Supplemental Retinal Carotenoids Enhance Memory in Healthy Individuals with Low Levels of Macular Pigment in A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial - PubMed (original) (raw)
Randomized Controlled Trial
doi: 10.3233/JAD-170713.
Affiliations
- PMID: 29332050
- DOI: 10.3233/JAD-170713
Randomized Controlled Trial
Supplemental Retinal Carotenoids Enhance Memory in Healthy Individuals with Low Levels of Macular Pigment in A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Rebecca Power et al. J Alzheimers Dis. 2018.
Abstract
Background: There is a biologically plausible rationale whereby the dietary carotenoids lutein (L), zeaxanthin (Z), and meso-zeaxanthin (MZ), which are collectively referred to as macular pigment (MP) in the central retina (macula), support the maintenance of cognition via their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Objective: To investigate the impact of supplemental L, Z, and MZ on memory, executive function, and verbal fluency among healthy individuals with low MP levels.
Methods: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial, subjects (n = 91; mean±SD age = 45.42±12.40; % male = 51.6) consumed a daily formulation of 10 mg L, 10 mg MZ, and 2 mg Z (n = 45) or placebo (n = 46) for 12 months. Cognitive domains assessed included verbal and visual learning, immediate and delayed memory, executive function, and verbal fluency. MP and serum carotenoid concentrations of L, Z, and MZ were also measured.
Results: Following 12-month supplementation, individuals in the active group exhibited statistically significant improvements in memory when compared to the placebo group (paired associated learning [PAL] memory score [rANOVA, p = 0.009]; PAL errors [rANOVA, p = 0.017]). Furthermore, the observed reduction in the number of errors made in the PAL task among those in the intervention group was positively and significantly related to observed increases in MP volume (p = 0.005) and observed increases in serum concentrations of L (p = 0.009).
Conclusion: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial demonstrates a memory-enhancing effect of daily supplementation with L, Z, and MZ in healthy subjects with low MP at baseline. The implications of these findings for intellectual performance throughout life, and for risk of cognitive decline in later life, warrant further study.
Keywords: Brain; CANTAB; carotenoids; cognitive function; episodic memory; lutein; macular pigment; meso-zeaxanthin; paired associated learning; zeaxanthin.
Similar articles
- Serum and retinal responses to three different doses of macular carotenoids over 12 weeks of supplementation.
Stringham JM, Stringham NT. Stringham JM, et al. Exp Eye Res. 2016 Oct;151:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.07.005. Epub 2016 Jul 15. Exp Eye Res. 2016. PMID: 27426932 Clinical Trial. - The impact of supplemental macular carotenoids in Alzheimer's disease: a randomized clinical trial.
Nolan JM, Loskutova E, Howard A, Mulcahy R, Moran R, Stack J, Bolger M, Coen RF, Dennison J, Akuffo KO, Owens N, Power R, Thurnham D, Beatty S. Nolan JM, et al. J Alzheimers Dis. 2015;44(4):1157-69. doi: 10.3233/JAD-142265. J Alzheimers Dis. 2015. PMID: 25408222 Clinical Trial. - Effects of macular xanthophyll supplementation on brain-derived neurotrophic factor, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and cognitive performance.
Stringham NT, Holmes PV, Stringham JM. Stringham NT, et al. Physiol Behav. 2019 Nov 1;211:112650. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112650. Epub 2019 Aug 16. Physiol Behav. 2019. PMID: 31425700 Clinical Trial. - Can Diet Supplements of Macular Pigment of Lutein, Zeaxanthin, and Meso-zeaxanthin Affect Cognition?
Wang H, Wang G, Billings R, Li D, Haase SR, Wheeler PF, Vance DE, Li W. Wang H, et al. J Alzheimers Dis. 2022;87(3):1079-1087. doi: 10.3233/JAD-215736. J Alzheimers Dis. 2022. PMID: 35431251 Review. - A review of the evidence germane to the putative protective role of the macular carotenoids for age-related macular degeneration.
Sabour-Pickett S, Nolan JM, Loughman J, Beatty S. Sabour-Pickett S, et al. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2012 Feb;56(2):270-86. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201100219. Epub 2011 Nov 25. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2012. PMID: 22121091 Review.
Cited by
- Higher intake of certain nutrients among older adults is associated with better cognitive function: an analysis of NHANES 2011-2014.
Devarshi PP, Gustafson K, Grant RW, Mitmesser SH. Devarshi PP, et al. BMC Nutr. 2023 Dec 5;9(1):142. doi: 10.1186/s40795-023-00802-0. BMC Nutr. 2023. PMID: 38053133 Free PMC article. - Aging and antioxidants: the impact of dietary carotenoid intakes on soluble klotho levels in aged adults.
He X, Yin X, Chen X, Chen X. He X, et al. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Oct 26;14:1283722. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1283722. eCollection 2023. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023. PMID: 37955004 Free PMC article. - Protective effect of hot peppers against amyloid β peptide and brain injury in AlCl3-induced Alzheimer's disease in rats.
Abdel-Salam OME, El-Sayed El-Shamarka M, Youness ER, Shaffie N. Abdel-Salam OME, et al. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2023 Mar;26(3):335-342. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.67871.14845. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2023. PMID: 36865040 Free PMC article. - Non-Enzymatic Antioxidants against Alzheimer's Disease: Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy.
Varesi A, Campagnoli LIM, Carrara A, Pola I, Floris E, Ricevuti G, Chirumbolo S, Pascale A. Varesi A, et al. Antioxidants (Basel). 2023 Jan 12;12(1):180. doi: 10.3390/antiox12010180. Antioxidants (Basel). 2023. PMID: 36671042 Free PMC article. Review. - Carotenoids improve the development of cerebral cortical networks in formula-fed infant macaques.
Miranda-Dominguez O, Ramirez JSB, Mitchell AJ, Perrone A, Earl E, Carpenter S, Feczko E, Graham A, Jeon S, Cohen NJ, Renner L, Neuringer M, Kuchan MJ, Erdman JW Jr, Fair D. Miranda-Dominguez O, et al. Sci Rep. 2022 Sep 8;12(1):15220. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-19279-1. Sci Rep. 2022. PMID: 36076053 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical