Combination of pentamidine and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in therapy of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in rats - PubMed (original) (raw)

Combination of pentamidine and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in therapy of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in rats

R M Kluge et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1978 Jun.

Abstract

Treatment with either pentamidine isethionate or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole significantly reduces the mortality of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. It is not known whether a combination might act in an additive, synergistic, or antagonistic manner. We studied the interaction of these two agents in the steroid-conditioned rat model of pneumocystosis. Of animals receiving pentamidine alone, 48% died and 45% had P. carinii cysts at autopsy. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole alone resulted in 21% mortality, and cysts were found in 28%. Both agents in full doses resulted in 45% deaths and cysts in 37%. Animals treated with half-dosages of pentamidine plus trimethroprim-sulfamethoxazole had mortality of 35%, and 21% had cysts. Trimethoprim alone, in two dosages, was ineffective in eradicating P. carinii cysts. The data suggest that combination therapy is no more effective than trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole alone in the treatment of P. carinii pneumonia.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

• Comparison of pentamidine isethionate and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
  Hughes WT, Feldman S, Chaudhary SC, Ossi MJ, Cox F, Sanyal SK. Hughes WT, et al. J Pediatr. 1978 Feb;92(2):285-91. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(78)80028-6. J Pediatr. 1978. PMID: 304478 Clinical Trial.
• Tracheal aspirate examination for Pneumocystis carinii cysts as a guide to therapy in pneumocystis pneumonia.
  Trigg ME, Kohn DB, Sondel PM, Chesney PJ. Trigg ME, et al. J Pediatr. 1983 Jun;102(6):881-3. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(83)80017-1. J Pediatr. 1983. PMID: 6602215 No abstract available.
• Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared with pentamidine for treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A prospective, noncrossover study.
  Sattler FR, Cowan R, Nielsen DM, Ruskin J. Sattler FR, et al. Ann Intern Med. 1988 Aug 15;109(4):280-7. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-109-4-280. Ann Intern Med. 1988. PMID: 3260759 Clinical Trial.
• Aerosolized pentamidine in HIV. Promising new treatment for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
  Sarti GM. Sarti GM. Postgrad Med. 1989 Aug;86(2):54-6, 59-60, 63, passim. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1989.11704352. Postgrad Med. 1989. PMID: 2666972 Review.
• [Drugs for pneumocystosis].
  Furet Y, Duong TH, Perrotin D, Breteau M. Furet Y, et al. Therapie. 1988 Jan-Feb;43(1):33-8. Therapie. 1988. PMID: 3128885 Review. French. No abstract available.

Cited by

• Pathological and protective immunity to Pneumocystis infection.
  Eddens T, Kolls JK. Eddens T, et al. Semin Immunopathol. 2015 Mar;37(2):153-62. doi: 10.1007/s00281-014-0459-z. Epub 2014 Nov 25. Semin Immunopathol. 2015. PMID: 25420451 Free PMC article. Review.
• Expression and characterization of recombinant human-derived Pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase.
  Ma L, Kovacs JA. Ma L, et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Nov;44(11):3092-6. doi: 10.1128/AAC.44.11.3092-3096.2000. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000. PMID: 11036028 Free PMC article.
• Clinically used antimicrobial drugs against experimental pneumocystosis, singly and in combination: analysis of drug interactions and efficacies.
  Walzer PD, Runck J, Orr S, Foy J, Steele P, White M. Walzer PD, et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997 Feb;41(2):242-50. doi: 10.1128/AAC.41.2.242. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997. PMID: 9021174 Free PMC article.
• Monodrug efficacies of sulfonamides in prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
  Hughes WT, Killmar J. Hughes WT, et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Apr;40(4):962-5. doi: 10.1128/AAC.40.4.962. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996. PMID: 8849260 Free PMC article.
• Synergistic combinations of Ro 11-8958 and other dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors with sulfamethoxazole and dapsone for therapy of experimental pneumocystosis.
  Walzer PD, Foy J, Steele P, White M. Walzer PD, et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1993 Jul;37(7):1436-43. doi: 10.1128/AAC.37.7.1436. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1993. PMID: 8363372 Free PMC article.

References

1. 1. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd. 1958 Jan;106(1):10-4 - PubMed
2. 1. JAMA. 1976 Nov 22;236(21):2399-402 - PubMed
3. 1. Ann Intern Med. 1974 Jan;80(1):83-93 - PubMed
4. 1. Ann Intern Med. 1971 Oct;75(4):505-9 - PubMed
5. 1. JAMA. 1970 Nov 9;214(6):1067-73 - PubMed

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

• Full Text Sources

  • Atypon
  • Europe PubMed Central
  • PubMed Central