Sergey Konovalov | Russian Academy of Sciences 1 (original) (raw)
Papers by Sergey Konovalov
The features of seasonal changes in physical (moisture, granulometric composition) and chemical (... more The features of seasonal changes in physical (moisture, granulometric composition) and chemical (organic carbon content and carbonate content) characteristics of the bottom sediments in the region of the coastal methane seeps in the southern sector of the Tarkhankut Peninsula are investigated. It is shown that the bottom sediments of the region under study are represented by fine- and mediumgrained sand containing inclusions of aleurite-pelitic silts and shell detritus. The obtained in situ data on the content and vertical distribution of Corg and CaCO3 in the bottom sediments make it possible to examine the intra-annual dynamics of the basic geochemical parameters in the areas of the methane gas hydrates and to assess influence of the methane seeps upon the geochemical structure of the bottom sediments. The values obtained for the period under investigation can be divided into three parts: before formation of the bacterial mass (May), the period of maximum formation of mat (June – September), the time of destruction of the mat structures (November). It is shown that in May before the
mat structures are formed, the Corg content in the surface 0–2 cm layer is low (0.5 %), in June it increases up to 15.5 %, then decreases to 9.7 % in September and to 2.3 % in November. In the surface layer, the CaCO3 content is maximal in late May (93.5 %); during the mat formation in June it decreases to 16.6 % and then grows from 23.5 to 49.1 % in August – November, respectively. Being analyzed, the data on vertical distribution of the geochemical characteristics under study show that accumulations of the bacterial mats affect the intra-annual variation of the above-mentioned parameters.
В работе представлены результаты изучения неорганической составляющей цикла углерода и его трансф... more В работе представлены результаты изучения неорганической составляющей цикла углерода и его трансформации в Севастопольской бухте (Черное море) на основе экспедиционных данных за 2009 – 2015 гг. Полученные результаты показывают незначительную тенденцию к увеличению общего растворенного неорганического углерода (~1%), что может указывать на способность экосистемы бухты к «самовосстановлению». Однако представленный существенный рост парциального давления углекислого газа в придонном и поверхностном слоях бухты (до 23%) свидетельствует о негативных изменениях, приводящих к трансформации цикла углерода. Тем не менее, в настоящее время воды Севастопольской бухты продолжают находиться в состоянии инвазии (поглощения углекислого газа из атмосферы), но, согласно
проведенным расчетам, наблюдается тенденция к снижению величины потока и существует вероятность смены к 2018 г. инвазии на эвазию (выделение углекислого газа в атмосферу).
The results of studies of the carbon cycle inorganic component and its transformation in the Seva... more The results of studies of the carbon cycle inorganic component and its transformation in the Sevastopol Bay (The Black Sea) based on the data obtained in the expeditions in 2009 – 2015 are represented in the paper. The obtained results show a negligible upward trend of the dissolved inorganic carbon (~1 %) that can indicate the bay ecosystem ability to "self-recovery". However, significant growth (up to 23 %) of the carbon dioxide partial pressure in the bottom and surface layers of the bay testifies to negative changes resulting in the carbon cycle transformation. Nevertheless, currently the Sevastopol Bay waters are still in the invasion state (carbon dioxide absorption from the atmosphere). However, the performed calculations demonstrate a downtrend of the atmospheric flux and probability of replacing invasion by evasion (carbon dioxide emission to the atmosphere) by 2018.
Heterotrophic denitrification in the ocean is a well-known and well-studied process (eg, Brandes ... more Heterotrophic denitrification in the ocean is a well-known and well-studied process (eg, Brandes et al., 1998) and has long been considered the main pathway. Bacteria turn to NO3-as an electron acceptor to oxidize organic matter after O2 has been decreased to limiting concentrations (2-10 µM)(eg, Cline and Richards, 1972).
