Diversity and Plant Growth Promotion of Fungal Endophytes in Five Halophytes from the Buan Salt Marsh - PubMed (original) (raw)

Diversity and Plant Growth Promotion of Fungal Endophytes in Five Halophytes from the Buan Salt Marsh

Irina Khalmuratova et al. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021.

Abstract

The diversity and plant growth-promoting ability of fungal endophytes that are associated with five halophytic plant species (Phragmites australis, Suaeda australis, Limonium tetragonum, Suaeda glauca Bunge, and Suaeda maritima) growing in the Buan salt marsh on the west coast of South Korea have been explored. About 188 fungal strains were isolated from these plant samples' roots and were then studied with the use of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2). The endophytic fungal strains belonged to 33 genera. Alternaria (18%) and Fusarium (12.8%), of the classes Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes, were most rampant in the coastal salt marsh plants. There was a higher diversity in fungal endophytes that are isolated from S. glauca Bunge than in isolates from other coastal salt marsh plants. Plant growth-promoting experiments with the use of Waito-C rice seedlings show that some of the fungal strains could encourage a more efficient growth than others. Furthermore, gibberellins (GAs) GA1, GA3, and GA9 were seen in the Sa-1-4-3 isolate (Acrostalagmus luteoalbus) culture filtrate with a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Keywords: Buan salt marsh; Coastal salt marsh plants; fungal endophytes; gibberellin; growth promotion.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest

The authors have no financial conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Fig. 1

Fig. 1. Distribution of fungal isolates in different plant samples at the class (A) and genus (B) levels.

Pa, Phragmites australis; Sa, Suaeda australis; Lt, Limonium tetragonum; Su, Suaeda glauca Bunge; and Sm, Suaeda maritima.

Fig. 2

Fig. 2. Screening for plant growth promoting of Waito-C rice seedlings with culture filtrates of fungal endophytes isolated from plant samples A-F.

Ten microliters of lyophilized culture filtrates was treated to Waito-C rice seedlings. The shoot length and plant length of the Waito-C rice seedlings were measured after 7 days of treatment. The standard deviation from means was calculated using Microsoft Excel.

Fig. 3

Fig. 3. Gibberellins content of fungal culture filtrates of the Sa-1-4-3 strain and wild type Gibberella fujikuroi.

GC/MS-SIM analysis of culture filtrate extracts from the Sa-1-4-3 fungal isolate detected two bioactive GAs. Sa-1- 4-3 showed the presence of bioactivity of GA1, GA3, and other inactive GA.

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