CD4+ T cell-dependent acquired state of immunity that protects the brain against Cryptococcus neoformans - PubMed (original) (raw)
. 1994 Mar 1;152(5):2344-50.
Affiliations
- PMID: 7907637
CD4+ T cell-dependent acquired state of immunity that protects the brain against Cryptococcus neoformans
J O Hill et al. J Immunol. 1994.
Abstract
In immunodeficient hosts, a failure in defense mechanisms allows Cryptococcus neoformans to establish foci of infection in the brain. Immune and nonspecific responses in the primary site of infection in the lung have been described, but those extrapulmonary defense mechanisms that can be mobilized against the yeast have received little attention. This paper describes a response expressed against yeast in the brain of immunocompetent hosts, a response that is weakened in hosts deficient in CD4+ T cells. When a small number of yeast gain access to the vasculature, for example through an i.v. injection, about 0.1% establish themselves in the brain. Normal mice but not SCID mice have the capacity to suppress the multiplication of these yeast cells. The host response is accelerated in mice that are recovering from a primary lung infection, resulting in long term survival without antibiotic chemotherapy. This response is ablated by anti-CD4 mAb treatment and CD4+ cells obtained from infected primed donors are needed to confer immunity on SCID recipients. The critical target for the anti-Cryptococcus immune response are yeast in the brain cortex. However, rather than preventing the colonization of the brain by blood-borne yeast, immunity apparently serves to restrict the growth of yeast in a small number of established foci.
Similar articles
- MHC class II-positive perivascular microglial cells mediate resistance to Cryptococcus neoformans brain infection.
Aguirre K, Miller S. Aguirre K, et al. Glia. 2002 Aug;39(2):184-8. doi: 10.1002/glia.10093. Glia. 2002. PMID: 12112369 - Depletion of CD4+ (L3T4+) lymphocytes in vivo impairs murine host defense to Cryptococcus neoformans.
Mody CH, Lipscomb MF, Street NE, Toews GB. Mody CH, et al. J Immunol. 1990 Feb 15;144(4):1472-7. J Immunol. 1990. PMID: 1968080 - Afferent phase production of TNF-alpha is required for the development of protective T cell immunity to Cryptococcus neoformans.
Huffnagle GB, Toews GB, Burdick MD, Boyd MB, McAllister KS, McDonald RA, Kunkel SL, Strieter RM. Huffnagle GB, et al. J Immunol. 1996 Nov 15;157(10):4529-36. J Immunol. 1996. PMID: 8906831
Cited by
- Both Th1 and Th2 cytokines affect the ability of monoclonal antibodies to protect mice against Cryptococcus neoformans.
Beenhouwer DO, Shapiro S, Feldmesser M, Casadevall A, Scharff MD. Beenhouwer DO, et al. Infect Immun. 2001 Oct;69(10):6445-55. doi: 10.1128/IAI.69.10.6445-6455.2001. Infect Immun. 2001. PMID: 11553589 Free PMC article. - Decreased resistance to primary intravenous Cryptococcus neoformans infection in aged mice despite adequate resistance to intravenous rechallenge.
Aguirre KM, Gibson GW, Johnson LL. Aguirre KM, et al. Infect Immun. 1998 Sep;66(9):4018-24. doi: 10.1128/IAI.66.9.4018-4024.1998. Infect Immun. 1998. PMID: 9712741 Free PMC article. - Role of tumor necrosis factor and gamma interferon in acquired resistance to Cryptococcus neoformans in the central nervous system of mice.
Aguirre K, Havell EA, Gibson GW, Johnson LL. Aguirre K, et al. Infect Immun. 1995 May;63(5):1725-31. doi: 10.1128/iai.63.5.1725-1731.1995. Infect Immun. 1995. PMID: 7729878 Free PMC article. - Role of microglia in central nervous system infections.
Rock RB, Gekker G, Hu S, Sheng WS, Cheeran M, Lokensgard JR, Peterson PK. Rock RB, et al. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2004 Oct;17(4):942-64, table of contents. doi: 10.1128/CMR.17.4.942-964.2004. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2004. PMID: 15489356 Free PMC article. Review. - The cell wall and membrane of Cryptococcus neoformans possess a mitogen for human T lymphocytes.
Mody CH, Wood CJ, Syme RM, Spurrell JC. Mody CH, et al. Infect Immun. 1999 Feb;67(2):936-41. doi: 10.1128/IAI.67.2.936-941.1999. Infect Immun. 1999. PMID: 9916111 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Research Materials