Physical and chemical characteristics of bottom sediments in the Balaklava Bay, namely, granulo-m... more Physical and chemical characteristics of bottom sediments in the Balaklava Bay, namely, granulo-metric and fractional compositions, and organic and inorganic carbon content are considered. Spatial distribution of the main fractions of granulometric composition, and content of organic carbon (TOC) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) are investigated. Correlation between the content of organic and inorganic carbon and the granulometric composition of bottom sediments is analyzed. The major factors forming the bottom sediments in the Balaklava Bay are distinguished.
Морской гидрофизический журнал, 2011
На основании гидрохимических исследований вод Севастопольской бухты обсуждаются результаты опреде... more На основании гидрохимических исследований вод Севастопольской бухты обсуждаются результаты определения карбонатной системы и общей щелочности морской воды двумя методами. С использованием линейного метода наименьших квадратов сравниваются результаты расчета карбонатной системы по pH и общей щелочности и по pH и растворенному неорганическому углероду. Показано, что в исследованном диапазоне значений pH, Alk и TCO2 средние относительные ...
Представлены результаты анализа пространственного распределения гидрохимических характеристик (эл... more Представлены результаты анализа пространственного распределения гидрохимических характеристик (элементов главного биогенного цикла и цикла углерода) в водах Голубого залива, выполненного по данным экспедиционных исследований, проведенных Морским гидрофизическим институтом в 2002 – 2014 гг. Показано, что этот район и расположенная в его юго-западной части стационарная океанографическая платформа являются удобным полигоном для выполнения синхронных дистанционных и подспутниковых исследований естественных океанологических процессов и влияния береговых антропогенных источников загрязнения
Results of analysis of hydrochemical characteristics (main elements of nutrient and carbon cycles... more Results of analysis of hydrochemical characteristics (main elements of nutrient and carbon cycles) spatial distribution in the Blue Bay waters based on the expeditionary research (carried out by Marine Hydrophysical Institute in 2002 – 2014) data are represented. It is shown that this area and the oceanographic platform located in its southwestern part constitute a convenient ground for synchronous remote and sub-satellite studies of natural oceanographic processes and impact of coastal anthropogenic sources of pollution. Introduction. The entire shelf part of the Black Sea (regardless of the fact which country an economic zone belongs to) is a water area exposed to constant and intensive anthropogenic impact. River runoff control, water exchange violation due to construction of different onshore facilities (e.g. piers), pollution and eutrophication, which arise from the insufficiently treated sewage waters and polluted river water discharge, are the factors of negative effect on coastal water quality. Furthermore, the multipurpose usage of shelf water area (exploitation of military and trade harbors, shipyards and ship repair facilities, fishing and mariculture, tourism, recreation and so on) in the absence of appropriate environmental activities has resulted in a sharp deterioration of environmental situation. The consequences of long-term anthropogenic impact on shelf waters may manifest themselves through the changes of hydrodynamic and hydrological characteristics, transformation of water and bottom sediment hydrochemical structure in the direction of their pollution and creation of technogenically and ecologically dangerous hydrochemical background. The most negative case of hydrochemical water structure change is an occurrence of hypoxic and anoxic conditions [1 – 3] that result in regular fish mortality. Deterioration of water quality (waters are one of the most valuable components of the Crimean recreational potential) is also significant by its negative manifestation. At the same time, the location of beaches and recreation zones on the one hand, and anthropogenic sources of pollution on the other, is often uncoordinated and does not meet the basic criteria of spatial planning. The assessments of such pollution source impact on the quality of coastal waters are absent, the monitoring in not performed. Therefore, the Black Sea shelf monitoring (its main purpose is a study of current hydrological and hydrochemical regime) is the most important environment protection preventive objective for diagnosis and forecast of marine environment ecological state of the entire Black Sea. The estimation of the content of nutrients,
Five software products created in the marine research institutes of Ukraine using environmental i... more Five software products created in the marine research institutes of Ukraine using environmental information of the Black Sea and Caspian basin are shortly presented. Two systems: GIS “Hydrometeorology of the Black and Azov Seas” and the Caspian Biodiversity Information System mean for the common functions of treatment of environmental information. Besides they are also able to reveal threats and dangerous phenomena, such as severe storms, freezing, droughts, extreme rises of sea level and biodiversity decline. ...
