Sarbjit Nagra | Punjabi University Patiala (original) (raw)
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Papers by Sarbjit Nagra
Online Submission, 2008
Abstract: They studied on the government non government college teachers in relation to job satis... more Abstract: They studied on the government non government college teachers in relation to job satisfaction and job stress. They collected the sample from 200 college teacher from government and non government from bathinda district (Punjab) to discover the difference ...
Journal of Education and Practice, Mar 1, 2020
Sustainable Development Goals, like previous Millennium Development Goals, put strong emphasis on... more Sustainable Development Goals, like previous Millennium Development Goals, put strong emphasis on the inclusive and quality education for all by 2030 and directed all the nation states to make concerted efforts to ensure this. Many developing countries after the endorsement of time-bound global goals regarding education has resulted in remarkable changes in their national education policy directions by making provisions of free and compulsory education for a stipulated period. However, even today, when the global development agenda is emphasizing inclusive and quality education for all at all levels, the goal of universal primary education remains elusive for many developing countries. The aim of this study was to analyze educational policy changes and progress in universal primary education in India and Sri Lanka under the influence of global policy agenda. India and Sri Lanka are two important countries in South Asian region and both are quite proactive in their efforts towards universalization of primary education. With the help of trend analysis method, it has been observed tremendous progress has been observed in the expansion of access of primary education in these countries. However, the results indicate that the performance of Sri Lanka in primary education is far better than India and India can learn a lot from the experiences of Sri Lanka. But, the high number of out of school children and poor learning outcomes in both the countries need a radical shift in the focus of the policy planning in these countries. The study is quite critical to highlight the glaring gaps in the provision of education for all in these countries and experiences of these countries can provide instructive lessons for other countries struggling with the goal of education for all.
Information and Communication technology (ICT) has an enormous impact on the lives of individuals... more Information and Communication technology (ICT) has an enormous impact on the lives of individuals, societies, industries, business, education and overall development of any nation. In this knowledge driven society, ICT is emerging as an important tool of information and learning and due to this the recent global development agenda recognizes the need of developing technical and vocational skills among youth and adults for employment, decent jobs and entrepreneurship. ICT is being used in the field of education much longer than it is usually recognized and the innovative educational programmes started with the help of ICT have proved quite successful for the expansion of education in remote areas and also for enhancing the learning of children, youth and adults in almost all the countries of the world. This article is an attempt to review the ICT based innovative programs and projects of different countries which have proved quite successful for enhancing the access of education and for promoting learning of all. In this globalized world, where the educational inequality like the other forms of inequality is rising day by day, such ICT based programs can reduce the prevalent inequalities in the access of education.
University New
Under the influence of neoliberal agenda, the Government of India has reduced its public spending... more Under the influence of neoliberal agenda, the Government of India has reduced its public spending on higher education and liberalize the growth of private sector to meet the increased demand of higher education in the country. From the year 2001, the higher education sector of India has grown up rapidly due to increase in the number of private institutions. This increase has resulted in the expansion of access of higher education and even the SC/ ST category students are catching up with rest of the population. But as compared to rest of the population, the representation of SC/ ST category, especially females from these categories, is quite less. For elementary education, the trend is just opposite as GER of SC/ST category was more than rest of population. The global politics of education has counterposed elementary education against higher education in almost all the developing countries, however, as compared to other countries, enrollments in private institutions in India are higher. And this increase in enhancing the inequality in the access of education on the basis of gender, caste, economic background etc. Higher education is a powerful tool to create a knowledge society and to improve socioeconomic equity. So, the access to higher education should be expanded by increasing public expenditure and by promoting inclusiveness with equal access for all irrespective of gender, caste, socioeconomic status, region, location and religion. It should be treated as public good and not as a non-merit good.
