Development of PLGA micro- and nanorods with high capacity of surface ligand conjugation for enhanced targeted delivery - PubMed (original) (raw)

Development of PLGA micro- and nanorods with high capacity of surface ligand conjugation for enhanced targeted delivery

Jiafu Cao et al. Asian J Pharm Sci. 2019 Jan.

Abstract

Particle shape has been recognized as one of the key properties of nanoparticles in biomedical applications including targeted drug delivery. Targeting ability of shape-engineered particles depends largely on targeting ligands conjugated on the particle surface. However, poor capacity for surface ligand conjugation remains a problem in anisotropic nanoparticles made with biodegradable polymers such as PLGA. In this study, we prepared anisotropic PLGA nanoparticles with abundant conjugatable surface functional groups by a film stretching-based fabrication method with poly (ethylene-alt-maleic acid) (PEMA). Scanning electron microscopy images showed that microrods and nanorods were successfully fabricated by the PEMA-based film stretching method. The presence of surface carboxylic acid groups was confirmed by confocal microscopy and zeta potential measurements. Using the improved film-stretching method, the amount of protein conjugated to the surface of nanorods was increased three-fold. Transferrin-conjugated, nanorods fabricated by the improved method exhibited higher binding and internalization than unmodified counterparts. Therefore, the PEMA-based film-stretching system presented in this study would be a promising fabrication method for non-spherical biodegradable polymeric micro- and nanoparticles with high capacity of surface modifications for enhanced targeted delivery.

Keywords: Film-stretching method; PLGA nanoparticles; Particle shape; Surface modification; Targeted drug delivery.

© 2018 Shenyang Pharmaceutical University. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article.

Figures

Image, graphical abstract

Graphical abstract

Fig 1

Fig. 1

Fabrication of surface-conjugatable, microrods and nanorods by PEMA film stretching.

Fig 2

Fig. 2

SEM images of microrods fabricated using different proportions of PEMA and PVA with four differently formulated microspheres. The scale bars are 10 µm.

Fig 3

Fig. 3

Confocal images of microrods with surface-conjugated FITC-albumin. Scale bars in bright field (BF) images correspond to 5 µm.

Fig 4

Fig. 4

The surface charge of PLGA MPs. Results are expressed as the means ± SD (n = 3).

Fig 5

Fig. 5

SEM images of nanorods. The dimensions of nanorods fabricated using PVA film were 373.2 ± 97.5 nm (length) by 98.7 ± 18.5 nm (width), while those of nanorods fabricated using PEMA film were 385.8 ± 88.2 nm (length) by 105.9 ± 25.7 nm (width). The scale bars are 1 µm.

Fig 6

Fig. 6

Amount of protein on the particle surface (A) and fluorescence intensities (B) of nanorods fabricated using different film types. The results are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 3). *P < 0.05 vs. nanorods fabricated using PVA film.

Fig 7

Fig. 7

Confocal microscopy image of cellular-uptake studies of Tf-conjugated, coumarin-6-loaded, nanorods (fabricated using PVA and PEMA) in KB cells after a 2-h incubation. The scale bars are 10 µm.

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