Viral composition and context in metagenomes from biofilm and suspended growth municipal wastewater treatment plants - PubMed (original) (raw)
Viral composition and context in metagenomes from biofilm and suspended growth municipal wastewater treatment plants
Morgan L Petrovich et al. Microb Biotechnol. 2019 Nov.
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) contain high density and diversity of viruses which can significantly impact microbial communities in aquatic systems. While previous studies have investigated viruses in WWTP samples that have been specifically concentrated for viruses and filtered to exclude bacteria, little is known about viral communities associated with bacterial communities throughout wastewater treatment systems. Additionally, differences in viral composition between attached and suspended growth wastewater treatment bioprocesses are not well characterized. Here, shotgun metagenomics was used to analyse wastewater and biomass from transects through two full-scale WWTPs for viral composition and associations with bacterial hosts. One WWTP used a suspended growth activated sludge bioreactor and the other used a biofilm reactor (trickling filter). Myoviridae, Podoviridae and Siphoviridae were the dominant viral families throughout both WWTPs, which are all from the order Caudovirales. Beta diversity analysis of viral sequences showed that samples clustered significantly both by plant and by specific sampling location. For each WWTP, the overall bacterial community structure was significantly different than community structure of bacterial taxa associated with viral sequences. These findings highlight viral community composition in transects through different WWTPs and provide context for dsDNA viral sequences in bacterial communities from these systems.
© 2019 The Authors. Microbial Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Society for Applied Microbiology.
Conflict of interest statement
None declared.
Figures
Figure 1
Relative abundance of viral families in WWTPs. Relative abundances are expressed as proportion of total contigs containing viral sequences corresponding to each family based on contig coverage. Percentages next to sample names refer to percent of total contigs that contain viral sequences based on contig coverage. A) Biofilm system. B) Suspended growth system.
Figure 2
Principal coordinates analysis (
PC
oA) summarizing beta diversity of viral community composition between sampling locations and
WWTP
s based on a Bray–Curtis distance matrix at the species level.
Figure 3
Relative abundance of bacterial classes associated with detected viral sequences. A. Biofilm system. B. Suspended growth system.
Figure 4
Relative abundance of bacterial classes in the overall bacterial community in the two
WWTP
s based on taxonomic assignment of contigs. A. Biofilm system. B. Suspended growth system.
Figure 5
Principal coordinates analysis (
PC
oA) summarizing community composition beta diversity of bacteria associated with viral sequences and total bacteria based on a Bray–Curtis distance matrix at the species level.
References
- Alhamlan, F. , Ederer, M. , Brown, C. , Coats, E. , and Crawford, R. (2013) Metagenomics‐based analysis of viral communities in dairy lagoon wastewater. J Microbiol Methods 92: 183–188. - PubMed
- Aw, T.G. , Howe, A. , and Rose, J.B. (2014) Metagenomic approaches for direct and cell culture evaluation of the virological quality of wastewater. J Virol Methods 210: 15–21. - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources