Igor Ignatchenko | Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (original) (raw)
Papers by Igor Ignatchenko
Исторический журнал: научные исследования / Istoricheskij zhurnal: nauchnye issledovaniya [Historical Journal: scientific research], 2023
Предметом исследования являются политические взгляды и деятельность Жюля Фавра как представителя ... more Предметом исследования являются политические взгляды и
деятельность Жюля Фавра как представителя республиканского течения общественно-
политической мысли во Франции XIX века. Жюль Фавр (1809-1880) – один из отцов-
основателей Третьей республики во Франции, заложившей прочные основы
республиканской традиции в этом государстве. В статье Ж. Фавр рассматривается как
видный деятель республиканского движения во Франции XIX века, сыгравший важную
роль в борьбе за утверждение республиканского строя во Франции в этот период.
Данная статья опирается на широкий круг источников: различные выступления и
сочинения Ж. Фавра, а также воспоминания, дневники и переписка его современников.
Научная новизна состоит в том, что в отечественной историографии до сих пор не
появилось специального исследования, посвященного политическим взглядам и
деятельности Ж. Фавра. В результате исследования автор пришел к следующим
выводам. Июльская революция 1830 г. во Франции оказала большое влияние на
формирование политических взглядов Фавра. В годы Второй республики Фавр занял
важное место среди умеренных «синих» республиканцев, связывавших будущее
республики с генералом Кавеньяком. В статье опровергается утвердившаяся в
отечественной историографии точка зрения о том, что Эмиль Оливье с самого начала
возглавлял либеральную «пятерку» оппозиционных депутатов в годы Второй империи. В
статье показано, что стратегические ошибки, допущенные на посту министра
иностранных дел правительства Национальной обороны во время переговоров с
бисмарковской Пруссией, подвели черту под политической карьерой Фавра и создали
отчасти негативный образ этого политика в историографии.
Вопросы истории / Voprosy istorii [History issues], 2024
The article analyzes the important role that Leon Gambetta played in the struggle of parliamentar... more The article analyzes the important role that Leon Gambetta played in the struggle of parliamentary groups for the full-fledged establishment of the republican system in France in the 1870s. The research concludes that L. Gambetta was as a progressist, who advocated an evolutionary, not a revolutionary way of the development of France.
Вопросы истории / Voprosy istorii [History issues], 2015
Адольф Тьер - одна из наиболее ярких фигур в истории Франции XIX века. Крупный политик своего вре... more Адольф Тьер - одна из наиболее ярких фигур в истории Франции XIX века. Крупный политик своего времени, либерал по убеждениям, он был также историком, журналистом, ценителем искусства и предприимчивым буржуа. Он являлся видным деятелем либерального движения во Франции, которое сыграло колоссальную роль в становлении общественного самосознания. Приняв самое активное участие в Июльской революции 1830 г. во Франции, Тьер очень быстро превратился в ведущего политика. Дважды (в 1836 и 1840 гг.) он становился председателем кабинета министров, на протяжении 30-х гг. XIX в. не раз возглавлял различные министерства Июльской монархии. Однако главную роль он сыграл гораздо позднее в начале 70-х годов XIX в., когда во время немецкой оккупации Франции возглавил страну и поднял ее из руин. В 1871 г. Адольф Тьер стал одним из основоположников и первым президентом Третьей республики. Однако вместе с тем, палач Парижской коммуны, «кровавый карлик» Тьер оказался персоной «нон грата» в советской историографии. Мнение советских историков всецело основывалось на уничижительных оценках, данных Тьеру Карлом Марксом в его знаменитой работе «Гражданская война во Франции», которая являлась своеобразным политическим памфлетом, направленным против Адольфа Тьера. В результате советские историки выносили ему только негативные оценки.
Исторические исследования. 2019. №14. С. 115-122. , 2019
The article examines the actions of the official authorities during the revolutions of 1830 and 1... more The article examines the actions of the official authorities during the revolutions of 1830 and 1848 in France and the reasons for their defeat. Having at its disposal a large number of troops, the regular army and the Royal guard, the government, however, lost the conflict with the crowd. The article identifies a set of factors that influenced this outcome of the conflict.
