Genetic Diversity and Distribution of Blastocystis Subtype 3 in Human Populations, with Special Reference to a Rural Population in Central Mexico - PubMed (original) (raw)

. 2018 Mar 18:2018:3916263.

doi: 10.1155/2018/3916263. eCollection 2018.

Patricia Morán 1, Angélica Serrano-Vázquez 1, Leonardo D Fernández 3, Horacio Pérez-Juárez 1 2, Augusto C Poot-Hernández 4, Tobías Portillo 5, Enrique González 1, Eric Hernández 1, Oswaldo Partida-Rodríguez 1, Miriam E Nieves-Ramírez 1, Ulises Magaña 1 2, Javier Torres 6, Luis E Eguiarte 7, Daniel Piñero 7, Cecilia Ximénez 1

Affiliations

Genetic Diversity and Distribution of Blastocystis Subtype 3 in Human Populations, with Special Reference to a Rural Population in Central Mexico

Liliana Rojas-Velázquez et al. Biomed Res Int. 2018.

Abstract

Blastocystis subtype 3 (ST3) is a parasitic protist found in the digestive tract of symptomatic and asymptomatic humans around the world. While this parasite exhibits a high prevalence in the human population, its true geographic distribution and global genetic diversity are still unknown. This gap in knowledge limits the understanding of the spread mechanisms, epidemiology, and impact that this parasite has on human populations. Herein, we provided new data on the geographical distribution and genetic diversity of Blastocystis ST3 from a rural human population in Mexico. To do so, we collected and targeted the SSU-rDNA region in fecal samples from this population and further compared its genetic diversity and structure with that previously observed in populations of Blastocystis ST3 from other regions of the planet. Our analyses reveled that diversity of Blastocystis ST3 showed a high haplotype diversity and genetic structure to the world level; however, they were low in the Morelos population. The haplotype network revealed a common widespread haplotype from which the others were generated recently. Finally, our results suggested a recent expansion of the diversity of Blastocystis ST3 worldwide.

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Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1

Frequency of intestinal parasites based on microscopic analysis of the fecal samples taken in Morelos, Mexico. Blastocystis was the only parasitic infection found in 67% of individuals and in 7% in coinfection with other parasites. Bsp: Blastocystis; OP: parasites other than Blastocystis; BSP + OP: coinfection of Blastocystis and other parasites; Negative: no parasite found. Among OP: Chm, Chilomastix mesnili; Ec, Entamoeba coli; En, Endolimax nana; Hn, Hymenolepis nana; Gl, Giardia lamblia; Ib, Iodamoeba bütschlii.

Figure 2

Figure 2

Frequency of Blastocystis subtypes in the study population. Targeting the SSU-rDNA according to DNA-barcoding, Three Blastocystis subtypes (ST) were recorded according to the following frequencies: Blastocystis ST1, 9.7% (n = 7 samples); ST2, 15.3% (n = 11 samples); and ST3, 75% (n = 54 samples).

Figure 3

Figure 3

Haplotype network of Blastocystis ST3 of human populations at different regions from Latin America, Europe, and Asia. Each circle represents a haplotype, and each color represents the place where it was obtained. The size of each circle is proportional to the frequency of the haplotype in each population, where it was found. The circles in black stand for missing haplotypes and the short lines show the mutational steps.

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