Information on the depth of the sulfide onset in the Black Sea has been analyzed for the period 1... more Information on the depth of the sulfide onset in the Black Sea has been analyzed for the period 1910-1995. Correlation between the depth of the sulfide onset and the density structure of the layer of the main pycnocline is significant for the entire period covered. Correlation coefficients (R) between the depth of the sulfide onset and the position of isopycnal surfaces in the layer of the main pycnocline vary, on average, 0.71-0.88. The average value of density (σ t ) at the depth of sulfide onset, defined as a sulfide concentration equal to 3 µM, is close to 16.17. Oscillations in the average depth of the sulfide onset range over 24 m and indicate that a steady-state trend does not occur. The period of these oscillations may occur over a century timescale. The dataset for the period 1960-1995 has been used to analyze temporal variations in concentrations of sulfide inside the anoxic zone of the Black Sea. The results of isopycnal analysis demonstrate that possible temporal variations in the average position of sulfide onset versus density (σ t ) scale do not exceed 0.15, which is close to the limit of uncertainties for data obtained before 1988. In contrast, a prominent increase in sulfide concentration, as well as nutrient levels, within the anoxic zone is shown and is related to anthropogenic impact.
Main geochemical characteristics (humidity, granulometric size distribution, organic carbon conte... more Main geochemical characteristics (humidity, granulometric size distribution, organic carbon content, carbonate content, as well as content of Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, V, As, Sr, Ti, Fe, Mn) of bottom sediments in the Kalamita Bay water area are examined. Unlike the seaward part of the bay, sediments in the coastal zone are notable for greater variety of characteristics that is associated with various sources of material and micro-components of bottom sediments, as well as more active hydrodynamic processes. As compared with the background areas, the bay sediments are weakly pol-luted. Features of the spatial variations of organic carbon content are conditioned by change of litho-logical types of deposits. Relations between fractional composition of deposits, on the one hand, and content of organic and inoganic carbon, and trace metals in the fractions, on the other hand, are shown. The highest positive correlation between trace metals content and distribution of clay fraction is observed for copper.
Physical and chemical characteristics of bottom sediments in the Balaklava Bay, namely, granulome... more Physical and chemical characteristics of bottom sediments in the Balaklava Bay, namely, granulometric and fractional compositions, and organic and inorganic carbon content are considered. Spatial distribution of the main fractions of granulometric composition, and content of organic carbon (TOC) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) are investigated. Correlation between the content of organic and inorganic carbon and the granulometric composition of bottom sediments is analyzed. The major factors forming the bottom sediments in the Balaklava Bay are distinguished.
Проведена экспертная оценка качества данных за период 1932 − 1993 гг. По ним рассчитана карбонатн... more Проведена экспертная оценка качества данных за период 1932 − 1993 гг. По ним рассчитана карбонатная система аэробной зоны Черного моря. Выполнена оценка внутригодовых и многолетних изменений карбонатной системы глубоководной части моря за период 1960 –
1993 гг. Дано объяснение внутригодовых изменений карбонатной системы в различных слоях аэробной зоны. Показаны многолетние изменения в значениях pH, общей щелочности и соотношениях компонентов карбонатной системы. Выявлены и объяснены наблюдающийся рост концентрации ТСО2, СО2 и равновесного рСО2, снижение рН и концентрации СО32- вод аэробной зоны Черного моря.