Новая и новейшая история. 2019. №2. С. 3-13, 2019
The article is devoted to the personality of a famous French historian and statesman of the 19th ... more The article is devoted to the personality of a famous French historian and statesman of the 19th century Jean Victor Duruy and analyzes his reformatory activities as Minister of Education in the years of the Second Empire, as well as the evolution of socio-political views.
Свободная мысль. 2018. №5. С. 173-185. , 2018
The article shows the evolution of views and judgements of the French liberal and famous politici... more The article shows the evolution of views and judgements of the French liberal and famous politician of the XIX century Adolphe Thiers in world and Russian historiography. Adolphe Thiers acts as an extremely controversial figure in the French history of the XIX century and clearly divides French citizens on left and right. Besides, much attention is paid to the image of Thiers in French school textbooks of XIX and XX centuries.
Шаги / Steps. 2018. Том 4. №2. С. 80-92. , 2018
The article analyses the views of the eminent French and international public activist of the 19t... more The article analyses the views of the eminent French
and international public activist of the 19th century, Baron Pierre
de Coubertin, and considers his contribution to the development of
the international Olympic movement. De Coubertin’s activities are
placed within a wider context of bloc confrontations of the last third
of the 19th century; in particular, the article shows the influence of
the international situation on the evolution of the French baron’s
views. Considerable attention is paid to identifying the key ideas
of de Coubertin concerning the future development of the Olympic
movement. Pierre de Coubertin can be called a follower of the
ideas of 14th–15th century Italian humanists. Throughout his life,
this French aristocrat believed in progress, in the vast potential
and possibilities of man. The fundamental aim of the humanist
Coubertin was to achieve mutual understanding between nations
through sport competitions and education.
200 лет Венской системе: проект и практика европейской дипломатии: материалы IX конвента РАМИ. М., 2016 , 2016
The Vienna system of international relations established at the Congress of Vienna in 1814-1815, ... more The Vienna system of international relations established at the
Congress of Vienna in 1814-1815, was a challenge for the French political
elite during subsequent decades. France was a defeated party and was thus morally humiliated. The objective of all the French governments since 1815 was to improve the position of France in this new system of international relations, if necessary even by means of its destabilization and destruction.
After the July revolution 1830 the foreign policy of France became more
active. Leading French politicians strongly defended the idea of exclusive
spheres of influence of France, and in 1832 French troops invaded Central
Italy, occupying the city of Ancona. In 1840, during the second Oriental
crisis, the French government stood in opposition to the rest of Europe for the first time since the Napoleonic wars. Ultimately, France gave up some of its strategic positions in the Middle East. Still, the international crisis
contributed much to the improvement of the French Army and Navy. It was
the later period of the Second Empire, which proved to be happier for the
French diplomacy. By winning, in particular, the Crimean war and by taking
an active part in the Italian unification France raised significantly its
international status.
Новая и новейшая история. 2017. №1. , 2017
The article discusses the action of the Royal troops during the July revolution of 1830 in France... more The article discusses the action of the Royal troops during the July revolution of 1830 in France, explores the reasons why Charles X lost the French crown and was forced to pass the throne to a more liberal Prince of the house of Orleans Louis-Philippe.
Вестник МГИМО-Университета. № 6 (45) 2015. , 2015
The Vienna system of international relations established at the Congress of Vienna in 1814-1815, ... more The Vienna system of international relations established at the Congress of Vienna in 1814-1815, was a real challenge for the French political elite during all subsequent decades. France was a defeated party and was thus morally humiliated. The objective for all French governments after 1815 was to improve the position of France in this new system of international relations, including due to the destabilization and breaking of the Vienna system. In the years of the Restoration in France (1814-1830) a major foreign policy action of the government of Louis XVIII was the intervention in Spain in 1823, which refers to the Spanish revolution of 1820-1823. The French government, reflecting the interests of the European reaction, had hoped to raise these military prestige of France, and consequently to raise the question of the revision of the treatises of Vienna of 1815. Despite the success of the intervention, she has not brought the big political dividends in France. After the July revolution 1830 in France, the foreign policy of France intensified.
