Patient-perceived barriers and facilitators to the implementation of a medication review in primary care: a qualitative thematic analysis - PubMed (original) (raw)
Patient-perceived barriers and facilitators to the implementation of a medication review in primary care: a qualitative thematic analysis
Mirella Carolin Uhl et al. BMC Fam Pract. 2018.
Abstract
Background: Although polypharmacy can cause adverse health outcomes, patients often know little about their medication. A regularly conducted medication review (MR) can help provide an overview of a patient's medication, and benefit patients by enhancing their knowledge of their drugs. As little is known about patient attitudes towards MRs in primary care, the objective of this study was to gain insight into patient-perceived barriers and facilitators to the implementation of an MR.
Methods: We conducted a qualitative study with a convenience sample of 31 patients (age ≥ 60 years, ≥3 chronic diseases, taking ≥5 drugs/d); in Hesse, Germany, in February 2016. We conducted two focus groups and, in order to ensure the participation of elderly patients with reduced mobility, 16 telephone interviews. Both relied on a semi-structured interview guide dealing with the following subjects: patients' experience of polypharmacy, general design of MRs, potential barriers and facilitators to implementation etc. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed by two researchers using thematic analysis.
Results: Patients' average age was 74 years (range 62-88 years). We identified barriers and facilitators for four main topics regarding the implementation of MRs in primary care: patient participation, GP-led MRs, pharmacist-led MRs, and the involvement of healthcare assistants in MRs. Barriers to patient participation concerned patient autonomy, while facilitators involved patient awareness of medication-related problems. Barriers to GP-led MRs concerned GP's lack of resources while facilitators related to the trusting relationship between patient and GP. Pharmacist-led MRs might be hindered by a lack of patients' confidence in pharmacists' expertise, but facilitated by pharmacies' digital records of the patients' medications. Regarding the involvement of healthcare assistants in MRs, a potential barrier was patients' uncertainty regarding the extent of their training. Patients could, however, imagine GPs delegating some aspects of MRs to them.
Conclusions: Our study suggests that patients regard MRs as beneficial and expect indications for their medicines to be checked, and possible interactions to be identified. To foster the implementation of MRs in primary care, it is important to consider barriers and facilitators to the four identified topics.
Keywords: Multimorbidity; Multiple chronic conditions; Patients; Polypharmacy; Primary health care.
Conflict of interest statement
Ethics approval and consent to participate
The Institutional Review Board of the University Hospital Frankfurt/Main approved the study protocol in January, 2016 (No 443/15). Participants received written information, and provided written consent to participate in the study.
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
Competing interests
CM and BSM received grants from the German Statutory Health Insurance Company “Techniker Krankenkasse (TK)” for the study. However, the “TK” had no involvement in study design; collection, analysis and interpretation of data; writing of the study report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication. The other authors declare no conflict of interest.
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Similar articles
- Implementation of targeted medication adherence interventions within a community chain pharmacy practice: The Pennsylvania Project.
Bacci JL, McGrath SH, Pringle JL, Maguire MA, McGivney MS. Bacci JL, et al. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2014 Nov-Dec;54(6):584-93. doi: 10.1331/JAPhA.2014.14034. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2014. PMID: 25379980 - Health professional perspectives on the management of multimorbidity and polypharmacy for older patients in Australia.
Mc Namara KP, Breken BD, Alzubaidi HT, Bell JS, Dunbar JA, Walker C, Hernan A. Mc Namara KP, et al. Age Ageing. 2017 Mar 1;46(2):291-299. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afw200. Age Ageing. 2017. PMID: 27836856 - A mixed methods analysis of community pharmacists' perspectives on delivering COPD screening service to guide future implementation.
Fathima M, Saini B, Foster JM, Armour CL. Fathima M, et al. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2019 Jun;15(6):662-672. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2018.08.007. Epub 2018 Aug 14. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2019. PMID: 30131254 - New roles for pharmacists in community mental health care: a narrative review.
Rubio-Valera M, Chen TF, O'Reilly CL. Rubio-Valera M, et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Oct 21;11(10):10967-90. doi: 10.3390/ijerph111010967. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014. PMID: 25337943 Free PMC article. Review. - Factors influencing patient participation in medication counseling at the community pharmacy: A systematic review.
Qudah B, Thakur T, Chewning B. Qudah B, et al. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2021 Nov;17(11):1863-1876. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2021.03.005. Epub 2021 Mar 16. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2021. PMID: 33766505 Review.
Cited by
- A survey on the implementation of clinical medication reviews in community pharmacies within a multidisciplinary setting.
Hogervorst S, Adriaanse MC, Vervloet M, Teichert M, Beckeringh JJ, van Dijk L, Hugtenburg JG. Hogervorst S, et al. BMC Health Serv Res. 2024 May 3;24(1):575. doi: 10.1186/s12913-024-11013-z. BMC Health Serv Res. 2024. PMID: 38702640 Free PMC article. - Patient perceptions and experiences of medication review: qualitative study in general practice.
McCahon D, Duncan P, Payne R, Horwood J. McCahon D, et al. BMC Prim Care. 2022 Nov 22;23(1):293. doi: 10.1186/s12875-022-01903-8. BMC Prim Care. 2022. PMID: 36418986 Free PMC article. - Pharmacist-led medication reconciliation service for patients after discharge from tertiary hospitals to primary care in Singapore: a qualitative study.
Griva K, Chua ZY, Lai LY, Xu SJ, Bek ESJ, Lee ES. Griva K, et al. BMC Health Serv Res. 2024 Mar 20;24(1):357. doi: 10.1186/s12913-024-10830-6. BMC Health Serv Res. 2024. PMID: 38509565 Free PMC article. - Evaluation of General Practice Pharmacists: Study Protocol to Assess Interprofessional Collaboration and Team Effectiveness.
Sudeshika T, Naunton M, Peterson GM, Deeks LS, Thomas J, Kosari S. Sudeshika T, et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 22;18(3):966. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18030966. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021. PMID: 33499259 Free PMC article. - Defining, identifying and addressing problematic polypharmacy within multimorbidity in primary care: a scoping review.
Tsang JY, Sperrin M, Blakeman T, Payne RA, Ashcroft D. Tsang JY, et al. BMJ Open. 2024 May 24;14(5):e081698. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081698. BMJ Open. 2024. PMID: 38803265 Free PMC article.
References
- van Den Akker M, Buntinx F, Knottnerus JA. Comorbidity or multimorbidity: what's in a name? A review of literature. Eur J Gen Pract. 2009;2:65–70. doi: 10.3109/13814789609162146. - DOI
- Pötzsch O, Rößger F. Bevölkerung Deutschlands bis 2060–13. koordinierte Bevölkerungsvorausberechnung. 2015. https://www.destatis.de/DE/PresseService/Presse/Pressekonferenzen/2015/b.... Accessed 24 Mar 2016.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Research Materials