Identification, quantification, and relative concentrations of carotenoids and their metabolites in human milk and serum - PubMed (original) (raw)
. 1997 May 15;69(10):1873-81.
doi: 10.1021/ac961085i.
Affiliations
- PMID: 9164160
- DOI: 10.1021/ac961085i
Identification, quantification, and relative concentrations of carotenoids and their metabolites in human milk and serum
F Khachik et al. Anal Chem. 1997.
Abstract
Thirty-four carotenoids, including 13 geometrical isomers and eight metabolites, in breast milk and serum of three lactating mothers have been separated, identified, quantified, and compared by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-photodiode array (PDA) detection-mass spectrometry (MS). Among the metabolites were two oxidation products of lycopene and four of lutein/ zeaxanthin. In addition, two metabolites of lutein, formed as a result of dehydration of this dihydroxycarotenoid under acidic conditions similar to those of the stomach, have also been identified in plasma and breast milk. The oxidative metabolites of lycopene with a novel five-membered-ring end group have been identified as epimeric 2,6-cyclolycopene-1,5-diols by comparison of their HPLC-UV/visible-MS profiles with those of fully characterized (1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy) synthetic compounds. The HPLC procedures employed also detected vitamin A, two forms of vitamin E (gamma- and alpha-tocopherol), and two non-carotenoid food components, i.e., piperine and caffeine, in serum and breast milk.
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