Analysis of intracellular small RNAs of mouse hepatitis virus: evidence for discontinuous transcription - PubMed (original) (raw)
Analysis of intracellular small RNAs of mouse hepatitis virus: evidence for discontinuous transcription
R S Baric et al. Virology. 1987 Feb.
Abstract
We have previously shown the presence of multiple small leader-containing RNA species in mouse hepatitis virus (MHV)-infected cells. In this paper, we have analyzed the origin, structure, and mechanism of synthesis of these small RNAs. Using cDNA probes specific for leader RNA and genes A, D, and F, we demonstrate that subsets of these small RNAs were derived from the various viral genes. These subsets have discrete and reproducible sizes, varying with the gene from which they are derived. The size of each subset correlates with regions of secondary structure, whose free energy ranges from -1.6 to -77.1 kcal/mol, in each of the mRNAs examined. In addition, identical subsets were detected on the replicative intermediate (RI) RNA, suggesting that they represent functional transcriptional intermediates. The biological significance of these small RNAs is further supported by the detection of leader-containing RNAs of 47, 50, and 57 nucleotides in length, which correspond to the crossover sites in two MHV recombinant viruses. These data, coupled with the high frequency of RNA recombination during MHV infection, suggest that the viral polymerase may pause in or around regions of secondary structure, thereby generating pools of free leader-containing RNA intermediates which can reassociate with the template, acting as primers for the synthesis of full-length or recombinant RNAs. These data suggest that MHV transcription uses a discontinuous and nonprocessive mechanism in which RNA polymerase allows the partial RNA products to be dissociated from the template temporarily during the process of transcription.
Similar articles
- Characterization of leader-related small RNAs in coronavirus-infected cells: further evidence for leader-primed mechanism of transcription.
Baric RS, Stohlman SA, Razavi MK, Lai MM. Baric RS, et al. Virus Res. 1985 Jul;3(1):19-33. doi: 10.1016/0168-1702(85)90038-3. Virus Res. 1985. PMID: 2992183 Free PMC article. - RNA recombination in a coronavirus: recombination between viral genomic RNA and transfected RNA fragments.
Liao CL, Lai MM. Liao CL, et al. J Virol. 1992 Oct;66(10):6117-24. doi: 10.1128/JVI.66.10.6117-6124.1992. J Virol. 1992. PMID: 1326662 Free PMC article. - Coronavirus leader RNA regulates and initiates subgenomic mRNA transcription both in trans and in cis.
Zhang X, Liao CL, Lai MM. Zhang X, et al. J Virol. 1994 Aug;68(8):4738-46. doi: 10.1128/JVI.68.8.4738-4746.1994. J Virol. 1994. PMID: 8035476 Free PMC article. - Coronavirus transcription: subgenomic mouse hepatitis virus replicative intermediates function in RNA synthesis.
Sawicki SG, Sawicki DL. Sawicki SG, et al. J Virol. 1990 Mar;64(3):1050-6. doi: 10.1128/JVI.64.3.1050-1056.1990. J Virol. 1990. PMID: 2154591 Free PMC article. - Coronavirus transcription: a perspective.
Sawicki SG, Sawicki DL. Sawicki SG, et al. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2005;287:31-55. doi: 10.1007/3-540-26765-4_2. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2005. PMID: 15609508 Free PMC article. Review.
Cited by
- Cellular dynamics shape recombination frequency in coronaviruses.
Bonavita CM, Wells HL, Anthony SJ. Bonavita CM, et al. PLoS Pathog. 2024 Sep 27;20(9):e1012596. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012596. eCollection 2024 Sep. PLoS Pathog. 2024. PMID: 39331680 Free PMC article. - The coronavirus recombination pathway.
Wells HL, Bonavita CM, Navarrete-Macias I, Vilchez B, Rasmussen AL, Anthony SJ. Wells HL, et al. Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Jun 14;31(6):874-889. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.05.003. Cell Host Microbe. 2023. PMID: 37321171 Free PMC article. Review. - MERS-CoV recombination: implications about the reservoir and potential for adaptation.
Dudas G, Rambaut A. Dudas G, et al. Virus Evol. 2016 Jan 20;2(1):vev023. doi: 10.1093/ve/vev023. eCollection 2016 Jan. Virus Evol. 2016. PMID: 27774293 Free PMC article. - Bat coronaviruses and experimental infection of bats, the Philippines.
Watanabe S, Masangkay JS, Nagata N, Morikawa S, Mizutani T, Fukushi S, Alviola P, Omatsu T, Ueda N, Iha K, Taniguchi S, Fujii H, Tsuda S, Endoh M, Kato K, Tohya Y, Kyuwa S, Yoshikawa Y, Akashi H. Watanabe S, et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010 Aug;16(8):1217-23. doi: 10.3201/eid1608.100208. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010. PMID: 20678314 Free PMC article. - Stem-loop III in the 5' untranslated region is a cis-acting element in bovine coronavirus defective interfering RNA replication.
Raman S, Bouma P, Williams GD, Brian DA. Raman S, et al. J Virol. 2003 Jun;77(12):6720-30. doi: 10.1128/jvi.77.12.6720-6730.2003. J Virol. 2003. PMID: 12767992 Free PMC article.
References
- Auron P.E., Weber L.D., Rich A. Comparison of transfer ribonucleic acid structures using cobra venom and S1 endonucleases. Biochemistry. 1982;21:4700–4706. - PubMed
- Brayton P.R., Ganges R.G., Stohlman S.A. Host cell nuclear function and murine hepatitis virus replication. J. Gen. Virol. 1981;56:457–460. - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources