Vaccine Effectiveness Against Pediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Emergency Visits - PubMed (original) (raw)

Multicenter Study

. 2020 Nov;146(5):e20201368.

doi: 10.1542/peds.2020-1368. Epub 2020 Oct 5.

Constance Ogokeh 2 3, Joana Y Lively 4 5, Mary A Staat 6, Rangaraj Selvarangan 7 8, Natasha B Halasa 9, Janet A Englund 10 11, Julie A Boom 12 13, Geoffrey A Weinberg 14, John V Williams 15, Monica McNeal 6, Christopher J Harrison 15, Laura S Stewart 9, Eileen J Klein 10 11, Leila C Sahni 12 13, Peter G Szilagyi 14 16, Marian G Michaels 15, Robert W Hickey 15, Mary E Moffat 17, Barbara A Pahud 15, Jennifer E Schuster 15, Gina M Weddle 15, Brian Rha 4, Alicia M Fry 2, Manish Patel 2

Affiliations

Multicenter Study

Vaccine Effectiveness Against Pediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Emergency Visits

Angela P Campbell et al. Pediatrics. 2020 Nov.

Abstract

Background: Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses initially predominated during the US 2018-2019 season, with antigenically drifted influenza A(H3N2) viruses peaking later. We estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) against laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits among children in the New Vaccine Surveillance Network.

Methods: We tested children 6 months to 17 years with acute respiratory illness for influenza using molecular assays at 7 pediatric hospitals (ED patients <5 years at 3 sites). Vaccination status sources were parental report, state immunization information systems and/or provider records for inpatients, and parental report alone for ED patients. We estimated VE using a test-negative design, comparing odds of vaccination among children testing positive versus negative for influenza using multivariable logistic regression.

Results: Of 1792 inpatients, 226 (13%) were influenza-positive: 47% for influenza A(H3N2), 36% for A(H1N1)pdm09, 9% for A (not subtyped), and 7% for B viruses. Among 1944 ED children, 420 (22%) were influenza-positive: 48% for A(H3N2), 35% for A(H1N1)pdm09, 11% for A (not subtyped), and 5% for B viruses. VE was 41% (95% confidence interval [CI], 20% to 56%) against any influenza-related hospitalizations, 41% (95% CI, 11% to 61%) for A(H3N2), and 47% (95% CI, 16% to 67%) for A(H1N1)pdm09. VE was 51% (95% CI, 38% to 62%) against any influenza-related ED visits, 39% (95% CI, 15% to 56%) against A(H3N2), and 61% (95% CI, 44% to 73%) against A(H1N1)pdm09.

Conclusions: The 2018-2019 influenza vaccine reduced pediatric influenza A-associated hospitalizations and ED visits by 40% to 60%, despite circulation of a drifted A(H3N2) clade.

Copyright © 2020 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

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Conflict of interest statement

POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST: Other than those provided under “Financial Disclosure,” the authors have indicated they have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.

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