm T, Bosaeus I, Barazzoni R, Bauer J, Van GA, Klek S, et al. Diagnostic criteria for malnutrition - An ESPEN Consensus Statement. Clin Nutr. 2015;34:335–40. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.03.001. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, Boirie Y, Cederholm T, Landi F, et al. Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Ageing. 2010;39:412–23. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afq034. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Evans WJ, Morley JE, Argiles J, Bales C, Baracos V, Guttridge D, et al. Cachexia: a new definition. Clin Nutr. 2008;27:793–9. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2008.06.013. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Barlett HL, Puhl SM, Hodgson JL, Buskirk ER. Fat-free mass in relation to stature: ratios of fat-free mass to height in children, adults, and elderly subjects. Am J Clin Nutr. 1991;53:1112–6. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/53.5.1112. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Di Sebastiano KM, Mourtzakis M. A critical evaluation of body composition modalities used to assess adipose and skeletal muscle tissue in cancer. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2012;37:811–21. doi: 10.1139/h2012-079. - DOI - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources