Cyanna Dsouza | Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences (original) (raw)

Papers by Cyanna Dsouza

International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education, 2020

Background: Support for dynamic stretching has grown in recent years, because several investigati... more Background: Support for dynamic stretching has grown in recent years, because several investigations show the potential for acute static stretching to degrade athletic performance. The hamstring muscle is the most frequent and disabling musculotendinous strain among athletes. Hence, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Static Stretching (SS) and Dynamic Stretching (DS) in acutely improving hamstring flexibility among recreational college athletes. Methodology: 72 male recreational athletes of mean age 23.59 ± 1.55 years with limited hamstring flexibility were randomly assigned to either SS or DS groups. Athletes in the SS group performed one single static stretch for 30 seconds and those in DS group performed six dynamic stretches for 30 seconds. Results and Conclusion: A significant difference in hamstring flexibility was found between SS group (3.60°) and DS group (8.12°) (p< 0.001). Hence, indicating that one session of DS through a full range of motion improved hamstring flexibility, better than SS.

International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education, 2020

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Techni... more This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique (INIT) for treating Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs) in the upper trapezius muscle on outcomes of pain, Range of Motion (ROM) and disability. Methods: 18 patients mean age 27± of 14.78 years were screened for inclusion/exclusion criteria. The INIT was administered three times a week for 4 weeks. The verbal Numerical Pain Rating scale (NPRS), cervical lateral flexion ROM and Neck Disability Index (NDI) were recorded at baseline, 2 and 4 weeks. Results and Conclusion: There were positive changes in all outcome measures for all eighteen participants. An increase in ROM and reduced levels of pain and disability were noted. This case series suggests that a short-term multimodal therapy would be beneficial for individuals with upper trapezius MTrPs. Important preliminary data was collected that will inform more rigorous research in this field of research.

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2019

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is on the rise, and India ranks second in the world with most number... more BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is on the rise, and India ranks second in the world with most number of individuals with diabetes. Also, taking into account that we have a large population who follow the custom of barefoot walking, prevention of diabetes related foot disease, is a matter of major concern. Diabetes does not kill, it unfurls its wrath, slowly and gradually, but only if one allows. Its complications are devastating, and preventable too. An unhealthy lifestyle, amongst other environmental factors, is responsible for the steep rise of incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus 2. In India, the disease is becoming more prevalent in rural areas, in the less affluent and in the younger population, mostly attributable to industrialization and rapid socioeconomic expansion. The aim of this study is to bring to light, day to day practices of individuals with diabetes and their foot care practices-whether unaware, ignorant in spite of knowledge, or if any difficulties interfere the practice self-care of the foot. METHODS This cross-sectional observational study was a validated questionnaire-based study. After permission was granted by the Institutional Ethics Committee for conduction of this observational study, a questionnaire based on knowledge, attitude and practices was formulated, and validated by 4 experts in the field of diabetes. These were mostly closed end questions. It was able to assess patient demography, attitude towards self-care, knowledge about diabetes related complications and reflected the efficiency of medical care personnel in educating the patient regarding self-care foot practices of his/her diabetes. RESULTS The culture of barefoot walking is still prevalent in 85.2% of the subjects particularly indoors; but with explanation by the treating doctor, 94.1% are willing to change their outlook, and adapt self-care practices. Foot related morbidity was seen in 29.6% of the individuals who participated in this study, but only 10.4 % have undergone amputation. 86.7% of the study population were experiencing sensory symptoms, suggestive of neuropathy. Only 31.0 % of the individuals with diabetes have knowledge regarding foot care related practices, as advised by their doctors. Actively participating in foot care activity was only taken up in a small proportion of patients. Observing the feet changes, wounds, dryness, making an extra effort to use a moisturizing cream etc. were barely executed. If advised aptly, lifestyle modification to include foot care measures can be implemented by 94.1 % of the patients, and 93 % are interested in caring for their feet. It was found that barefoot walking indoors was followed by 85.2% of the individuals, a custom generally followed in South East Asia. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes related foot disease is a risk factor for prolonged morbidity, and can be a large financial burden on the patient and their family. The burden will be reduced if the patients are educated regarding self-care practices.

