Humera Ayesha | Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences (original) (raw)

Papers by Humera Ayesha

Journal of oral medicine, oral surgery, oral pathology and oral radiology, Jun 15, 2024

British Dental Journal, Jun 23, 2023

Indian journal of health sciences and biomedical research KLEU, 2018

CONTEXT AND AIM: AIDS is an acronym for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome caused by a retrovirus... more CONTEXT AND AIM: AIDS is an acronym for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome caused by a retrovirus known as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which breaks down the body's immune system, leaving the patient vulnerable to a host of life-threatening opportunistic infections, neurological disorders, or unusual malignancies. According to estimates by the WHO and UNAIDS, 35 million people were living with HIV globally at the end of the year 2013. The first AIDS case in India was detected in the year 1986. Seldom studies have been conducted correlating CD4 cell counts and complete blood picture including platelet counts in HIV infected and AIDS patients in the Indian population. The present study was carried-out with the same intent to evaluate the CD4 cell counts and complete blood picture in the HIV infected and AIDS patients and correlate them with the sero-negative controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was a cross-sectional, hospital-based study on patients that were divided into three groups: Group A consisting of 500 patients who were healthy controls without any systemic illness, Group B consisting of 500 patients who were diagnosed as HIV infected, and Group C consisting of 500 patients diagnosed as AIDS patients depending on their CD4 cell counts. Evaluation of complete blood picture was done using Sysmex XP 100, a fully automated analyzer, while CD4 cell counts were evaluated using Partec Cyflow Cell Counter. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The data was analyzed using SPSS version 15.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Comparison of the said parameters was done using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Games-Howell test. P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The results were found to be statistically significant with P < 0.001 for hemoglobin (Hb), white blood cell (WBC) counts, and platelet counts in the HIV-infected and AIDS patients when compared with the seronegative controls. CONCLUSION: Hb, WBC counts, and platelet counts were significantly altered in the HIV-infected and AIDS patients when compared with the seronegative controls.

Indian Journal of Dental Research

Odontogenic lesions can be divided discretely into cysts (an epithelial lined pathological cavity... more Odontogenic lesions can be divided discretely into cysts (an epithelial lined pathological cavity) and tumors (a solid tissue mass, not necessarily neoplastic). They are derived from tooth forming tissues, either the epithelial or the ectomesenchymal or both. They form a heterogeneous group of hamartomatous lesions, benign and malign tumors. According to their origins, they are divided into epithelial, ectomesenchymal, and mesenchymal. Among the most frequent OTs are Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumors (KCOTs), ameloblastomas, and odontomas. Odontogenic tumors are quite rare and constituteless than 1% of all jaw tumors. The KCOT arises from the dental lamina and other sources of odontogenic epithelium. This lesion tends to be more aggressive in its growth pattern, providing a higher recurrence rate than other odontogenic pathoses. Ameloblastomas can be derived from any odontogenic epithelium ranging from the dental lamina (pre-odontogenesis), to reduced enamel epithelium (post-odontogen...

International Journal of Maxillofacial Imaging, 2017

Geriatric dentistry deals with the delivery of oral health care to elderly subjects which include... more Geriatric dentistry deals with the delivery of oral health care to elderly subjects which includes diagnosis, prevention and treatment of problems associated with physiologic and pathological age-related diseases.as a part of an interdisciplinary team with other oral health care professionals.

Background: The degree of formation of third molar, its presence and position is associated with ... more Background: The degree of formation of third molar, its presence and position is associated with the development of this tooth. A decrease eruption space between lower second molar and ramus has been identified as an etiology of lower third molar impaction. Aims and objectives: To assess the association between developmental stages of the mandibular third molars and space distal to the permanent molars (retromolar space). Materials and method: The study included pre-treatment lateral cephalographs and orthopantomograms of 200 orthodontic patients (136 females and 64 males) of age group from 8 and 18 years old. The molar formation stages were assessed by the method of Nolla's. The retromolar distance was measured from the most concave point of the anterior border of the ramus to the distal surface of the first molar. Statistical analysis included analyses of variance for group differences and pearson product moment for assessing associations among variables. Results: High correla...

Advances in Human Biology, 2018

Context: The police personnel resort to tobacco-associated habits often as a stress buster and co... more Context: The police personnel resort to tobacco-associated habits often as a stress buster and consider that the nicotine rush will settle their nerves so that they can focus better on their work. Recently, some non-governmental organisations have taken a note of this and carried out health check-up camps for the police personnel in the city of Mumbai, but similar awareness for oral and dental health is still largely missing. Aim: The present study was carried out with the primary aim to determine the prevalence of tobacco-associated habits and oral lesions in the police personnel from Greater Mumbai. Materials and Methods: All the police personnel included in the study were subjected to a detailed case history elicitation and examination procedure after obtaining their informed written consent. Special stress was given in eliciting the history of tobacco-associated habits while care was taken to diagnose tobacco-associated oral lesions such as tobacco pouch keratosis, pre-leukoplak...

