Effect of a Lifestyle Intervention Program With Energy-Restricted Mediterranean Diet and Exercise on Weight Loss and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: One-Year Results of the PREDIMED-Plus Trial - PubMed (original) (raw)
Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2019 May;42(5):777-788.
doi: 10.2337/dc18-0836. Epub 2018 Nov 2.
Andrés Díaz-López 3 2, Miguel Ruiz-Canela 2 4, Josep Basora 3 2 5, Montse Fitó 2 6, Dolores Corella 2 7, Luís Serra-Majem 2 8, Julia Wärnberg 2 9, Dora Romaguera 2 10, Ramon Estruch 2 11, Josep Vidal 12 13 14, J Alfredo Martínez 2 15 16, Fernando Arós 2 17, Clotilde Vázquez 2 18, Emilio Ros 2 19, Jesús Vioque 20 21, José López-Miranda 2 22, Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas 21 23, Josep A Tur 2 24, Francisco J Tinahones 2 25, Vicente Martín 21 26 27, José Lapetra 2 28, Xavier Pintó 2 29, Lidia Daimiel 30, Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez 21 31, Pilar Matía 32, Enrique Gómez-Gracia 2 33, Javier Díez-Espino 2 4 34, Nancy Babio 3 2, Olga Castañer 2 6, José V Sorlí 2 7, Miquel Fiol 2 10, María Ángeles Zulet 2 15, Mònica Bulló 3 2, Albert Goday 2 6 35, Miguel Á Martínez-González 36 4 37; PREDIMED-Plus investigators
Collaborators, Affiliations
- PMID: 30389673
- DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0836
Free article
Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of a Lifestyle Intervention Program With Energy-Restricted Mediterranean Diet and Exercise on Weight Loss and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: One-Year Results of the PREDIMED-Plus Trial
Jordi Salas-Salvadó et al. Diabetes Care. 2019 May.
Free article
Abstract
Objective: The long-term impact of intentional weight loss on cardiovascular events remains unknown. We describe 12-month changes in body weight and cardiovascular risk factors in PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED)-Plus, a trial designed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of an intensive weight loss lifestyle intervention on primary cardiovascular prevention.
Research design and methods: Overweight/obese adults with metabolic syndrome aged 55-75 years (n = 626) were randomized to an intensive weight loss lifestyle intervention based on an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet, physical activity promotion, and behavioral support (IG) or a control group (CG). The primary and secondary outcomes were changes in weight and cardiovascular risk markers, respectively.
Results: Diet and physical activity changes were in the expected direction, with significant improvements in IG versus CG. After 12 months, IG participants lost an average of 3.2 kg vs. 0.7 kg in the CG (P < 0.001), a mean difference of -2.5 kg (95% CI -3.1 to -1.9). Weight loss ≥5% occurred in 33.7% of IG participants compared with 11.9% in the CG (P < 0.001). Compared with the CG, cardiovascular risk factors, including waist circumference, fasting glucose, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol, significantly improved in IG participants (P < 0.002). Reductions in insulin resistance, HbA1c, and circulating levels of leptin, interleukin-18, and MCP-1 were greater in IG than CG participants (P < 0.05). IG participants with prediabetes/diabetes significantly improved glycemic control and insulin sensitivity, along with triglycerides and HDL cholesterol levels compared with their CG counterparts.
Conclusions: PREDIMED-Plus intensive lifestyle intervention for 12 months was effective in decreasing adiposity and improving cardiovascular risk factors in overweight/obese older adults with metabolic syndrome, as well as in individuals with or at risk for diabetes.
© 2018 by the American Diabetes Association.