Issues and Ideas in Education, 2020
Background: National Education Policy 2020 aims to eliminate existing disparities in access to ed... more Background: National Education Policy 2020 aims to eliminate existing disparities in access to education for children from any gender or any under-represented group. After independence, India makes considerable strides in reducing gender gaps in education, but even today the goal of gender parity in school enrolments remains elusive. India provides Universal Elementary Education to all and this commitment has been articulated through Constitution, National Education Policies and other Innovative Programmes. All these initiatives put a strong emphasis on the education of girls and some of the programmes have been started particularly to eliminate gender gaps in school education.
Purpose: This paper is an attempt to review the Innovative Programmes started by the Government of India to redress the gender gaps in school education and also to analyze the impact of these programmes on female literacy rates and enrolment rates of girls in elementary education. Before analyzing the innovative programmes and their impact on educational statistics, the paper briefly assesses the status of education in the Constitution of India and also studies the national policy perspective regarding universal elementary education of girls in the country in order to provide a sound background to this study.
Methods: The method of document analysis for the review of policy documents and innovative programmes has been utilized and trend analysis method has been applied to study the educational statistics from the year 1950 to 2015.
Results: The female literacy rates and enrolment of girls in total enrolments for the classes VI-VIII have registered an increase after the implementation of these programmes.
Conclusions: It has been observed that these community-based programmes of the country have received a lot of international recognition for their contribution towards reducing gender gaps in elementary education. So, the experiences of these Innovative Programmes can prove quite beneficial for other countries struggling with gender gaps in school education.
Research Guru, 2020
Education is a comprehensive concept and it is concerned with the all-round development of the hu... more Education is a comprehensive concept and it is concerned with the all-round development of the human beings keeping in view their diverse capabilities. This development of human beings should be evaluated and assessed by appropriate methods covering all aspects of human development and not only judging the intellectual development as prevalent in present day examination system. The examination system in India is criticized for its defects from time to time but even today the main focus of examination system is on knowledge aspect thus ignoring the skill and attitude components. This paper contends to explore the existing defects in prevailing examination system in India and offers some practical suggestions to improve the system. The main defects highlighted by this study are emphasis on memory/rote learning, cheating, subjectivity, optional arrangement, more theoretical in nature and techniques of paper marking used by examiners. Sometimes, these defects seriously hinder the overall development of child due to undue stress. The defects need immediate and serious attention from the educational policy planners, teachers and other stakeholders of the teaching learning process. Some practical suggestions are presented to improve the existing examination system and to reduce the burden of the students.
MIER Journal of Educational Studies, Trends and Practices, 2020
Free and compulsory primary education remains a priority area in the international policy perspec... more Free and compulsory primary education remains a priority area in the international policy perspective, starting from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 to the formulation of Sustainable Development Goals in 2015. Under the impact of globalization, an impressive expansion in the access to primary education has been observed in recent decades and the global trends in enrolment rates across the developing world have attested this fact. However, many developing countries, such as India, Brazil and South Africa (IBSA), are still struggling with the goal of quality primary education for all. The IBSA countries are emerging economies and very proactive in addressing past inequalities prevalent in their countries. With the cooperation of international organizations, national policy planning and other initiatives, these countries have performed quite well in the educational attainment. But even today, these countries have not achieved the goal of quality primary education for all. This paper reviews the attainment of free and compulsory primary education in these countries, along with the challenges faced in the achievement of universal primary education. These challenges may hinder the progress of these countries towards the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal.
Authors: sarbjit kaur / dinesh kumar date:-28-7-08 abstract They studied on the government non go... more Authors: sarbjit kaur / dinesh kumar date:-28-7-08 abstract They studied on the government non government college teachers in relation to job satisfaction and job stress. They collected the sample from 200 college teacher from government and non government from bathinda district. They concluded that government College teachers are more satisfaction and non government college teachers is more stress than government teachers.
