Dexmedetomidine Inhibits Neuroinflammation by Altering Microglial M1/M2 Polarization Through MAPK/ERK Pathway - PubMed (original) (raw)

. 2020 Feb;45(2):345-353.

doi: 10.1007/s11064-019-02922-1. Epub 2019 Dec 10.

Pan Lu 1, Kui Wang 1, Xijuan Zhao 1, Qianqian Li 1, Jieqiong Wen 1, Hong Zhang 1, Rong Li 1, Haidong Wei 1, Yuying Lv 1, Shuyue Zhang 3, Pengbo Zhang 4

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Dexmedetomidine Inhibits Neuroinflammation by Altering Microglial M1/M2 Polarization Through MAPK/ERK Pathway

Zhengguo Qiu et al. Neurochem Res. 2020 Feb.

Abstract

Neuroinflammation is critical in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases. Microglial pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) status determines the outcome of neuroinflammation. Dexmedetomidine exerts anti-inflammatory effects in many neurological conditions. Whether dexmedetomidine functions via modulation of microglia M1/M2 polarization remains to be fully elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of dexmedetomidine on the neuroinflammatory cell model and explored the potential mechanism. BV2 cells were stimulated with LPS to establish a neuroinflammatory model. The cell viability was determined with MTT assay. NO levels were assessed using a NO detection kit. The protein levels of IL-10, TNF-α, iNOS, CD206, ERK1/2, and pERK1/2 were quantified using Western blotting. LPS significantly increased pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and NO, and M1 phenotypic marker iNOS, and decreased anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 and M2 phenotypic marker CD206 in BV2 cells. Furthermore, exposure of BV2 cells to LPS significantly raised pERK1/2 expression. Pretreatment with dexmedetomidine attenuated LPS-elicited changes in p-ERK, iNOS, TNF-α, NO, CD206 and IL-10 levels in BV2 cells. However, co-treatment with dexmedetomidine and LM22B-10, an agonist of ERK, reversed dexmedetomidine-elicited changes in p-ERK, iNOS, TNF-α, NO, CD206 and IL-10 levels in LPS-exposed BV2 cells. We, for the first time, showed that dexmedetomidine increases microglial M2 polarization by inhibiting phosphorylation of ERK1/2, by which it exerts anti-inflammatory effects in BV2 cells.

Keywords: Anti-inflammation; Dexmedetomidine; Microglia; Polarization.

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