Французский ежегодник. 2014. Том 2. Франция и Восток. М., 2014., 2014
The article analyses the foreign policy views and activities of a great French politician and lib... more The article analyses the foreign policy views and activities of a great French politician and liberal activist of the XIX century Adolphe Thiers in the Middle East and Northern Africa. Thiers’ political actions as Minister of Foreign affairs is inserted into a wider context of the Anglo-French rivalry in the Mediterranean in the XIX century. Great attention is paid to the revelation of the French instruments of influence in the region and Thiers’ approaches to the problem of the Anglo-French rivalry in the Mediterranean Sea. The possible causes of Thiers’ interest to the region and the evolution of his foreign policy views are studied. Oriental crisis of 1840, when Thiers was the head of the government, is considered within the framework of this evolution of views.
Новая и новейшая история. 2012. №.4. , 2012
he article is devoted to fight of the European powers for influence in the Middle East in connect... more he article is devoted to fight of the European powers for influence in the Middle East in connection with the Turkish-Egyptian conflict, in particular is considered the policy of the prime minister and the Minister of Foreign Affairs of France Louis-Adolphe Thiers in the second East crisis of 1839-1841.
Новая и новейшая история. 2010. №5., 2010
The article is devoted to a policy of the French government of. A. Thiers concerning events in Sp... more The article is devoted to a policy of the French government of. A. Thiers concerning events in Spain of the period by the first Carlist War 1833-1839.
Вестник Московского университета. Серия 8. История. 2009. №6. , 2009
This article deals with the development of political concepts of an outstanding 19th century Fren... more This article deals with the development of political concepts of an outstanding 19th century French liberal thinker Adolphe Thiers. The author also examines Thiers' views on the 1830 French Revolution, July monarchy, its international and domestic policy. His attitude to political opposition to the new regime, to electoral system and principles of French parliamentary monarchy is also studied.
Исторический журнал: научные исследования / Istoricheskij zhurnal: nauchnye issledovaniya [Historical Journal: scientific research], 2023
Предметом исследования являются политические взгляды и деятельность Жюля Фавра как представителя ... more Предметом исследования являются политические взгляды и
деятельность Жюля Фавра как представителя республиканского течения общественно-
политической мысли во Франции XIX века. Жюль Фавр (1809-1880) – один из отцов-
основателей Третьей республики во Франции, заложившей прочные основы
республиканской традиции в этом государстве. В статье Ж. Фавр рассматривается как
видный деятель республиканского движения во Франции XIX века, сыгравший важную
роль в борьбе за утверждение республиканского строя во Франции в этот период.
Данная статья опирается на широкий круг источников: различные выступления и
сочинения Ж. Фавра, а также воспоминания, дневники и переписка его современников.
Научная новизна состоит в том, что в отечественной историографии до сих пор не
появилось специального исследования, посвященного политическим взглядам и
деятельности Ж. Фавра. В результате исследования автор пришел к следующим
выводам. Июльская революция 1830 г. во Франции оказала большое влияние на
формирование политических взглядов Фавра. В годы Второй республики Фавр занял
важное место среди умеренных «синих» республиканцев, связывавших будущее
республики с генералом Кавеньяком. В статье опровергается утвердившаяся в
отечественной историографии точка зрения о том, что Эмиль Оливье с самого начала
возглавлял либеральную «пятерку» оппозиционных депутатов в годы Второй империи. В
статье показано, что стратегические ошибки, допущенные на посту министра
иностранных дел правительства Национальной обороны во время переговоров с
бисмарковской Пруссией, подвели черту под политической карьерой Фавра и создали
отчасти негативный образ этого политика в историографии.
Вопросы истории / Voprosy istorii [History issues], 2024
The article analyzes the important role that Leon Gambetta played in the struggle of parliamentar... more The article analyzes the important role that Leon Gambetta played in the struggle of parliamentary groups for the full-fledged establishment of the republican system in France in the 1870s. The research concludes that L. Gambetta was as a progressist, who advocated an evolutionary, not a revolutionary way of the development of France.
