The biology of human drip breast milk - PubMed (original) (raw)
The biology of human drip breast milk
A Lucas et al. Early Hum Dev. 1978 Dec.
Abstract
The milk which drips from the opposite breast during breast feeding is used in some centres for feeding premature babies, yet there is little scientific information on the biology of this secretion. Drip breast milk (DBM) differs from expressed breast milk (EBM), both in its contents and in the change in its composition over the period of lactation. The fat concentration and energy value of DBM are low, compared with levels reported for EBM: protein, fat, sodium and energy value in DBM fall with the duration of lactation, whereas magnesium and calcium rise, and lactose, potassium osmolality and lysozyme remain constant. The milk fat content of DBM produced by individual donors is linearly related to the daily volume of DBM produced. Studies on 477 women admitted to the Oxford General Practice Obstetric Unit over 1 yr showed that, of the 75% who were lactating successfully 2 wk after delivery, 19% were producing DBM by 2--4 wk. Women who produced DBM did not differ in age or parity from those lactating women who did not, and their babies did not differ in birthweight, gestation, centile or sex. The suitability of DBM as a food for premature infants is discussed.
Similar articles
- Protein and amino acids of breast milk from Thai mothers.
Chavalittamrong B, Suanpan S, Boonvisut S, Chatranon W, Gershoff SN. Chavalittamrong B, et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 1981 Jun;34(6):1126-30. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/34.6.1126. Am J Clin Nutr. 1981. PMID: 7234741 - Energy and macronutrient content of human milk during early lactation from mothers giving birth prematurely and at term.
Anderson GH, Atkinson SA, Bryan MH. Anderson GH, et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 1981 Feb;34(2):258-65. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/34.2.258. Am J Clin Nutr. 1981. PMID: 7211727 - Protein, lactose and fat concentration of breast milk of mothers of term and premature neonates.
Arnold J, Leslie G, Chen S. Arnold J, et al. Aust Paediatr J. 1987 Oct;23(5):299-300. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.1987.tb00276.x. Aust Paediatr J. 1987. PMID: 3439943 - The volume and composition of human milk in poorly nourished communities. A review.
Jelliffe DB, Jelliffe EF. Jelliffe DB, et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 1978 Mar;31(3):492-515. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/31.3.492. Am J Clin Nutr. 1978. PMID: 343567 Review. - Preterm Human Milk Macronutrient and Energy Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Mimouni FB, Lubetzky R, Yochpaz S, Mandel D. Mimouni FB, et al. Clin Perinatol. 2017 Mar;44(1):165-172. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2016.11.010. Clin Perinatol. 2017. PMID: 28159203 Review.
Cited by
- A randomised multicentre study of human milk versus formula and later development in preterm infants.
Lucas A, Morley R, Cole TJ, Gore SM. Lucas A, et al. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 1994 Mar;70(2):F141-6. doi: 10.1136/fn.70.2.f141. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 1994. PMID: 8154907 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial. - Formula versus donor breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants.
Quigley M, Embleton ND, McGuire W. Quigley M, et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Jul 19;7(7):CD002971. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002971.pub5. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019. PMID: 31322731 Free PMC article. Updated. - Human milk banking: current concepts.
Mehta NR, Subramanian KN. Mehta NR, et al. Indian J Pediatr. 1990 May-Jun;57(3):361-74. doi: 10.1007/BF02727916. Indian J Pediatr. 1990. PMID: 2228089 No abstract available. - Formula versus donor breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants.
Quigley M, Embleton ND, McGuire W. Quigley M, et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Jun 20;6(6):CD002971. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002971.pub4. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018. PMID: 29926476 Free PMC article. Updated. Review.