Inflammation and Its Role in Regeneration and Repair - PubMed (original) (raw)

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Inflammation and Its Role in Regeneration and Repair

John P Cooke. Circ Res. 2019.

Abstract

Inflammation plays an important role in tissue repair and regeneration. Recent work reveals that inflammatory signaling increases DNA accessibility so as to promote phenotypic fluidity in the response to injury.

Keywords: cardiovascular disease; endothelium; immunity; inflammation; regeneration.

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When a cell is confronted by a local challenge such as pathogens (presenting pathogen-associated molecular patterns or PAMPs) or damage (presenting damage-associated molecular patterns or PAMPs), pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on the cell surface or on endosomes within the cell are activated. The stimulation of PRRs triggers an inflammatory signaling cascade that leads to the activation of transcriptional effectors such as NFKb, IRF3 and IRF7. These effectors cause global changes in the expression and post-translational modification of epigenetic enzymes. Combined with a metabolic switch that supplies more acetylcoA to the nucleus, the epigenetic alterations increase DNA accessibility to increase the transcriptional repertoire of the cell so as to provide for phenotypic fluidity.

References

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