Metabolomics and Proteomics in Type 2 Diabetes - PubMed (original) (raw)

Review

Metabolomics and Proteomics in Type 2 Diabetes

Zsu-Zsu Chen et al. Circ Res. 2020.

Abstract

The persistent increase in the worldwide burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and the accompanying rise of its complications, including cardiovascular disease, necessitates our understanding of the metabolic disturbances that cause diabetes mellitus. Metabolomics and proteomics, facilitated by recent advances in high-throughput technologies, have given us unprecedented insight into circulating biomarkers of T2D even over a decade before overt disease. These markers may be effective tools for diabetes mellitus screening, diagnosis, and prognosis. As participants of metabolic pathways, metabolite and protein markers may also highlight pathways involved in T2D development. The integration of metabolomics and proteomics with genomics in multiomics strategies provides an analytical method that can begin to decipher causal associations. These methods are not without their limitations; however, with careful study design and sample handling, these methods represent powerful scientific tools that can be leveraged for the study of T2D. In this article, we aim to give a timely overview of circulating metabolomics and proteomics findings with T2D observed in large human population studies to provide the reader with a snapshot into these emerging fields of research.

Keywords: biomarkers; cardiovascular diseases; diabetes mellitus, type 2; metabolomics; proteomics.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosures.

The authors have no conflict of interests to report.

Figures

Figure 1.

Incremental improvements in discrimination of hypothetical biomarkers based on a simulation of the predicted hazards ratio per 1 SD increase in a variable number of biomarkers with different marker-marker correlation (r). This figure was generated by Thomas Wang M.D., and Michael Pencina Ph.D. (Wang, Circulation. 2011.)

Figure 2.

Workflow for different high-throughput proteomics technologies. DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid. m/z: mass to charge ratio. qPCR: quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Adapted from a figure by J. Gustav Smith, M.D., Ph.D., and Robert Gerszten, M.D. (Smith and Gerszten. Circulation. 2017).

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Metabolomics and Proteomics in Type 2 Diabetes - PubMed (original) (raw)