Gordon Bear | Ramapo College of New Jersey (original) (raw)

Papers by Gordon Bear

International Review for the Sociology of Sport, Dec 1, 1999

Abstract We inspected over 4000 baseball cards every fifth season from 1952 through 1987. We foun... more Abstract We inspected over 4000 baseball cards every fifth season from 1952 through 1987. We found that among whites, pitchers and catchers were overrepresented and fielders were underrepresented, whereas the opposite pattern occurred among blacks. Among Latinos, ...

Memory & Cognition, May 1, 1974

A model is advanced for the process of explanation, according to which (a) an event to be explain... more A model is advanced for the process of explanation, according to which (a) an event to be explained is understood to be a value on a particular dimension of variation; (b) a circumstance believed to explain the event is understood to be a value on another dimension of variation; (c) the two dimensions are understood to be related such that the dimension whose value is to be explained is more likely to take that value when the dimension of circumstance takes its obtaining value than when the dimension of circumstance takes an alternative value. Evidence for the model is reported from a study in which Ss made two judgments about a human action-which of two statements of circumstance specifying alternative values for a certain dimension was the better explanation for the action, and which of the same two statements described the case in which the action, or for certain items the opposite action, was more likely to occur. For each of five different actions, the judgments were significantly related as required by the model.

Teaching of Psychology, Oct 1, 1992

A humorous slip of the tongue affords a vivid introduction to theories of the mind. Interpretatio... more A humorous slip of the tongue affords a vivid introduction to theories of the mind. Interpretations offered here derive from classic Freudian thinking, a contemporary psychodynamic perspective, and two cognitive models that view the slip as unmotivated.

Behavior Research Methods Instruments & Computers, Jun 1, 1995

Computationally intensive methods of statistical inference do not fit the current canon of pedago... more Computationally intensive methods of statistical inference do not fit the current canon of pedagogy in statistics. To accommodate these methods and the logic underlying them, I propose seven pedagogical principles: (1) Define inferential statistics as techniques for reckoning with chance. (2) Distinguish three types of research: sample surveys, in which statistics affords generalization from the cases studied; experiments, in which statistics detects systematic differences among the batches of data obtained in the several conditions; and correlational studies, in which statistics detects systematic associations between variables. (3) Teach random-sampling theory in the context of sample surveys, augmenting the conventional treatment with bootstrapping. Regarding experimentation, (4) note that random assignment fosters internal but not external validity, (5) explain the general logic for testing a null model, and (6) teach randomization tests as well as t, F, and X 2 • (7) Regarding correlational studies, acknowledge the problems of applying inferential statistics in the absence of deliberately introduced randomness.

Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 1995

35 young adults judged newborns ’ faces depicted in photographs. The 22 infants widely varied in ... more 35 young adults judged newborns ’ faces depicted in photographs. The 22 infants widely varied in the Ponderal Index (PI), a measure of soft-tissue development. In both linear and quadratic analyses of both the adults ’ mean judgments and the adult-by-adult data, PI proved to be unrelated to scales measuring the adults’ nurturance for, aversion to, and confidence in their ability to care for the infant. The extra risk of neglect incurred by low- and high-PI infants is apparently not due to anything about their facial appearance. The Ponderal Index (PI), a measure of soft-tissue development, has been used for decades in research on the human neonate (Lubchenco, Hansman, & Boyd, 1966; Miller & Hassanein, 1971). Infants with unusually low PIs are underweight for their length (skinny); those with unusually high PIs are overweight (plump); both extremes are at risk for morbidity and neglect by caregivers (Huntington, Hans, & Zeskind, 1990; Zeskind & Ramey, 1978, 1981; Zeskind & Lester, 19...

35 young adults judged newborns’ faces depicted in photographs. The 22 infants widely varied in t... more 35 young adults judged newborns’ faces depicted in photographs. The 22 infants widely varied in the Ponderal Index (PI), a measure of soft-tissue development. In both linear and quadratic analyses of both the adults’ mean judgments and the adult-by-adult data, PI proved to be unrelated to scales measuring the adults’ nurturance for, aversion to, and confidence in their ability to care for the infant. The extra risk of neglect incurred by lowand high-PI infants is apparently not due to anything about their facial appearance.

International Review For the Sociology of Sport, 1999

Teaching of Psychology, 1992

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1975

Following theorizing advanced by R. P. Abelson (1968) and others, it is suggested that balanced i... more Following theorizing advanced by R. P. Abelson (1968) and others, it is suggested that balanced information confirms a general rule or "implicational principle" which the S applies to the information, that imbalanced information contradicts such a principle, and that the phenomena observed in the cognition of balanced and imbalanced information are merely special cases of more general processes in which the S apprehends information describing a specific state of affairs by means of a broader rule. In accord with this theorizing, after 96 undergraduates learned an artificial implicational principle and studied items describing specific cases, items that confirmed the principle behaved like balanced information and items that contradicted the principle behaved like imbalanced information: confirmatory items were more likely to be recalled accurately than contradictory items were; contradictory items were more likely to be recalled as confirmatory than vice versa; and missing information was more likely to be fabricated as confirmatory than as contradictory. Data are also reported on items irrelevant to the S's principle and on the effects of mismatch between the format of the principle and the format of the item. (24 ref)

International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 1999

We inspected over 4000 baseball cards every fifth season from 1952 through 1987. We found that am... more We inspected over 4000 baseball cards every fifth season from 1952 through 1987. We found that among whites, pitchers and catchers were overrepresented and fielders were underrepresented, whereas the opposite pattern occurred among blacks. Among Latinos, pitchers were under-represented (a new finding) and shortstops were overrepresented. Contrary to claims that segregation by playing position changed during the years we studied,

Journal of Social, Evolutionary, and Cultural Psychology, 2012

2011 was a year that saw big changes for the Journal of Social, Evolutionary, and Cultural Psycho... more 2011 was a year that saw big changes for the Journal of Social, Evolutionary, and Cultural Psychology. The editorial process was revised, adding a team of associate editors and a book review editor to serve alongside the editor-in-chief. I thank Benjamin Crosier, Andrew Gallup, Daniel Glass, Satoshi Kanazawa, Tami Meredith, Daniel O'Brien, and Becky Phillips-DeZalia for continuing to make JSEC a success. Their dedication to the mission and quality of the journal is truly unsurpassable. ... In addition to their service, we take this ...

Memory & Cognition, 1974

Perception & Psychophysics, 1973