Association Between a Body Shape Index and Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis in Population Free of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases - PubMed (original) (raw)

. 2022 Aug 1;29(8):1140-1152.

doi: 10.5551/jat.62988. Epub 2021 Sep 4.

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Association Between a Body Shape Index and Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis in Population Free of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases

Xiaotian Ma et al. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2022.

Abstract

Aim: We used a dataset from a cross-sectional survey conducted in China to determine which of the anthropometric indices of obesity are important in terms of carotid atherosclerosis free of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Methods: A total of 5,245 participants who were volunteering for carotid ultrasound unit in this cross-sectional survey were included in the present analysis. All subjects were free of angina, myocardial infarction, heart failure and stroke, and cancer. A low-risk subgroup was defined as people free of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. All analyses based on logistic regression were gender-specific.

Results: The present study consisted of 2,501 males and 2,744 females, with 776 (31.03%) diagnosed as carotid artery plaque in males and 550 (20.04%) in females. Univariable analyses in unadjusted logistic model showed significant associations between disease presence and all central obesity indices. After adjusting for more variables, only a body shape index (ABSI) was associated with the presence of disease in both males and females. Moreover, stepwise regression approaches revealed that ABSI was always an independent determinant of the presence of subclinical carotid plaque. Multiple regression shows a linear and significant increase in the prevalence of atherosclerosis in males and females as ABSI decile levels increased. Similar results were obtained when the association between ABSI and carotid plaque was studied in this low-risk subgroup.

Conclusions: ABSI, as a novel anthropometric indicator compared with traditional indices, was found to have a closer relationship with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis, even in populations free of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia.

Keywords: A body shape index; Cross-sectional study; Obesity indices; Subclinical carotid atherosclerosis.

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Figures

Fig.1.

Fig.1.

The flowchart of study population inclusion and exclusion

Fig.2. Prevalence and adjusted odds ratios for the association of CAA with ABSI decile levels for both men and women in CCVd-free population

Fig.2. Prevalence and adjusted odds ratios for the association of CAA with ABSI decile levels for both men and women in CCVd-free population

(A) As ABSI decile levels rise, there is a linear and significant increase in the prevalence of CAA in males, ranging from 19.60% in the lowest level to 43.43% in the highest decile level (_p_＜0.001). (B) A similar pattern is observed for females, with the prevalence of CAA ranging from 6.18% in the lowest level to 38.55% in the highest level (_p_＜0.001). (C and D) Adjusted odds ratios for the association of CAA with ABSI decile levels for males and females, respectively. Compared with the lowest decile level, the OR of the highest decile level was 1.87 (95% CI 1.17–3.00, _p_=0.009) for males and 2.83 (95% CI 1.52–5.50, _p_=0.001) for females, respectively. ＊means the OR compared with the first decile level were statistical significance (_p_＜0.05). The lowest decile served as the reference category. Vertical bars represent 95 percent confidence intervals.

Fig.3. Correlations between ABSI and CAA in low-risk subgroup

Fig.3. Correlations between ABSI and CAA in low-risk subgroup

Adjusted model 1: adjusted for age. Adjusted model 2: adjusted for age, race, smoking status, SBP, LDL-C, FBG, and eGFR.

Fig.4. Prevalence and adjusted odds ratios for the association of CAA with ABSI decile levels for both men and women in low-risk subgroup

Fig.4. Prevalence and adjusted odds ratios for the association of CAA with ABSI decile levels for both men and women in low-risk subgroup

(A and B) As ABSI decile levels rise, there is a linear and significant increase in the prevalence of CAA in both males and females (_p_＜0.001). (C and D) Adjusted odds ratios for the association of CAA with ABSI decile levels for males and females, respectively. Compared with the lowest decile level, the ORs for the highest deciles in males and females were 5.02 (95% CI 2.18–12.41, _p_＜0.001) and 3.34 (95% CI 1.37–9.26, _p_=0.012), respectively. ＊means the OR compared with the first decile level were statistical significance (_p_＜0.05). The lowest decile served as the reference category. Vertical bars represent 95 percent confidence intervals.

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