The features of seasonal changes in physical (moisture, granulometric composition) and chemical (... more The features of seasonal changes in physical (moisture, granulometric composition) and chemical (organic carbon content and carbonate content) characteristics of the bottom sediments in the region of the coastal methane seeps in the southern sector of the Tarkhankut Peninsula are investigated. It is shown that the bottom sediments of the region under study are represented by fine- and mediumgrained sand containing inclusions of aleurite-pelitic silts and shell detritus. The obtained in situ data on the content and vertical distribution of Corg and CaCO3 in the bottom sediments make it possible to examine the intra-annual dynamics of the basic geochemical parameters in the areas of the methane gas hydrates and to assess influence of the methane seeps upon the geochemical structure of the bottom sediments. The values obtained for the period under investigation can be divided into three parts: before formation of the bacterial mass (May), the period of maximum formation of mat (June – September), the time of destruction of the mat structures (November). It is shown that in May before the
mat structures are formed, the Corg content in the surface 0–2 cm layer is low (0.5 %), in June it increases up to 15.5 %, then decreases to 9.7 % in September and to 2.3 % in November. In the surface layer, the CaCO3 content is maximal in late May (93.5 %); during the mat formation in June it decreases to 16.6 % and then grows from 23.5 to 49.1 % in August – November, respectively. Being analyzed, the data on vertical distribution of the geochemical characteristics under study show that accumulations of the bacterial mats affect the intra-annual variation of the above-mentioned parameters.
В работе представлены результаты изучения неорганической составляющей цикла углерода и его трансф... more В работе представлены результаты изучения неорганической составляющей цикла углерода и его трансформации в Севастопольской бухте (Черное море) на основе экспедиционных данных за 2009 – 2015 гг. Полученные результаты показывают незначительную тенденцию к увеличению общего растворенного неорганического углерода (~1%), что может указывать на способность экосистемы бухты к «самовосстановлению». Однако представленный существенный рост парциального давления углекислого газа в придонном и поверхностном слоях бухты (до 23%) свидетельствует о негативных изменениях, приводящих к трансформации цикла углерода. Тем не менее, в настоящее время воды Севастопольской бухты продолжают находиться в состоянии инвазии (поглощения углекислого газа из атмосферы), но, согласно
проведенным расчетам, наблюдается тенденция к снижению величины потока и существует вероятность смены к 2018 г. инвазии на эвазию (выделение углекислого газа в атмосферу).
The results of studies of the carbon cycle inorganic component and its transformation in the Seva... more The results of studies of the carbon cycle inorganic component and its transformation in the Sevastopol Bay (The Black Sea) based on the data obtained in the expeditions in 2009 – 2015 are represented in the paper. The obtained results show a negligible upward trend of the dissolved inorganic carbon (~1 %) that can indicate the bay ecosystem ability to "self-recovery". However, significant growth (up to 23 %) of the carbon dioxide partial pressure in the bottom and surface layers of the bay testifies to negative changes resulting in the carbon cycle transformation. Nevertheless, currently the Sevastopol Bay waters are still in the invasion state (carbon dioxide absorption from the atmosphere). However, the performed calculations demonstrate a downtrend of the atmospheric flux and probability of replacing invasion by evasion (carbon dioxide emission to the atmosphere) by 2018.
Heterotrophic denitrification in the ocean is a well-known and well-studied process (eg, Brandes ... more Heterotrophic denitrification in the ocean is a well-known and well-studied process (eg, Brandes et al., 1998) and has long been considered the main pathway. Bacteria turn to NO3-as an electron acceptor to oxidize organic matter after O2 has been decreased to limiting concentrations (2-10 µM)(eg, Cline and Richards, 1972).
Physical and chemical characteristics of bottom sediments in the Balaklava Bay, namely, granulo-m... more Physical and chemical characteristics of bottom sediments in the Balaklava Bay, namely, granulo-metric and fractional compositions, and organic and inorganic carbon content are considered. Spatial distribution of the main fractions of granulometric composition, and content of organic carbon (TOC) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) are investigated. Correlation between the content of organic and inorganic carbon and the granulometric composition of bottom sediments is analyzed. The major factors forming the bottom sediments in the Balaklava Bay are distinguished.
Морской гидрофизический журнал, 2011
На основании гидрохимических исследований вод Севастопольской бухты обсуждаются результаты опреде... more На основании гидрохимических исследований вод Севастопольской бухты обсуждаются результаты определения карбонатной системы и общей щелочности морской воды двумя методами. С использованием линейного метода наименьших квадратов сравниваются результаты расчета карбонатной системы по pH и общей щелочности и по pH и растворенному неорганическому углероду. Показано, что в исследованном диапазоне значений pH, Alk и TCO2 средние относительные ...
