jamshid lotfi | Queen Mary, University of London (original) (raw)

Papers by jamshid lotfi

Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences, 1980

Acta medica Iranica, 1996

... He was Abu-Ali Sina Aristotle and Leonardo De Vinci, not limited to a signle Fig. 1. Map of I... more ... He was Abu-Ali Sina Aristotle and Leonardo De Vinci, not limited to a signle Fig. 1. Map of Iran at tfic time of Avicenna&#x27;s birth better known as Avicenna in the west (Figs. ... The home town his father, Abdullah, was Balkh in present day Afghanistan. ...

archives of razi institute, Feb 1, 1978

Three cytopathic strains of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) virus were isolated from b... more Three cytopathic strains of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) virus were isolated from brain biopsies of three patients. These strains were isolated and maintained by cocultivation of infected brain cells with fresh Vero cells. The biological characteristics of two strains were studied. It was found tha these strains remain cell-associated after repeated cocultivations with Vero cells and produce plaques under fluid medium or tragacanth overlay. The correlation with measles virus was demonstrated by the plaque reduction test as weil as by the immunofluorescence test. Large numbers of nucleocapsids were observed in the cytoplasm of infected cells but none in nuclei. Intracerebral inoculation of monkeys, adult guinea pigs, newborn and adult hamsters or mice was followed by acute encephalitis and death.

Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 2001

The study was conducted to determine the clinical pattern and etiology of cerebral venous thrombo... more The study was conducted to determine the clinical pattern and etiology of cerebral venous thrombosis in Iran. Records of all adult patients admitted with a clinical diagnosis and MRI of cerebral venous thrombosis from 1993 through 1999 in three major hospitals of Tehran, Iran were reviewed. Fifty patients (39 women, 11 men) aged 14 to 56 years were identified. Headache the most frequent and often the earliest symptom, was encountered in 82 percent and papilledema, the most frequent sign in 56 percent of cases. Infection was the cause of cerebral venous thrombosis in 26 percent of our cases. Other causes included oral contraceptive (32 percent), vasculitis (6 percent), Behcet's disease (4 percent), postpartum state (4 percent), myeloproliferative disease (2 percent), ulcerative colitis (2 percent), antithrombin III deficiency (2 percent) and diabetic ketoacidosis (2 percent). Oral contraceptive was recognized as the most common etiology. Infection is an important cause whereas procoagulation disorders are uncommon.

archives of razi institute, Feb 1, 1984

Journal of Neurology, Sep 1, 1979

... I. Derakhshan, A. Shafii, J. Lotfi, K. Abbassioun, and JJ Scillian Departments of Neurology a... more ... I. Derakhshan, A. Shafii, J. Lotfi, K. Abbassioun, and JJ Scillian Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Dariush-Kabir Medical ... Address for offprint requests: Dr. Iraj Derakhshan, Neurology Department, University of Cincin-nati, College of Medicine, 4010 Medical Science ...

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, Feb 1, 1979

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most frequent demyelinating disease of the central n... more Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most frequent demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that makes different symptoms; the most disabling symptom of which is speech impairment that has significant effect on patients' quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of speech impairment and its influential factors among Iranian patients afflicted with MS. Methods and Materials: The records of 4553 patients registered in Iranian MS Society between 1998 and 2005 were studied and 3165 of them with complete profiles about speech impairments were included. Analyzing the data, SPSS software version 15 was used. Results: Speech impairment was seen in 37.4% of patients. The frequency of this impairment was higher among male (P<0.001), unemployed (P<0.05), and with lower educational level patients (P<0.001). Also patients with speech impairment had a higher mean age (P<0.001). The frequency of patients with speech impairment in relapsing remitting, secondary progressive, and primary progressive MS, in contrast with patients without this impairment was lower, higher, and higher respectively (P<0.001). The mean age of onset of patients with speech impairment was higher (P<0.05). Speech impairment was more frequent among patients with onset symptoms of motor or balance impairment (P<0.05) and less frequent in patients with onset symptoms of sensory impairment (P<0.001). Conclusion: The frequency of speech impairment was higher among Iranian patients compared with previous studies in western countries. The impairment was more frequent among male, unemployed, with lower educational level, and older patients and also among patents who were in progressive forms of MS, with higher mean age of onset and patients with onset symptoms of motor or balance impairment.

Background: Wilson's disease (WD) is a treatable autosomal recessive metab... more Background: Wilson's disease (WD) is a treatable autosomal recessive metabolic disorder which could lead to protean hepatic or neurologic manifestations. WD could mimic many neurologic disorders and is often diagnosed with a long delay. This study describes central nervous system manifestations of a group of Iranian patients with neurologic WD. Methods: Data from case records of patients with neurologic WD presenting at a referral university hospital and a private clinic in Tehran from 1984 to 2004 were analyzed. Results: Fifty patients from 44 unrelated families with WD were identified, whose mean duration of follow-up was 51.8 (±58.5) months. The median age of onset of neurologic symptoms in 37 patients with primary neurologic or simultaneous hepatic-neurologic presentation was 16 (10–38) years, whereas in 13 patients with prior hepatic damage, this was 18.5 (11–34) years. The 6 most common manifestations were dysarthria (80%), drooling (48%), tremor in limbs (44%), abnormal gait (44%), psychiatric and/or sleep symptoms (44%), and dystonia in limbs (42%). Conclusion: Neurologic WD has heterogeneous manifestations and should be considered in young patients presenting with dysarthria, drooling, any kind of movement disorders or psychiatric symptoms.