Вопросы истории / Voprosy istorii [History issues], 2015
Адольф Тьер - одна из наиболее ярких фигур в истории Франции XIX века. Крупный политик своего вре... more Адольф Тьер - одна из наиболее ярких фигур в истории Франции XIX века. Крупный политик своего времени, либерал по убеждениям, он был также историком, журналистом, ценителем искусства и предприимчивым буржуа. Он являлся видным деятелем либерального движения во Франции, которое сыграло колоссальную роль в становлении общественного самосознания. Приняв самое активное участие в Июльской революции 1830 г. во Франции, Тьер очень быстро превратился в ведущего политика. Дважды (в 1836 и 1840 гг.) он становился председателем кабинета министров, на протяжении 30-х гг. XIX в. не раз возглавлял различные министерства Июльской монархии. Однако главную роль он сыграл гораздо позднее в начале 70-х годов XIX в., когда во время немецкой оккупации Франции возглавил страну и поднял ее из руин. В 1871 г. Адольф Тьер стал одним из основоположников и первым президентом Третьей республики. Однако вместе с тем, палач Парижской коммуны, «кровавый карлик» Тьер оказался персоной «нон грата» в советской историографии. Мнение советских историков всецело основывалось на уничижительных оценках, данных Тьеру Карлом Марксом в его знаменитой работе «Гражданская война во Франции», которая являлась своеобразным политическим памфлетом, направленным против Адольфа Тьера. В результате советские историки выносили ему только негативные оценки.
Исторические исследования. 2019. №14. С. 115-122. , 2019
The article examines the actions of the official authorities during the revolutions of 1830 and 1... more The article examines the actions of the official authorities during the revolutions of 1830 and 1848 in France and the reasons for their defeat. Having at its disposal a large number of troops, the regular army and the Royal guard, the government, however, lost the conflict with the crowd. The article identifies a set of factors that influenced this outcome of the conflict.
Новая и новейшая история. 2019. №2. С. 3-13, 2019
The article is devoted to the personality of a famous French historian and statesman of the 19th ... more The article is devoted to the personality of a famous French historian and statesman of the 19th century Jean Victor Duruy and analyzes his reformatory activities as Minister of Education in the years of the Second Empire, as well as the evolution of socio-political views.
Свободная мысль. 2018. №5. С. 173-185. , 2018
The article shows the evolution of views and judgements of the French liberal and famous politici... more The article shows the evolution of views and judgements of the French liberal and famous politician of the XIX century Adolphe Thiers in world and Russian historiography. Adolphe Thiers acts as an extremely controversial figure in the French history of the XIX century and clearly divides French citizens on left and right. Besides, much attention is paid to the image of Thiers in French school textbooks of XIX and XX centuries.
Шаги / Steps. 2018. Том 4. №2. С. 80-92. , 2018
The article analyses the views of the eminent French and international public activist of the 19t... more The article analyses the views of the eminent French
and international public activist of the 19th century, Baron Pierre
de Coubertin, and considers his contribution to the development of
the international Olympic movement. De Coubertin’s activities are
placed within a wider context of bloc confrontations of the last third
of the 19th century; in particular, the article shows the influence of
the international situation on the evolution of the French baron’s
views. Considerable attention is paid to identifying the key ideas
of de Coubertin concerning the future development of the Olympic
movement. Pierre de Coubertin can be called a follower of the
ideas of 14th–15th century Italian humanists. Throughout his life,
this French aristocrat believed in progress, in the vast potential
and possibilities of man. The fundamental aim of the humanist
Coubertin was to achieve mutual understanding between nations
through sport competitions and education.