DOI: 10.21276/sjds.2018.5.5.9 Abstract: The formation of mandibular third molar and its position ... more DOI: 10.21276/sjds.2018.5.5.9 Abstract: The formation of mandibular third molar and its position depends upon the development. Reduced eruption space between lower second molar and ramus is considered as an important etiological factor for mandibular third molar impaction. Prediction of mandibular third molar impaction by measuring the retromolar distance and its association with developmental stages of the mandibular third molars.The study included pretreatment orthopantomograms and lateral cephalographs of 50 orthodontic patients (33 females and 17 males) of age group between 9 and 18 years old. The mandibular third molar calcification stages were assessed by Nolla’s method. The retromolar space was measured from the distal surface of the first molar to the most concave point on the anterior border of the ramus to the mandible. Statistical analyses included t-tests and analyses of variance for group differences and the Pearson product. High correlation between calcification stage ...

British Journal of Haematology, 2011

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) results from a deficiency of von Willebrand factor-clea... more Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) results from a deficiency of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease (VWF-cp) activity. A disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motif 13 (ADAMTS-13) is the enzyme identified as mediating this cleaving function (Levy et al, 2001). The loss of cleaving activity results in circulation of abnormal ultra large VWF multimers (ULVWF) provoking widespread microvascular thrombosis. Urgent plasma exchange (PEX) and adjunctive steroid therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for acquired TTP and has resulted in dramatic improvements in survival, from 10% in the pre-PEX era to 80-90% with current PEX-based regimens (Rock et al, 1991). Further improvements in clinical outcome of idiopathic-TTP have been reported using anti-CD20 antibody (Rituximab) to reduce relapse risk in antibody-mediated idiopathic disease, accounting for the majority of cases (Scully et al, 2007). Simultaneous in vitro assay development has improved quantitation of ADAMTS13 activity and detection of anti-ADAMTS13 antibodies (Peyvandi et al, 2010). Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)associated TTP is a subgroup (Miller et al, 2005) defined as secondary TTP, as there is a precipitant identified. This report describes patients with HIV-associated TTP who were

Conclusion: Oncoviruses play a major role in enhancing the pathology of odontogenic tumors.

Introduction: One of the most commonly used cranial landmarks for cephalometric tracing is sella ... more Introduction: One of the most commonly used cranial landmarks for cephalometric tracing is sella point. Sella point is located in the centre of sella turcica with the turcica housing the pituitary gland in the crainal base. This gland lies within the pituitary fossa and consists of the anterior lobe, the intermediate lobe and the posterior lobe. Any abnormality or pathology in the gland could manifest from an altered shape of the sella turcica to a disturbance in the regulations of glandular hormones, prolactin, growth hormones, thyroid – stimulating hormone, follicular stimulating hormone, etc. Aims and Objective: The aim of the study was to determine difference in dimensions of sella turcica in different age groups and genders, that could assist in detection and evaluation of pathological conditions. Materials and Method: Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 100 individuals (50 males and 50 females) were evaluated retrospectively. The radiographs were divided into two groups according to the subject's age: pre-pubertal (<15 years) and post pubertal (15 years or more). Linear dimensions length, depth and diameter were measured. Chi-square test and ANOVA test were used for statistical analysis Results: A statistical significant difference in linear dimensions between age groups were found in sella length, depth and diameter with p value <0.0001. There was no significant difference in the linear measurements of sella turcica between males and females with p value >0.05. Conclusion: Dimensions of sella turcica used as reference standards in the assessment of age of the subjects in different age groups and there was a gradual increase in the size of sella turcica as age advances.

Dental Research Journal, May 1, 2013

Tuberculosis is a chronic, specific granulomatous disease and a major cause of death in developin... more Tuberculosis is a chronic, specific granulomatous disease and a major cause of death in developing countries. We report a case of tuberculosis presenting first as periodontal loss of tooth support leading to loose teeth and gingival enlargement affecting a 17-year-old female patient without any pulmonary lesion. Diagnosis was based on histopathological examination and positive adenosine deaminase activity Mycobacterium tuberculosis test. The clinical presentation of tuberculosis may take many forms. However, with the decline in numbers, tuberculosis lesions of the oral cavity have become so rare that they are frequently overlooked in the differential diagnosis of oral lesions. Also, this case report emphasizes the need for dental clinicians to be aware of the possibility of tuberculosis presenting first in the oral cavity, and contribute in control of tuberculosis through early detection and referring the patients to physicians for proper treatment.

Dental Research Journal, 2012