Gender equality is the view that both men and women should receive equal treatment and should not... more Gender equality is the view that both men and women should receive equal treatment and should not be discriminated on the basis of gender. Gender equality is attained when women and men enjoy the same rights and opportunities across all sectors of society. The concept of empowerment is closely related to gender equality but different from it. The core of the concept of empowerment lies in the ability of the woman to control her own destiny. Sustainable development is a paradigm for thinking about a future in which environmental, social and economic considerations are balanced in the pursuit of development and an improved quality of life. The importance of gender equality and women empowerment for the process of sustainable development is well recognized by different policies and practices at international level. This paper attempts to highlight the international efforts that recognized the role of gender equality and women empowerment for sustainable development. Various international policy interventions such as
The purpose of this paper is to analyze and explore the various factors responsible for aggressiv... more The purpose of this paper is to analyze and explore the various factors responsible for aggressive behavior and increasing demands of luxury goods among modern era youth. Youth is a period of transition from the dependence of childhood to adulthood’s independence. This transition to adulthood is quite challenging in this era as it is accompanied by many threats for the well being and social functioning of the youth. Among the so many threats we will study only about the increasing aggressive behavior and luxury demands of youth.
Teaching is a special part of education. To ensure competency in education, teacher must have ess... more Teaching is a special part of education. To ensure competency in education, teacher must have essential teaching skills. In a technology and media dominated era of education the role of teacher and there by the skills required to be mastered by each teacher need redefinition. The paper attempts to identify and explain the role of essential teaching skills, for stimulating and promoting student's intellectual and scholarly activities, by retaining the significant ones and including those necessary for present context. The skills discussed in this paper are Skill of Introduction, Questioning, Explanation, Communication, Handling of Technology, Collaboration, and Managing Distracters.
Conference Presentations by Sarbjit Nagra
A significant shift in thinking about human development has taken place with Nobel Laureate Amart... more A significant shift in thinking about human development has taken place with Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen as one its leading advocates. People are considered to be real wealth of nation. They can be transformed into Human capital with effective inputs of education, health and moral values. The transformation of raw human resource into highly productive human resource with these inputs is the process of human capital formation. This paper attempts to explain the role of human capital formation in economic and human development. The paper is divided into three sections; the first section discuss the meaning of human capital formation, in the second section the role of human capital in economic development is discussed, and the last section explain the relationship between human capital formation and human development. Human capital formation brings economic development by improving the technical and creative skills of labour force and also results in human development by enhancing the quality of life. Hence, human capital formation is considered as backbone of human development and economic prosperity.
Online Submission, 2008
Abstract: They studied on the government non government college teachers in relation to job satis... more Abstract: They studied on the government non government college teachers in relation to job satisfaction and job stress. They collected the sample from 200 college teacher from government and non government from bathinda district (Punjab) to discover the difference ...
Journal of Education and Practice, Mar 1, 2020
Sustainable Development Goals, like previous Millennium Development Goals, put strong emphasis on... more Sustainable Development Goals, like previous Millennium Development Goals, put strong emphasis on the inclusive and quality education for all by 2030 and directed all the nation states to make concerted efforts to ensure this. Many developing countries after the endorsement of time-bound global goals regarding education has resulted in remarkable changes in their national education policy directions by making provisions of free and compulsory education for a stipulated period. However, even today, when the global development agenda is emphasizing inclusive and quality education for all at all levels, the goal of universal primary education remains elusive for many developing countries. The aim of this study was to analyze educational policy changes and progress in universal primary education in India and Sri Lanka under the influence of global policy agenda. India and Sri Lanka are two important countries in South Asian region and both are quite proactive in their efforts towards universalization of primary education. With the help of trend analysis method, it has been observed tremendous progress has been observed in the expansion of access of primary education in these countries. However, the results indicate that the performance of Sri Lanka in primary education is far better than India and India can learn a lot from the experiences of Sri Lanka. But, the high number of out of school children and poor learning outcomes in both the countries need a radical shift in the focus of the policy planning in these countries. The study is quite critical to highlight the glaring gaps in the provision of education for all in these countries and experiences of these countries can provide instructive lessons for other countries struggling with the goal of education for all.
