Current treatment paradigms and emerging therapies for NAFLD/NASH - PubMed (original) (raw)

Review

. 2021 Jan 1;26(2):206-237.

doi: 10.2741/4892.

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Review

Current treatment paradigms and emerging therapies for NAFLD/NASH

Sana Raza et al. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2021.

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one the fastest emerging manifestations of the metabolic syndrome worldwide. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the progressive form of NAFLD, may culminate into cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer (HCC) and is presently a leading cause of liver transplant. Although a steady progress is seen in understanding of the disease epidemiology, pathogenesis and identifying therapeutic targets, the slowest advancement is seen in the therapeutic field. Currently, there is no FDA approved therapy for this disease and appropriate therapeutic targets are urgently warranted. In this review we discuss the role of lifestyle intervention, pharmacological agents, surgical approaches, and gut microbiome, with regard to therapy for NASH. In particular, we focus the role of insulin sensitizers, thyroid hormone mimetics, antioxidants, cholesterol lowering drugs, incretins and cytokines as therapeutic targets for NASH. We highlight these targets aiming to optimize the future for NASH therapy.

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Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1

Mechanism of action of lifestyle modification and pharmacological therapy in NAFLD and NASH. NAFLD: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH: non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; FXR: farnesoid X receptor; PPAR: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor.

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