200 лет Венской системе: проект и практика европейской дипломатии: материалы IX конвента РАМИ. М., 2016 , 2016
The Vienna system of international relations established at the Congress of Vienna in 1814-1815, ... more The Vienna system of international relations established at the
Congress of Vienna in 1814-1815, was a challenge for the French political
elite during subsequent decades. France was a defeated party and was thus morally humiliated. The objective of all the French governments since 1815 was to improve the position of France in this new system of international relations, if necessary even by means of its destabilization and destruction.
After the July revolution 1830 the foreign policy of France became more
active. Leading French politicians strongly defended the idea of exclusive
spheres of influence of France, and in 1832 French troops invaded Central
Italy, occupying the city of Ancona. In 1840, during the second Oriental
crisis, the French government stood in opposition to the rest of Europe for the first time since the Napoleonic wars. Ultimately, France gave up some of its strategic positions in the Middle East. Still, the international crisis
contributed much to the improvement of the French Army and Navy. It was
the later period of the Second Empire, which proved to be happier for the
French diplomacy. By winning, in particular, the Crimean war and by taking
an active part in the Italian unification France raised significantly its
international status.
Новая и новейшая история. 2017. №1. , 2017
The article discusses the action of the Royal troops during the July revolution of 1830 in France... more The article discusses the action of the Royal troops during the July revolution of 1830 in France, explores the reasons why Charles X lost the French crown and was forced to pass the throne to a more liberal Prince of the house of Orleans Louis-Philippe.
Вестник МГИМО-Университета. № 6 (45) 2015. , 2015
The Vienna system of international relations established at the Congress of Vienna in 1814-1815, ... more The Vienna system of international relations established at the Congress of Vienna in 1814-1815, was a real challenge for the French political elite during all subsequent decades. France was a defeated party and was thus morally humiliated. The objective for all French governments after 1815 was to improve the position of France in this new system of international relations, including due to the destabilization and breaking of the Vienna system. In the years of the Restoration in France (1814-1830) a major foreign policy action of the government of Louis XVIII was the intervention in Spain in 1823, which refers to the Spanish revolution of 1820-1823. The French government, reflecting the interests of the European reaction, had hoped to raise these military prestige of France, and consequently to raise the question of the revision of the treatises of Vienna of 1815. Despite the success of the intervention, she has not brought the big political dividends in France. After the July revolution 1830 in France, the foreign policy of France intensified.
Французский ежегодник. 2014. Том 2. Франция и Восток. М., 2014., 2014
The article analyses the foreign policy views and activities of a great French politician and lib... more The article analyses the foreign policy views and activities of a great French politician and liberal activist of the XIX century Adolphe Thiers in the Middle East and Northern Africa. Thiers’ political actions as Minister of Foreign affairs is inserted into a wider context of the Anglo-French rivalry in the Mediterranean in the XIX century. Great attention is paid to the revelation of the French instruments of influence in the region and Thiers’ approaches to the problem of the Anglo-French rivalry in the Mediterranean Sea. The possible causes of Thiers’ interest to the region and the evolution of his foreign policy views are studied. Oriental crisis of 1840, when Thiers was the head of the government, is considered within the framework of this evolution of views.
Новая и новейшая история. 2012. №.4. , 2012
he article is devoted to fight of the European powers for influence in the Middle East in connect... more he article is devoted to fight of the European powers for influence in the Middle East in connection with the Turkish-Egyptian conflict, in particular is considered the policy of the prime minister and the Minister of Foreign Affairs of France Louis-Adolphe Thiers in the second East crisis of 1839-1841.
Новая и новейшая история. 2010. №5., 2010
The article is devoted to a policy of the French government of. A. Thiers concerning events in Sp... more The article is devoted to a policy of the French government of. A. Thiers concerning events in Spain of the period by the first Carlist War 1833-1839.
Вестник Московского университета. Серия 8. История. 2009. №6. , 2009
This article deals with the development of political concepts of an outstanding 19th century Fren... more This article deals with the development of political concepts of an outstanding 19th century French liberal thinker Adolphe Thiers. The author also examines Thiers' views on the 1830 French Revolution, July monarchy, its international and domestic policy. His attitude to political opposition to the new regime, to electoral system and principles of French parliamentary monarchy is also studied.