The Genome of the North American Brown Bear or Grizzly: Ursus arctos ssp. horribilis - PubMed (original) (raw)

doi: 10.3390/genes9120598.

Heather Kirk 2, Lauren Coombe 3, Shaun D Jackman 4, Justin Chu 5, Kane Tse 6, Dean Cheng 7, Eric Chuah 8, Pawan Pandoh 9, Rebecca Carlsen 10, Yongjun Zhao 11, Andrew J Mungall 12, Richard Moore 13, Inanc Birol 14 15, Maria Franke 16, Marco A Marra 17 18, Christopher Dutton 19, Steven J M Jones 20 21 22

Affiliations

The Genome of the North American Brown Bear or Grizzly: Ursus arctos ssp. horribilis

Gregory A Taylor et al. Genes (Basel). 2018.

Abstract

The grizzly bear (Ursus arctos ssp. horribilis) represents the largest population of brown bears in North America. Its genome was sequenced using a microfluidic partitioning library construction technique, and these data were supplemented with sequencing from a nanopore-based long read platform. The final assembly was 2.33 Gb with a scaffold N50 of 36.7 Mb, and the genome is of comparable size to that of its close relative the polar bear (2.30 Gb). An analysis using 4104 highly conserved mammalian genes indicated that 96.1% were found to be complete within the assembly. An automated annotation of the genome identified 19,848 protein coding genes. Our study shows that the combination of the two sequencing modalities that we used is sufficient for the construction of highly contiguous reference quality mammalian genomes. The assembled genome sequence and the supporting raw sequence reads are available from the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) under the bioproject identifier PRJNA493656, and the assembly described in this paper is version QXTK01000000.

Keywords: Ursus arctos ssp. Horribilis; genome; grizzly bear; microfluidic partitioning; nanopore.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1

Jupiter plot. A global genome alignment, using BWA-MEM, of the grizzly genome (left side of circle) to the polar bear genome (right side). Connections show the aligned regions of each assembly. The grizzly scaffolds are limited to those over 10 Mb in length (>85% of the assembly). The longest polar bear scaffolds were selected to sum to the same amount of sequence (2 Gb). Only alignments over 10 kb in length are displayed.

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