Acta medica Iranica, 1999

Detection and modification of the risk factors of stroke may be the most effective strategy for p... more Detection and modification of the risk factors of stroke may be the most effective strategy for preventing its often irreversible consequences. A longitudinal prospective study was implemented to evaluate the effect of several risk factors on the course of cerebrovascular disease. The study groups were composed of 3S8 normal volunteers, and 308 patients with transient ischemic attacks. The two groups were followed for 4.2 (. 3.3) and 2.S years, respectively. Endpoints were defined as the occurrence of the following: transient ischemic attacks, stroke, multii-infarct dementia, dementia of the Alzheimer's type, or death. .Stroke and death were 2.5 times more frequent in the second group. Hypertension was the single predictor of reaching the endpoints (P<0.014). By excluding the cases with dementia of Ahheimers type, no single predictor could be identified. This study suggests that ischemic events arc significantly more frequent inpatients with transient ischemic attacks. A dich...

F1000Research, Aug 27, 2013

PubMed, 1989

The nervous system is particularly susceptible to the harmful effects of alcohol. These include W... more The nervous system is particularly susceptible to the harmful effects of alcohol. These include Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, which is related to thiamine deficiency secondary to chronic alcohol abuse. Other neurotoxic effects of alcohol with cognitive impairments include delirium tremens, alcoholic seizures or "rum fits," and alcoholic neuropathies. It has become recognized in recent years that alcohol and its metabolites directly damage the nervous system even in the absence of nutritional deficiencies. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements provide a noninvasive indirect monitor of cerebral metabolic activity. It has been shown conclusively that CBF measured by the 133Xe inhalation method is decreased in chronic alcoholism, correlating well with the amount of alcohol consumed. With abstinence, CBF returns toward normal levels provided the neurotoxic effects of chronic alcoholism are of recent onset. Clinical and pathological studies show significant loss of brain volume with ventricular dilatation after alcohol abuse even among young "social" drinkers. This toxic effect of alcohol is accompanied by varying degrees of cognitive impairments ranging from slight memory loss to frank dementia. Both the decrease in brain volume and the cognitive impairments, which occur with or without nutritional deficiency, are to a large extent reversible with abstinence and nutritional supplementation. Alcohol appears to accelerate age-related declines in CBF while nutritional deficiencies enhance the neurotoxic effects of alcohol. Measurements of local CBF (LCBF) and partition coefficients (L lambda) in deep cerebral structures, including the hypothalamus, thalamus, forebrain nuclei, and limbic system, can be achieved utilizing three-dimensional methods after inhalation of stable xenon as a contrast medium combined with serial computed tomographic imaging of the brain. Among chronic alcoholics, there are significant and diffuse reductions in cortical and subcortical gray matter CBF that are especially remarkable in hypothalamus and substantia innominata, which includes the nucleus basalis of Meynert, a major source of cholinergic input to neocortex and hippocampus. Reductions in LCBF are measurable in cognitively impaired patients with and without Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Reductions of CBF include white matter and are more severe in patients with Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Both types of encephalopathy improve with treatment, but recovery is usually more rapid and complete if nutritional deficiency is absent. Alcohol also appears to be a risk factor for stroke, possibly by depleting neuronal reserves and unfavorably influencing cardiovascular risks.

European Neurology, 2010

Background: Iran was formerly considered to be located in a low prevalence zone for multiple scle... more Background: Iran was formerly considered to be located in a low prevalence zone for multiple sclerosis (MS). During the last decade the number of patients has increased. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of MS in the capital city of the country. Methods: We re-evaluated the files of all patients who had registered at the Iranian Multiple Sclerosis Society during a 10-year period. Results: 8,146 patients (72.3% female, 27.7% male) with a female-to-male ratio of 2.60 had registered. Mean age of disease onset was 27.24 (SD: 8.32). A relapsing-remitting pattern was recognized in 84.9% of the patients. The number of new registrations tripled from 2002 to 2008 and the female-to-male ratio increased from 2 to 3.12. The prevalence of MS in Tehran is estimated to be at least 51.9 per 100,000. Visual impairment was the main presenting symptom. Conclusions: It seems that the prevalence of MS has increased to a medium-to-high risk level in Iran. The mean age of onset was similar to other studies but the calculated prevalence of early onset MS was increased. The cumulative data indicates that the female-to-male ratio is increasing annually.