Review article: The complex interplay between diet and Escherichia coli in inflammatory bowel disease - PubMed (original) (raw)

Review

. 2023 Nov;58(10):984-1004.

doi: 10.1111/apt.17720. Epub 2023 Sep 28.

Affiliations

Free article

Review

Review article: The complex interplay between diet and Escherichia coli in inflammatory bowel disease

Nojoud Faqerah et al. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2023 Nov.

Free article

Abstract

Background: Although no causative microbe has been yet identified or successfully targeted in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the role of Escherichia coli in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease has attracted considerable interest.

Aim: In this review, we present a literature overview of the interactions between diet and E. coli and other Proteobacteria in the aetiology, outcomes and management of IBD and suggest future research directions.

Methods: An extensive literature search was performed to identify in vitro studies and research in animal models that explored mechanisms by which dietary components can interact with E. coli or Proteobacteria to initiate or propagate gut inflammation. We also explored the effect diet and dietary therapies have on the levels of E. coli or Proteobacteria in patients with IBD.

Results: Preclinical data suggest that the Western diet and its components influence the abundance, colonisation and phenotypic behaviour of E. coli in the gut, which may in turn initiate or contribute to gut inflammation. In contrast, the Mediterranean diet and specific dietary fibres may abrogate these effects and protect from inflammation. There are limited data from clinical trials, mostly from patients with Crohn's disease during treatment with exclusive enteral nutrition, with findings often challenging observations from preclinical research. Data from patients with ulcerative colitis are sparse.

Conclusions: Preclinical and some clinical trial data suggest that E. coli and other Proteobacteria interact with certain dietary components to promote gut inflammation. Well-designed clinical trials are required before dietary recommendations for disease management can be made.

© 2023 The Authors. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

PubMed Disclaimer

Comment in

Similar articles

Cited by

References

REFERENCES

    1. Molodecky NA, Soon IS, Rabi DM, Ghali WA, Ferris M, Chernoff G, et al. Increasing incidence and prevalence of the inflammatory bowel diseases with time, based on systematic review. Gastroenterology. 2012;142(1):46-54.e42. quiz e30.
    1. Chapman CG, Pekow J. The emerging role of miRNAs in inflammatory bowel disease: a review. Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2015;8(1):4-22.
    1. Kaplan GG. The global burden of IBD: from 2015 to 2025. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;12(12):720-727.
    1. Ng SC, Shi HY, Hamidi N, Underwood FE, Tang W, Benchimol EI, et al. Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century: a systematic review of population-based studies. Lancet. 2018;390(10114):2769-2778.
    1. Roberts SE, Thorne K, Thapar N, Broekaert I, Benninga MA, Dolinsek J, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease incidence and prevalence across Europe. J Crohns Colitis. 2020;14(8):1119-1148.

Publication types

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources