Ketogenic Diets for Adult Neurological Disorders - PubMed (original) (raw)

Review

Ketogenic Diets for Adult Neurological Disorders

Tanya J W McDonald et al. Neurotherapeutics. 2018 Oct.

Abstract

The current review highlights the evidence supporting the use of ketogenic diet therapies in the management of a growing number of neurological disorders in adults. An overview of the scientific literature supporting posited mechanisms of therapeutic efficacy is presented including effects on neurotransmission, oxidative stress, and neuro-inflammation. The clinical evidence supporting ketogenic diet use in the management of adult epilepsy, malignant glioma, Alzheimer's disease, migraine headache, motor neuron disease, and other neurologic disorders is highlighted and reviewed. Lastly, common adverse effects of ketogenic therapy in adults, including gastrointestinal symptoms, weight loss, and transient dyslipidemia are discussed.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Modified Atkins diet; epilepsy; malignant glioma; migraine headache..

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Figures

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Ketogenic diets, ketones, medium-chain triglycerides, and ketogenic supplements. a Macronutrient composition of the classic (4:1 ratio) ketogenic diet and ketogenic diet variants compared to the traditional American diet. b Two-dimensional structures of the endogeneous ketone bodies (β-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, and acetone) produced by hepatic metabolism, examples of the saturated 10- and 6-carbon backbone medium-chain triglycerides found in oils and animal fats (capric and caproic acid), and specific ketogenic chemicals (trioctanoin, triheptanoin, and R-3-hydroxylbutyl R-3-hydroxybutyrate) used in preclinical and clinical studies of neurodegenerative disease

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