Endoscopic Decompression in Colonic Distension - PubMed (original) (raw)

Review

. 2021 Mar;37(2):142-148.

doi: 10.1159/000514799. Epub 2021 Feb 11.

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Review

Endoscopic Decompression in Colonic Distension

Sebastian Belle. Visc Med. 2021 Mar.

Abstract

Background: Acute colonic distension is a medical emergency with high morbidity and mortality. Clinically important causes of colonic distension are acute colonic pseudo-obstruction, colonic volvulus, and malignant obstruction. Endoscopic decompression is one established therapeutic strategy.

Summary: This therapeutic review will give an overview of possible therapeutic strategies based on the recently published literature, focusing on endoscopic decompression and summarizing the other therapeutic possibilities. The review discusses separately the therapeutic options of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction, colonic volvulus, and malignant obstruction, providing an evidence-based orientation for clinical use.

Key messages: Endoscopic decompression of colonic distension is an established therapy with high clinical success. The technique and its position in the therapy sequence differ depending on the medical condition, the trigger of the colonic distension, and the local expertise.

Keywords: Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction; Malignant colorectal stenosis; Self-expandable metallic stent; Tube decompression.

Copyright © 2021 by S. Karger AG, Basel.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author has no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Specific treatment for ACPO. # Conservative treatment: discontinuation of narcotics, anticholinergics, and calcium-channel antagonists; correction of electrolyte abnormalities; nil per os; decompressing the GI tract by nasogastric tube and/or rectal tube insertion.

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