International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research, 2020

Impairment in hip rotation range of motion (ROM) has been postulated as a predisposing mechanical... more Impairment in hip rotation range of motion (ROM) has been postulated as a predisposing mechanical factor in the development of chronic low back pain (CLBP). The purpose of this study was to compare internal and external rotation ROM of the hip in patients with CLBP with those of healthy individuals. The ROM measurements of 40 patients with intervertebral disc prolapse were compared to 100 healthy subjects. ROM was measured using a universal goniometer in prone position. Data of the two groups was compared using the independent samples t-test. The results of the study demonstrated that patients with CLBP had excessive hip rotation ROM as compared to healthy subjects. It was also noted that the average lateral rotation ROM exceeded that of medial rotation in both groups. Additional studies in this area will further strengthen the programmes of physical therapists to help relieve and avoid the incidence of low back pain.

Objective: Trunk exercises, such as trunk stabilization exercises (SE) and conventional trunk exe... more Objective: Trunk exercises, such as trunk stabilization exercises (SE) and conventional trunk exercises (CE) are performed to improve static or dynamic balance and are often used as part of warm-up programs. A few studies have demonstrated the immediate effects of SE and CE on static balance. However, there is a dearth of research on its immediate effect on dynamic balance. Hence, the purpose of this study was to compare the immediate effect of SE with that of CE on the Y Balance Test (YBT). Methodology: 23 male soccer players (24.43±1.34 years) participated in this crossover study, wherein each participant completed three kinds of testing sessions: SE, CE, and non-exercise (NE), each consisting of three steps: pretest, intervention and posttest, over three weeks. To assess dynamic balance, the YBT score in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions, normalized with leg length, was measured before and 5 minutes after each intervention program. Results & Conclusion: The YBT composite score was significantly improved after SE (p<0.05) as compared to CE and NE (p<0.05). Furthermore, in SE condition, YBT scores of the posterolateral and posteromedial directions significantly improved at the post-test (p<0.05). This study demonstrated the immediate improvements in the posteromedial and posterolateral directions of the YBT after the SE. This result suggests that SE can be effective in immediately improving dynamic balance

International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education, 2020

Background: Support for dynamic stretching has grown in recent years, because several investigati... more Background: Support for dynamic stretching has grown in recent years, because several investigations show the potential for acute static stretching to degrade athletic performance. The hamstring muscle is the most frequent and disabling musculotendinous strain among athletes. Hence, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Static Stretching (SS) and Dynamic Stretching (DS) in acutely improving hamstring flexibility among recreational college athletes. Methodology: 72 male recreational athletes of mean age 23.59 ± 1.55 years with limited hamstring flexibility were randomly assigned to either SS or DS groups. Athletes in the SS group performed one single static stretch for 30 seconds and those in DS group performed six dynamic stretches for 30 seconds. Results and Conclusion: A significant difference in hamstring flexibility was found between SS group (3.60°) and DS group (8.12°) (p< 0.001). Hence, indicating that one session of DS through a full range of motion improved hamstring flexibility, better than SS.

International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health , 2020

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Positional Release Therapy (PRT... more Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Positional Release Therapy (PRT) for treating Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs) in the upper trapezius muscle on outcomes of pain, Range of Motion (ROM) and disability. Methods: Twenty-one patients of mean age 29±12.48 years were screened for inclusion/exclusion criteria. The PRT was administered three times a week for 4 weeks. The verbal Numerical Pain Rating scale (NPRS), active cervical contralateral flexion (ACLF) and Neck Disability Index (NDI) were recorded at baseline, 2 and 4 weeks. Descriptive statistics in the form of mean and standard deviation were used to analyze the data. Results and Conclusion: Increase in ROM and alleviated levels of pain and disability were noted in all participants post treatment. This case series suggests that a short-term manual therapy technique, such as the PRT would be beneficial in treating individuals with upper trapezius TrPs.

International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education, 2020

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibi... more Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique (INIT) for treating Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs) in the upper trapezius muscle on outcomes of pain, Range of Motion (ROM) and disability. Methods: 18 patients mean age 27± of 14.78 years were screened for inclusion/exclusion criteria. The INIT was administered three times a week for 4 weeks. The verbal Numerical Pain Rating scale (NPRS), cervical lateral flexion ROM and Neck Disability Index (NDI) were recorded at baseline, 2 and 4 weeks. Results and Conclusion: There were positive changes in all outcome measures for all eighteen participants. An increase in ROM and reduced levels of pain and disability were noted. This case series suggests that a short-term multimodal therapy would be beneficial for individuals with upper trapezius MTrPs. Important preliminary data was collected that will inform more rigorous research in this field of research.

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is on the rise, and India ranks second in the world with most number... more BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is on the rise, and India ranks second in the world with most number of individuals with diabetes. Also, taking into account that we have a large population who follow the custom of barefoot walking, prevention of diabetes related foot disease, is a matter of major concern. Diabetes does not kill, it unfurls its wrath, slowly and gradually, but only if one allows. Its complications are devastating, and preventable too. An unhealthy lifestyle, amongst other environmental factors, is responsible for the steep rise of incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus 2. In India, the disease is becoming more prevalent in rural areas, in the less affluent and in the younger population, mostly attributable to industrialization and rapid socioeconomic expansion. The aim of this study is to bring to light, day to day practices of individuals with diabetes and their foot care practices-whether unaware, ignorant in spite of knowledge, or if any difficulties interfere the practice self-care of the foot. METHODS This cross-sectional observational study was a validated questionnaire-based study. After permission was granted by the Institutional Ethics Committee for conduction of this observational study, a questionnaire based on knowledge, attitude and practices was formulated, and validated by 4 experts in the field of diabetes. These were mostly closed end questions. It was able to assess patient demography, attitude towards self-care, knowledge about diabetes related complications and reflected the efficiency of medical care personnel in educating the patient regarding self-care foot practices of his/her diabetes. RESULTS The culture of barefoot walking is still prevalent in 85.2% of the subjects particularly indoors; but with explanation by the treating doctor, 94.1% are willing to change their outlook, and adapt self-care practices. Foot related morbidity was seen in 29.6% of the individuals who participated in this study, but only 10.4 % have undergone amputation. 86.7% of the study population were experiencing sensory symptoms, suggestive of neuropathy. Only 31.0 % of the individuals with diabetes have knowledge regarding foot care related practices, as advised by their doctors. Actively participating in foot care activity was only taken up in a small proportion of patients. Observing the feet changes, wounds, dryness, making an extra effort to use a moisturizing cream etc. were barely executed. If advised aptly, lifestyle modification to include foot care measures can be implemented by 94.1 % of the patients, and 93 % are interested in caring for their feet. It was found that barefoot walking indoors was followed by 85.2% of the individuals, a custom generally followed in South East Asia. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes related foot disease is a risk factor for prolonged morbidity, and can be a large financial burden on the patient and their family. The burden will be reduced if the patients are educated regarding self-care practices. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Mulki S, D'Souza CJ, Rana DP. Knowledge, attitude and practices of diabetes related foot care in a South Indian urban centre.

International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education, 2020

Background: Support for dynamic stretching has grown in recent years, because several investigati... more Background: Support for dynamic stretching has grown in recent years, because several investigations show the potential for acute static stretching to degrade athletic performance. The hamstring muscle is the most frequent and disabling musculotendinous strain among athletes. Hence, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Static Stretching (SS) and Dynamic Stretching (DS) in acutely improving hamstring flexibility among recreational college athletes. Methodology: 72 male recreational athletes of mean age 23.59 ± 1.55 years with limited hamstring flexibility were randomly assigned to either SS or DS groups. Athletes in the SS group performed one single static stretch for 30 seconds and those in DS group performed six dynamic stretches for 30 seconds. Results and Conclusion: A significant difference in hamstring flexibility was found between SS group (3.60°) and DS group (8.12°) (p< 0.001). Hence, indicating that one session of DS through a full range of motion improved hamstring flexibility, better than SS.

International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education, 2020

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Techni... more This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique (INIT) for treating Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs) in the upper trapezius muscle on outcomes of pain, Range of Motion (ROM) and disability. Methods: 18 patients mean age 27± of 14.78 years were screened for inclusion/exclusion criteria. The INIT was administered three times a week for 4 weeks. The verbal Numerical Pain Rating scale (NPRS), cervical lateral flexion ROM and Neck Disability Index (NDI) were recorded at baseline, 2 and 4 weeks. Results and Conclusion: There were positive changes in all outcome measures for all eighteen participants. An increase in ROM and reduced levels of pain and disability were noted. This case series suggests that a short-term multimodal therapy would be beneficial for individuals with upper trapezius MTrPs. Important preliminary data was collected that will inform more rigorous research in this field of research.

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2019

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is on the rise, and India ranks second in the world with most number... more BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is on the rise, and India ranks second in the world with most number of individuals with diabetes. Also, taking into account that we have a large population who follow the custom of barefoot walking, prevention of diabetes related foot disease, is a matter of major concern. Diabetes does not kill, it unfurls its wrath, slowly and gradually, but only if one allows. Its complications are devastating, and preventable too. An unhealthy lifestyle, amongst other environmental factors, is responsible for the steep rise of incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus 2. In India, the disease is becoming more prevalent in rural areas, in the less affluent and in the younger population, mostly attributable to industrialization and rapid socioeconomic expansion. The aim of this study is to bring to light, day to day practices of individuals with diabetes and their foot care practices-whether unaware, ignorant in spite of knowledge, or if any difficulties interfere the practice self-care of the foot. METHODS This cross-sectional observational study was a validated questionnaire-based study. After permission was granted by the Institutional Ethics Committee for conduction of this observational study, a questionnaire based on knowledge, attitude and practices was formulated, and validated by 4 experts in the field of diabetes. These were mostly closed end questions. It was able to assess patient demography, attitude towards self-care, knowledge about diabetes related complications and reflected the efficiency of medical care personnel in educating the patient regarding self-care foot practices of his/her diabetes. RESULTS The culture of barefoot walking is still prevalent in 85.2% of the subjects particularly indoors; but with explanation by the treating doctor, 94.1% are willing to change their outlook, and adapt self-care practices. Foot related morbidity was seen in 29.6% of the individuals who participated in this study, but only 10.4 % have undergone amputation. 86.7% of the study population were experiencing sensory symptoms, suggestive of neuropathy. Only 31.0 % of the individuals with diabetes have knowledge regarding foot care related practices, as advised by their doctors. Actively participating in foot care activity was only taken up in a small proportion of patients. Observing the feet changes, wounds, dryness, making an extra effort to use a moisturizing cream etc. were barely executed. If advised aptly, lifestyle modification to include foot care measures can be implemented by 94.1 % of the patients, and 93 % are interested in caring for their feet. It was found that barefoot walking indoors was followed by 85.2% of the individuals, a custom generally followed in South East Asia. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes related foot disease is a risk factor for prolonged morbidity, and can be a large financial burden on the patient and their family. The burden will be reduced if the patients are educated regarding self-care practices.

International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research, 2020

Impairment in hip rotation range of motion (ROM) has been postulated as a predisposing mechanical... more Impairment in hip rotation range of motion (ROM) has been postulated as a predisposing mechanical factor in the development of chronic low back pain (CLBP). The purpose of this study was to compare internal and external rotation ROM of the hip in patients with CLBP with those of healthy individuals. The ROM measurements of 40 patients with intervertebral disc prolapse were compared to 100 healthy subjects. ROM was measured using a universal goniometer in prone position. Data of the two groups was compared using the independent samples t-test. The results of the study demonstrated that patients with CLBP had excessive hip rotation ROM as compared to healthy subjects. It was also noted that the average lateral rotation ROM exceeded that of medial rotation in both groups. Additional studies in this area will further strengthen the programmes of physical therapists to help relieve and avoid the incidence of low back pain.

Objective: Trunk exercises, such as trunk stabilization exercises (SE) and conventional trunk exe... more Objective: Trunk exercises, such as trunk stabilization exercises (SE) and conventional trunk exercises (CE) are performed to improve static or dynamic balance and are often used as part of warm-up programs. A few studies have demonstrated the immediate effects of SE and CE on static balance. However, there is a dearth of research on its immediate effect on dynamic balance. Hence, the purpose of this study was to compare the immediate effect of SE with that of CE on the Y Balance Test (YBT). Methodology: 23 male soccer players (24.43±1.34 years) participated in this crossover study, wherein each participant completed three kinds of testing sessions: SE, CE, and non-exercise (NE), each consisting of three steps: pretest, intervention and posttest, over three weeks. To assess dynamic balance, the YBT score in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions, normalized with leg length, was measured before and 5 minutes after each intervention program. Results & Conclusion: The YBT composite score was significantly improved after SE (p<0.05) as compared to CE and NE (p<0.05). Furthermore, in SE condition, YBT scores of the posterolateral and posteromedial directions significantly improved at the post-test (p<0.05). This study demonstrated the immediate improvements in the posteromedial and posterolateral directions of the YBT after the SE. This result suggests that SE can be effective in immediately improving dynamic balance

International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education, 2020

Background: Support for dynamic stretching has grown in recent years, because several investigati... more Background: Support for dynamic stretching has grown in recent years, because several investigations show the potential for acute static stretching to degrade athletic performance. The hamstring muscle is the most frequent and disabling musculotendinous strain among athletes. Hence, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Static Stretching (SS) and Dynamic Stretching (DS) in acutely improving hamstring flexibility among recreational college athletes. Methodology: 72 male recreational athletes of mean age 23.59 ± 1.55 years with limited hamstring flexibility were randomly assigned to either SS or DS groups. Athletes in the SS group performed one single static stretch for 30 seconds and those in DS group performed six dynamic stretches for 30 seconds. Results and Conclusion: A significant difference in hamstring flexibility was found between SS group (3.60°) and DS group (8.12°) (p< 0.001). Hence, indicating that one session of DS through a full range of motion improved hamstring flexibility, better than SS.

International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health , 2020

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Positional Release Therapy (PRT... more Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Positional Release Therapy (PRT) for treating Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs) in the upper trapezius muscle on outcomes of pain, Range of Motion (ROM) and disability. Methods: Twenty-one patients of mean age 29±12.48 years were screened for inclusion/exclusion criteria. The PRT was administered three times a week for 4 weeks. The verbal Numerical Pain Rating scale (NPRS), active cervical contralateral flexion (ACLF) and Neck Disability Index (NDI) were recorded at baseline, 2 and 4 weeks. Descriptive statistics in the form of mean and standard deviation were used to analyze the data. Results and Conclusion: Increase in ROM and alleviated levels of pain and disability were noted in all participants post treatment. This case series suggests that a short-term manual therapy technique, such as the PRT would be beneficial in treating individuals with upper trapezius TrPs.

International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education, 2020

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibi... more Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique (INIT) for treating Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs) in the upper trapezius muscle on outcomes of pain, Range of Motion (ROM) and disability. Methods: 18 patients mean age 27± of 14.78 years were screened for inclusion/exclusion criteria. The INIT was administered three times a week for 4 weeks. The verbal Numerical Pain Rating scale (NPRS), cervical lateral flexion ROM and Neck Disability Index (NDI) were recorded at baseline, 2 and 4 weeks. Results and Conclusion: There were positive changes in all outcome measures for all eighteen participants. An increase in ROM and reduced levels of pain and disability were noted. This case series suggests that a short-term multimodal therapy would be beneficial for individuals with upper trapezius MTrPs. Important preliminary data was collected that will inform more rigorous research in this field of research.

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is on the rise, and India ranks second in the world with most number... more BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is on the rise, and India ranks second in the world with most number of individuals with diabetes. Also, taking into account that we have a large population who follow the custom of barefoot walking, prevention of diabetes related foot disease, is a matter of major concern. Diabetes does not kill, it unfurls its wrath, slowly and gradually, but only if one allows. Its complications are devastating, and preventable too. An unhealthy lifestyle, amongst other environmental factors, is responsible for the steep rise of incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus 2. In India, the disease is becoming more prevalent in rural areas, in the less affluent and in the younger population, mostly attributable to industrialization and rapid socioeconomic expansion. The aim of this study is to bring to light, day to day practices of individuals with diabetes and their foot care practices-whether unaware, ignorant in spite of knowledge, or if any difficulties interfere the practice self-care of the foot. METHODS This cross-sectional observational study was a validated questionnaire-based study. After permission was granted by the Institutional Ethics Committee for conduction of this observational study, a questionnaire based on knowledge, attitude and practices was formulated, and validated by 4 experts in the field of diabetes. These were mostly closed end questions. It was able to assess patient demography, attitude towards self-care, knowledge about diabetes related complications and reflected the efficiency of medical care personnel in educating the patient regarding self-care foot practices of his/her diabetes. RESULTS The culture of barefoot walking is still prevalent in 85.2% of the subjects particularly indoors; but with explanation by the treating doctor, 94.1% are willing to change their outlook, and adapt self-care practices. Foot related morbidity was seen in 29.6% of the individuals who participated in this study, but only 10.4 % have undergone amputation. 86.7% of the study population were experiencing sensory symptoms, suggestive of neuropathy. Only 31.0 % of the individuals with diabetes have knowledge regarding foot care related practices, as advised by their doctors. Actively participating in foot care activity was only taken up in a small proportion of patients. Observing the feet changes, wounds, dryness, making an extra effort to use a moisturizing cream etc. were barely executed. If advised aptly, lifestyle modification to include foot care measures can be implemented by 94.1 % of the patients, and 93 % are interested in caring for their feet. It was found that barefoot walking indoors was followed by 85.2% of the individuals, a custom generally followed in South East Asia. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes related foot disease is a risk factor for prolonged morbidity, and can be a large financial burden on the patient and their family. The burden will be reduced if the patients are educated regarding self-care practices. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Mulki S, D'Souza CJ, Rana DP. Knowledge, attitude and practices of diabetes related foot care in a South Indian urban centre.