Information and Communication technology (ICT) has an enormous impact on the lives of individuals... more Information and Communication technology (ICT) has an enormous impact on the lives of individuals, societies, industries, business, education and overall development of any nation. In this knowledge driven society, ICT is emerging as an important tool of information and learning and due to this the recent global development agenda recognizes the need of developing technical and vocational skills among youth and adults for employment, decent jobs and entrepreneurship. ICT is being used in the field of education much longer than it is usually recognized and the innovative educational programmes started with the help of ICT have proved quite successful for the expansion of education in remote areas and also for enhancing the learning of children, youth and adults in almost all the countries of the world. This article is an attempt to review the ICT based innovative programs and projects of different countries which have proved quite successful for enhancing the access of education and for promoting learning of all. In this globalized world, where the educational inequality like the other forms of inequality is rising day by day, such ICT based programs can reduce the prevalent inequalities in the access of education.
University New
Under the influence of neoliberal agenda, the Government of India has reduced its public spending... more Under the influence of neoliberal agenda, the Government of India has reduced its public spending on higher education and liberalize the growth of private sector to meet the increased demand of higher education in the country. From the year 2001, the higher education sector of India has grown up rapidly due to increase in the number of private institutions. This increase has resulted in the expansion of access of higher education and even the SC/ ST category students are catching up with rest of the population. But as compared to rest of the population, the representation of SC/ ST category, especially females from these categories, is quite less. For elementary education, the trend is just opposite as GER of SC/ST category was more than rest of population. The global politics of education has counterposed elementary education against higher education in almost all the developing countries, however, as compared to other countries, enrollments in private institutions in India are higher. And this increase in enhancing the inequality in the access of education on the basis of gender, caste, economic background etc. Higher education is a powerful tool to create a knowledge society and to improve socioeconomic equity. So, the access to higher education should be expanded by increasing public expenditure and by promoting inclusiveness with equal access for all irrespective of gender, caste, socioeconomic status, region, location and religion. It should be treated as public good and not as a non-merit good.
Issues and Ideas in Education, 2020
Background: National Education Policy 2020 aims to eliminate existing disparities in access to ed... more Background: National Education Policy 2020 aims to eliminate existing disparities in access to education for children from any gender or any under-represented group. After independence, India makes considerable strides in reducing gender gaps in education, but even today the goal of gender parity in school enrolments remains elusive. India provides Universal Elementary Education to all and this commitment has been articulated through Constitution, National Education Policies and other Innovative Programmes. All these initiatives put a strong emphasis on the education of girls and some of the programmes have been started particularly to eliminate gender gaps in school education.
Purpose: This paper is an attempt to review the Innovative Programmes started by the Government of India to redress the gender gaps in school education and also to analyze the impact of these programmes on female literacy rates and enrolment rates of girls in elementary education. Before analyzing the innovative programmes and their impact on educational statistics, the paper briefly assesses the status of education in the Constitution of India and also studies the national policy perspective regarding universal elementary education of girls in the country in order to provide a sound background to this study.
Methods: The method of document analysis for the review of policy documents and innovative programmes has been utilized and trend analysis method has been applied to study the educational statistics from the year 1950 to 2015.
Results: The female literacy rates and enrolment of girls in total enrolments for the classes VI-VIII have registered an increase after the implementation of these programmes.
Conclusions: It has been observed that these community-based programmes of the country have received a lot of international recognition for their contribution towards reducing gender gaps in elementary education. So, the experiences of these Innovative Programmes can prove quite beneficial for other countries struggling with gender gaps in school education.
Research Guru, 2020
Education is a comprehensive concept and it is concerned with the all-round development of the hu... more Education is a comprehensive concept and it is concerned with the all-round development of the human beings keeping in view their diverse capabilities. This development of human beings should be evaluated and assessed by appropriate methods covering all aspects of human development and not only judging the intellectual development as prevalent in present day examination system. The examination system in India is criticized for its defects from time to time but even today the main focus of examination system is on knowledge aspect thus ignoring the skill and attitude components. This paper contends to explore the existing defects in prevailing examination system in India and offers some practical suggestions to improve the system. The main defects highlighted by this study are emphasis on memory/rote learning, cheating, subjectivity, optional arrangement, more theoretical in nature and techniques of paper marking used by examiners. Sometimes, these defects seriously hinder the overall development of child due to undue stress. The defects need immediate and serious attention from the educational policy planners, teachers and other stakeholders of the teaching learning process. Some practical suggestions are presented to improve the existing examination system and to reduce the burden of the students.
