The role of improved social support for healthy eating in a lifestyle intervention: Texercise Select - PubMed (original) (raw)

The role of improved social support for healthy eating in a lifestyle intervention: Texercise Select

Aya Yoshikawa et al. Public Health Nutr. 2021 Jan.

Abstract

Objective: We examined the measurement and mediating role of social support in dietary intake among participants in Texercise Select, an intervention for improving lifestyle behaviours.

Design: Quasi-experimental study. Participants reported their dietary intake, level of social support measured by the new Social Support for Healthy Eating scale, sociodemographics and disease profile. We conducted exploratory factor analysis for scale evaluation and structural equation modelling for mediation analysis to test if changes in dietary-specific social support mediate the relationship between the intervention and changes in dietary intake.

Setting: Texas.

Participants: Community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults completed a self-reported survey at baseline and 3-month follow-up (intervention group n 211, comparison group n 175).

Results: The majority of the sample was aged ≥70 years (mean 74·30, sd 8·54), female (82·1 %) and had at least two chronic conditions (63·5 %). The acceptable levels of reliability and validity of the dietary-specific social support scale were confirmed. Compared with the comparison group, the intervention group reported improved intake of fruit/vegetables and water, and improved dietary-specific social support. Improved dietary-specific social support mediated the association between intervention and change in fruit/vegetable intake, controlling for sociodemographics, number of chronic conditions and geographic residence. About 12 % of intervention effect was mediated by social support.

Conclusions: The current study confirms positive intervention effects on healthy eating, and highlights social support relating to dietary behaviours that may be helpful for healthy eating. Future research should investigate additional social support for developing healthy eating behavioural skills.

Keywords: Healthy lifestyle; Lifestyle intervention; Mediation analysis; Middle-aged and older adults; Social support.

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Figures

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

The model depicting the mediating role of social support between intervention condition and changes in dietary intake. *Residual change scores obtained based on pre-survey scores as predictors

Fig. 2

Fig. 2

Unstandardised coefficients and bias-corrected bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals for direct and indirect effects from structural equation model testing the mediating (indirect) effect of changes in the level of social support between intervention and changes in fruit/vegetable intake. Note: The model controlled for age, sex, race, education, living arrangement, the number of chronic conditions and geographic residence

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