Представлены результаты анализа пространственного распределения гидрохимических характеристик (эл... more Представлены результаты анализа пространственного распределения гидрохимических характеристик (элементов главного биогенного цикла и цикла углерода) в водах Голубого залива, выполненного по данным экспедиционных исследований, проведенных Морским гидрофизическим институтом в 2002 – 2014 гг. Показано, что этот район и расположенная в его юго-западной части стационарная океанографическая платформа являются удобным полигоном для выполнения синхронных дистанционных и подспутниковых исследований естественных океанологических процессов и влияния береговых антропогенных источников загрязнения
Results of analysis of hydrochemical characteristics (main elements of nutrient and carbon cycles... more Results of analysis of hydrochemical characteristics (main elements of nutrient and carbon cycles) spatial distribution in the Blue Bay waters based on the expeditionary research (carried out by Marine Hydrophysical Institute in 2002 – 2014) data are represented. It is shown that this area and the oceanographic platform located in its southwestern part constitute a convenient ground for synchronous remote and sub-satellite studies of natural oceanographic processes and impact of coastal anthropogenic sources of pollution. Introduction. The entire shelf part of the Black Sea (regardless of the fact which country an economic zone belongs to) is a water area exposed to constant and intensive anthropogenic impact. River runoff control, water exchange violation due to construction of different onshore facilities (e.g. piers), pollution and eutrophication, which arise from the insufficiently treated sewage waters and polluted river water discharge, are the factors of negative effect on coastal water quality. Furthermore, the multipurpose usage of shelf water area (exploitation of military and trade harbors, shipyards and ship repair facilities, fishing and mariculture, tourism, recreation and so on) in the absence of appropriate environmental activities has resulted in a sharp deterioration of environmental situation. The consequences of long-term anthropogenic impact on shelf waters may manifest themselves through the changes of hydrodynamic and hydrological characteristics, transformation of water and bottom sediment hydrochemical structure in the direction of their pollution and creation of technogenically and ecologically dangerous hydrochemical background. The most negative case of hydrochemical water structure change is an occurrence of hypoxic and anoxic conditions [1 – 3] that result in regular fish mortality. Deterioration of water quality (waters are one of the most valuable components of the Crimean recreational potential) is also significant by its negative manifestation. At the same time, the location of beaches and recreation zones on the one hand, and anthropogenic sources of pollution on the other, is often uncoordinated and does not meet the basic criteria of spatial planning. The assessments of such pollution source impact on the quality of coastal waters are absent, the monitoring in not performed. Therefore, the Black Sea shelf monitoring (its main purpose is a study of current hydrological and hydrochemical regime) is the most important environment protection preventive objective for diagnosis and forecast of marine environment ecological state of the entire Black Sea. The estimation of the content of nutrients,
Five software products created in the marine research institutes of Ukraine using environmental i... more Five software products created in the marine research institutes of Ukraine using environmental information of the Black Sea and Caspian basin are shortly presented. Two systems: GIS “Hydrometeorology of the Black and Azov Seas” and the Caspian Biodiversity Information System mean for the common functions of treatment of environmental information. Besides they are also able to reveal threats and dangerous phenomena, such as severe storms, freezing, droughts, extreme rises of sea level and biodiversity decline. ...
Information on the depth of the sulfide onset in the Black Sea has been analyzed for the period 1... more Information on the depth of the sulfide onset in the Black Sea has been analyzed for the period 1910-1995. Correlation between the depth of the sulfide onset and the density structure of the layer of the main pycnocline is significant for the entire period covered. Correlation coefficients (R) between the depth of the sulfide onset and the position of isopycnal surfaces in the layer of the main pycnocline vary, on average, 0.71-0.88. The average value of density (σ t ) at the depth of sulfide onset, defined as a sulfide concentration equal to 3 µM, is close to 16.17. Oscillations in the average depth of the sulfide onset range over 24 m and indicate that a steady-state trend does not occur. The period of these oscillations may occur over a century timescale. The dataset for the period 1960-1995 has been used to analyze temporal variations in concentrations of sulfide inside the anoxic zone of the Black Sea. The results of isopycnal analysis demonstrate that possible temporal variations in the average position of sulfide onset versus density (σ t ) scale do not exceed 0.15, which is close to the limit of uncertainties for data obtained before 1988. In contrast, a prominent increase in sulfide concentration, as well as nutrient levels, within the anoxic zone is shown and is related to anthropogenic impact.