MIER Journal of Educational Studies, Trends and Practices, 2020
Free and compulsory primary education remains a priority area in the international policy perspec... more Free and compulsory primary education remains a priority area in the international policy perspective, starting from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 to the formulation of Sustainable Development Goals in 2015. Under the impact of globalization, an impressive expansion in the access to primary education has been observed in recent decades and the global trends in enrolment rates across the developing world have attested this fact. However, many developing countries, such as India, Brazil and South Africa (IBSA), are still struggling with the goal of quality primary education for all. The IBSA countries are emerging economies and very proactive in addressing past inequalities prevalent in their countries. With the cooperation of international organizations, national policy planning and other initiatives, these countries have performed quite well in the educational attainment. But even today, these countries have not achieved the goal of quality primary education for all. This paper reviews the attainment of free and compulsory primary education in these countries, along with the challenges faced in the achievement of universal primary education. These challenges may hinder the progress of these countries towards the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal.
Authors: sarbjit kaur / dinesh kumar date:-28-7-08 abstract They studied on the government non go... more Authors: sarbjit kaur / dinesh kumar date:-28-7-08 abstract They studied on the government non government college teachers in relation to job satisfaction and job stress. They collected the sample from 200 college teacher from government and non government from bathinda district. They concluded that government College teachers are more satisfaction and non government college teachers is more stress than government teachers.
Gender equality is the view that both men and women should receive equal treatment and should not... more Gender equality is the view that both men and women should receive equal treatment and should not be discriminated on the basis of gender. Gender equality is attained when women and men enjoy the same rights and opportunities across all sectors of society. The concept of empowerment is closely related to gender equality but different from it. The core of the concept of empowerment lies in the ability of the woman to control her own destiny. Sustainable development is a paradigm for thinking about a future in which environmental, social and economic considerations are balanced in the pursuit of development and an improved quality of life. The importance of gender equality and women empowerment for the process of sustainable development is well recognized by different policies and practices at international level. This paper attempts to highlight the international efforts that recognized the role of gender equality and women empowerment for sustainable development. Various international policy interventions such as
The purpose of this paper is to analyze and explore the various factors responsible for aggressiv... more The purpose of this paper is to analyze and explore the various factors responsible for aggressive behavior and increasing demands of luxury goods among modern era youth. Youth is a period of transition from the dependence of childhood to adulthood’s independence. This transition to adulthood is quite challenging in this era as it is accompanied by many threats for the well being and social functioning of the youth. Among the so many threats we will study only about the increasing aggressive behavior and luxury demands of youth.
Teaching is a special part of education. To ensure competency in education, teacher must have ess... more Teaching is a special part of education. To ensure competency in education, teacher must have essential teaching skills. In a technology and media dominated era of education the role of teacher and there by the skills required to be mastered by each teacher need redefinition. The paper attempts to identify and explain the role of essential teaching skills, for stimulating and promoting student's intellectual and scholarly activities, by retaining the significant ones and including those necessary for present context. The skills discussed in this paper are Skill of Introduction, Questioning, Explanation, Communication, Handling of Technology, Collaboration, and Managing Distracters.
A significant shift in thinking about human development has taken place with Nobel Laureate Amart... more A significant shift in thinking about human development has taken place with Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen as one its leading advocates. People are considered to be real wealth of nation. They can be transformed into Human capital with effective inputs of education, health and moral values. The transformation of raw human resource into highly productive human resource with these inputs is the process of human capital formation. This paper attempts to explain the role of human capital formation in economic and human development. The paper is divided into three sections; the first section discuss the meaning of human capital formation, in the second section the role of human capital in economic development is discussed, and the last section explain the relationship between human capital formation and human development. Human capital formation brings economic development by improving the technical and creative skills of labour force and also results in human development by enhancing the quality of life. Hence, human capital formation is considered as backbone of human development and economic prosperity.