Advances in Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS): Part I: Pathogenesis and Diagnostics - PubMed (original) (raw)
Review
. 2018 Dec;32(4):243-250.
doi: 10.1055/a-0753-1884. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
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- PMID: 30537791
- DOI: 10.1055/a-0753-1884
Review
Advances in Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS): Part I: Pathogenesis and Diagnostics
Thilo Hotfiel et al. Sportverletz Sportschaden. 2018 Dec.
Abstract
Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is a type of ultrastructural muscle injury. The manifestation of DOMS is caused by eccentric or unfamiliar forms of exercise. Clinical signs include reduced force capacities, increased painful restriction of movement, stiffness, swelling, and dysfunction of adjacent joints. Although DOMS is considered a mild type of injury, it is one of the most common reasons for compromised sportive performance. In the past few decades, many hypotheses have been developed to explain the aetiology of DOMS. Although the exact pathophysiological pathway remains unknown, the primary mechanism is currently considered to be the ultrastructural damage of muscle cells due to unfamiliar sporting activities or eccentric exercise, which leads to further protein degradation, apoptosis and local inflammatory response. The development of clinical symptoms is typically delayed (peak soreness at 48 - 72 h post-exercise) as a result of complex sequences of local and systemic physiological responses. The following narrative review was conducted to present an overview of the current findings regarding the damaging mechanisms as well as the pathophysiology of DOMS and its diagnostic evaluation.
Die Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) oder auch „verzögert einsetzender Muskelkater" wird zu den ultrastrukturellen Muskelschädigungen gezählt. Ursächlich werden vorausgegangene exzentrische Kontraktionsformen oder ungewohnte Muskelbelastungen angesehen. Klinische Symptome imponieren in Form einer reduzierten Kraftentfaltung, schmerzhafter Bewegungseinschränkungen, einer Erhöhung des Muskeltonus, Schwellungen sowie Funktionseinschränkungen angrenzender Gelenke. Obwohl die DOMS den milden Schädigungsformen zugeordnet wird, hat sie aufgrund der leistungseinschränkenden Auswirkungen eine große Bedeutung – insbesondere für den Leistungssport. In den letzten Jahrzehnten sind viele Hypothesen zur Ursache und Pathophysiologie beschrieben worden. Auch, wenn der genaue pathophysiologische Signalweg bis heute nicht vollständig geklärt ist, gilt als primärer Schädigungsmechanismus eine mechanische, ultrastrukturelle Schädigung des Muskelparenchyms, die zu einer weiteren Proteindegradation, Autophagie und einer lokalen Entzündungsantwort führt. Klinische Symptome manifestieren sich typischerweise verzögert (Hauptmanifestation zwischen 24 und 72 h nach der Belastung), als Folge einer komplexen lokalen und systemischen Inflammationsphase. Die vorliegende Arbeit hat das Ziel, eine Übersicht über diese Schädigungsentität zu liefern und dabei Grundlagen der schädigenden Mechanismen, der Pathophysiologie und der Diagnostik aufzuzeigen.
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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