Main geochemical characteristics (humidity, granulometric size distribution, organic carbon conte... more Main geochemical characteristics (humidity, granulometric size distribution, organic carbon content, carbonate content, as well as content of Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, V, As, Sr, Ti, Fe, Mn) of bottom sediments in the Kalamita Bay water area are examined. Unlike the seaward part of the bay, sediments in the coastal zone are notable for greater variety of characteristics that is associated with various sources of material and micro-components of bottom sediments, as well as more active hydrodynamic processes. As compared with the background areas, the bay sediments are weakly pol-luted. Features of the spatial variations of organic carbon content are conditioned by change of litho-logical types of deposits. Relations between fractional composition of deposits, on the one hand, and content of organic and inoganic carbon, and trace metals in the fractions, on the other hand, are shown. The highest positive correlation between trace metals content and distribution of clay fraction is observed for copper.
Physical and chemical characteristics of bottom sediments in the Balaklava Bay, namely, granulome... more Physical and chemical characteristics of bottom sediments in the Balaklava Bay, namely, granulometric and fractional compositions, and organic and inorganic carbon content are considered. Spatial distribution of the main fractions of granulometric composition, and content of organic carbon (TOC) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) are investigated. Correlation between the content of organic and inorganic carbon and the granulometric composition of bottom sediments is analyzed. The major factors forming the bottom sediments in the Balaklava Bay are distinguished.
Проведена экспертная оценка качества данных за период 1932 − 1993 гг. По ним рассчитана карбонатн... more Проведена экспертная оценка качества данных за период 1932 − 1993 гг. По ним рассчитана карбонатная система аэробной зоны Черного моря. Выполнена оценка внутригодовых и многолетних изменений карбонатной системы глубоководной части моря за период 1960 –
1993 гг. Дано объяснение внутригодовых изменений карбонатной системы в различных слоях аэробной зоны. Показаны многолетние изменения в значениях pH, общей щелочности и соотношениях компонентов карбонатной системы. Выявлены и объяснены наблюдающийся рост концентрации ТСО2, СО2 и равновесного рСО2, снижение рН и концентрации СО32- вод аэробной зоны Черного моря.
Proceedings of the Thirteenth International MEDCOAST Congress on Coastal and Marine Sciences , Engineering, Management and Conservation , 2017
Atmospheric precipitations can be an important source of nutrients to open and coastal zones of m... more Atmospheric precipitations can be an important source of nutrients to open and coastal zones of marine ecosystem. Jickells [1] has published that atmospheric depositions can support 5-25% of nitrogen required to primary production. Bulk atmospheric precipitations have been collected in a rural location at the Black Sea Crimean coast – Katsiveli settlement, and an urban location – Sevastopol city. Samples have been analyzed for inorganic fixed nitrogen (IFN) – nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium. Depositions have been calculated at various space and time scales. The monthly volume weighted mean concentration of IFN increases from summer to winter in both locations. A significant local source of IFN has been revealed for the urban location and this source and its spatial influence have been quantified. IFN deposition with atmospheric precipitations is up to 5% of its background content in the upper 10 m layer of water at the northwestern shelf of the Black Sea. Considering Redfield C:N ratio (106:16) and the rate of primary production (PP) in coastal areas of the Black Sea of about 100-130 g C m-2 year-1 we have assessed that average atmospheric IFN depositions may intensify primary production by 4.5% for rural locations, but this value is increased many-fold in urban locations due to local IFN sources.