Double Trouble: How Microbiome Dysbiosis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Drive Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis - PubMed (original) (raw)

Review

Double Trouble: How Microbiome Dysbiosis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Drive Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

Wesam Bahitham et al. Biomedicines. 2024.

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are closely related liver conditions that have become more prevalent globally. This review examines the intricate interplay between microbiome dysbiosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of NAFLD and NASH. The combination of these two factors creates a synergistic situation referred to as "double trouble", which promotes the accumulation of lipids in the liver and the subsequent progression from simple steatosis (NAFLD) to inflammation (NASH). Microbiome dysbiosis, characterized by changes in the composition of gut microbes and increased intestinal permeability, contributes to the movement of bacterial products into the liver. It triggers metabolic disturbances and has anti-inflammatory effects. Understanding the complex relationship between microbiome dysbiosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of NAFLD and NASH is crucial for advancing innovative therapeutic approaches that target these underlying mechanisms.

Keywords: NAFLD; NASH; cancer; cirrhosis; fibrosis; liver; steatohepatitis; steatosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1

This is an illustrative depiction of how augmented microbial diversity can potentially engender beneficial effects on health, whereas diminished microbial diversity may intricately contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction and its correlated health outcomes.

Figure 2

Figure 2

This figure illustrates the dynamic interrelationship between microbial metabolites and mitochondrial metabolism. Microbial metabolites, such as SCFAs and various other bioactive compounds, exert a significant influence on cellular energy production and intercellular signaling processes.

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