Nitric oxide synthase in the visual cortex of monocular monkeys as revealed by light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry - PubMed (original) (raw)
Comparative Study
. 1993 Aug 20;620(1):97-113.
doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(93)90275-r.
Affiliations
- PMID: 7691382
- DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(93)90275-r
Free article
Comparative Study
Nitric oxide synthase in the visual cortex of monocular monkeys as revealed by light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry
C Aoki et al. Brain Res. 1993.
Free article
Abstract
Recent results indicate that nitric oxide (NO) can play an important role in neuronal excitability by modifying the strength of activated synapses and regulating local cerebral blood flow. We sought to determine whether the level of NO synthase (NOS) could, in turn, also be regulated by neural activity. Results using a polyclonal anti-NOS antibody showed that, in cortical area V1 of monocular monkeys, NOS-immunoreactivity is diminished in lamina 4C neuropil of the deprived ocular dominance columns relative to the immediately adjacent non-deprived columns. Closer examination of lamina 4C indicated that the intercolumnar difference in NOS-immunoreactivity does not reflect differences in the distribution of NOS-labeled perikarya, since relatively few neurons were immunoreactive for NOS in lamina 4C of either monocular or normal binocular monkeys. Electron microscopy revealed that the majority (> 80%) of NOS-immunoreactive profiles in lamina 4C are axon terminals. NOS-immunoreactive spines and dendritic shafts also are present but these are more prevalent in the superficial laminae. In order to determine whether the intercolumnar differences in lamina 4C neuropil correspond to altered densities of NOS cells in the superficial laminae, we performed a series of quantitative analyses. In the superficial laminae, NOS-cells occur as two distinguishable classes: a few that are large and intensely NOS-immunoreactive and many more (ca. 24-fold) that are small and lightly immunoreactive. Analysis of the distribution of 559 small and 105 large NOS-immunoreactive cells within 40-microns-thick tangential sections spanning laminae 2-3 showed that the number of cells (large and small together) associated with each blob is approximately 14 for both deprived (lighter) and non-deprived (darker) blobs. These cells are distributed evenly from the center to periphery of columns. Analysis of the distribution of NOS-cells in the infragranular laminae also did not reveal any columnar differences. These observations suggest that local neural activity may be coupled to NO release via alteration of NOS protein levels specifically within distal axonal processes of neurons. This mechanism could operate in conjunction with the more instantaneous catalytic activation of NOS. Ultrastructural analyses further suggest that NO may act as an anterograde and retrograde messenger arising from terminals in addition to its proposed role as a retrograde messenger arising from dendrites.
Similar articles
- Columnar activity regulates astrocytic beta-adrenergic receptor-like immunoreactivity in V1 of adult monkeys.
Aoki C, Lubin M, Fenstemaker S. Aoki C, et al. Vis Neurosci. 1994 Jan-Feb;11(1):179-87. doi: 10.1017/s0952523800011214. Vis Neurosci. 1994. PMID: 8011579 Free PMC article. - Nitric oxide synthase is found in some spinothalamic neurons and in neuronal processes that appose spinal neurons that express Fos induced by noxious stimulation.
Lee JH, Price RH, Williams FG, Mayer B, Beitz AJ. Lee JH, et al. Brain Res. 1993 Apr 16;608(2):324-33. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(93)91474-7. Brain Res. 1993. PMID: 7684312 - GABAA receptor subunit immunoreactivity in primate visual cortex: distribution in macaques and humans and regulation by visual input in adulthood.
Hendry SH, Huntsman MM, Viñuela A, Möhler H, de Blas AL, Jones EG. Hendry SH, et al. J Neurosci. 1994 Apr;14(4):2383-401. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.14-04-02383.1994. J Neurosci. 1994. PMID: 8158275 Free PMC article. - Cell- and lamina-specific expression and activity-dependent regulation of type II calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase isoforms in monkey visual cortex.
Tighilet B, Hashikawa T, Jones EG. Tighilet B, et al. J Neurosci. 1998 Mar 15;18(6):2129-46. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-06-02129.1998. J Neurosci. 1998. PMID: 9482799 Free PMC article. Review.
Cited by
- Neural roles for heme oxygenase: contrasts to nitric oxide synthase.
Barañano DE, Snyder SH. Barañano DE, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Sep 25;98(20):10996-1002. doi: 10.1073/pnas.191351298. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001. PMID: 11572959 Free PMC article. Review. - Effect of 7-nitroindazole sodium on the cellular distribution of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the cerebral cortex of hypoxic newborn piglets.
Katsetos CD, Parikh NA, Fritz KI, Legido A, Delivoria-Papadopoulos M, Mishra OP. Katsetos CD, et al. Neurochem Res. 2006 Jul;31(7):899-906. doi: 10.1007/s11064-006-9094-y. Epub 2006 Jun 29. Neurochem Res. 2006. PMID: 16804757 - Cloning and characterization of postsynaptic density 93, a nitric oxide synthase interacting protein.
Brenman JE, Christopherson KS, Craven SE, McGee AW, Bredt DS. Brenman JE, et al. J Neurosci. 1996 Dec 1;16(23):7407-15. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.16-23-07407.1996. J Neurosci. 1996. PMID: 8922396 Free PMC article. - Histochemical methods for detecting nitric oxide synthase.
Beesley JE. Beesley JE. Histochem J. 1995 Oct;27(10):757-69. Histochem J. 1995. PMID: 8575939 Review. - The synthesis of ATP by glycolytic enzymes in the postsynaptic density and the effect of endogenously generated nitric oxide.
Wu K, Aoki C, Elste A, Rogalski-Wilk AA, Siekevitz P. Wu K, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Nov 25;94(24):13273-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.94.24.13273. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997. PMID: 9371836 Free PMC article.