Nazan Aydın | None (Private) (original) (raw)

Papers by Nazan Aydın

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of impulse noise on the epithelial cells of choroid plexus

Turkish Neurosurgery, 2010

AIm: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of impulse noise on the epithelial cell... more AIm: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of impulse noise on the epithelial cells of the choroid plexus. mAterIAl and methOds: Forty Sprague Dawley rats were used and divided into the 2 groups as control and study groups. In the control group, the rats did not suffer noise injury. The rats were exposed to impulse noise at 20 minute durations at 10 times each day for one month in study group. Then, the rats were sacrificed and the choroid plexuses were examined histologically. The number of cells was counted and the cells were analyzed. results: There were clear signs of nuclear condensation and cell body shrinkage, suggesting the presence of apoptosis. Severe desquamation of villus and the cell loss were observed in the study group. The numbers of the normal cells decreased, and the number of apoptotic cells increased significantly (p<0.05). COnClusIOn: Impulse noise causes apoptotic death of epithelial cells in the choroid plexus, decrease the normal cells and increase the apoptotic cells.

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of haloperidol on striatal neurons: relation to neuronal loss (a stereological study)

Folia Neuropathologica, Mar 31, 2011

B Be er rr ri in n Z Zu uh ha al l A Al lt tu un nk ka ay yn na ak k 1 1 , , E El lv va an n Ö Öz... more B Be er rr ri in n Z Zu uh ha al l A Al lt tu un nk ka ay yn na ak k 1 1 , , E El lv va an n Ö Öz zb be ek k 2 2 , , N Na az za an n A Ay yd dI In n 3 3 , , M Me eh hm me et t D Du um ml lu u A Ay yd dI In n 4 4 , , M Mu uh ha am mm me ed d E Ey yü üp p A Al lt tu un nk ka ay yn na ak k 1 1 , , Ö Öz zg ge en n V Vu ur ra al le er r 2 2 , , B Bü ün ny ya am mi i Ü Ün na al l 2 2

Research paper thumbnail of Bupropion use: psychotic relapse versus smoking cessation

Journal of Substance Use, Feb 5, 2015

Bupropion, a first-line pharmacological treatment for nicotine addiction, is a reuptake inhibitor... more Bupropion, a first-line pharmacological treatment for nicotine addiction, is a reuptake inhibitor of dopamine and norepinephrine. Dopaminergic effects of bupropion may cause or worsen psychosis. We reported a case with schizoaffective disorder (SD), who presented with bupropion-induced acute psychotic episode. A 36 year-old man diagnosed to have SD, who has been on remission with risperidone 3 mg/d, Valproic Acid (VA) 1000 mg/d for four years. Family physician prescribed Bupropion 300 mg/d two months ago for smoking cessation. Patient reported that symptoms appeared on the 15 th day of Bupropion use. During psychiatric examination; he seemed deteriorated and presented logorrhea, elevated mood, disorganized behavior and speech, paranoid-grandiose delusions, ideas of reference, delusions of persecution, auditory-visual hallucinations and insomnia. No impairment in orientation and memory functions was observed. PANSS score was 132/210. He has been initially treated with a combination of risperidone 3 mg/d and VA 1000 mg/d for three weeks and on the 3 rd week, only his psychomotor agitation was alleviated. An increase in the dosage of risperidone to 6mg/d caused exacerbation in extrapyramidal symptoms and as a result, biperidene 2-4-6 mg/d was added to his treatment. After dosage titration, his psychotic symptoms worsened and he did not respond to treatment. Risperidone was discontinued gradually and clozapine was added to VA. As soon as clozapine dose was titrated up to 250 mg/day, the patient's symptoms and PANSS (58/210) scores showed significant improvement. Psychosis as a side effect of bupropion is rare. Appearance of psychotic symptoms after bupropion use may be associated with inhibition of dopamine reuptake. Treatment of Bupropioninduced psychosis may be difficult and achieving remission may take some months. Healthcare professionals should check for any psychotic symptoms or disease before prescribing Bupropion for smoking cessation.

Research paper thumbnail of Neuro-Behçet's disease involving the pons with initial onset of affective symptoms

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Feb 1, 2002

We report a case with Behçet&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease with initial onset of affective sy... more We report a case with Behçet&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease with initial onset of affective symptoms. This disease most commonly affects the brain stem in the nervous system, but a large lesion is very rare in the pons; initial onset of affective symptoms has not yet been reported in literature. This case was treated successfully with corticosteroids. Total clinical improvement was observed and the lesion was reduced in size within nine months (1.5 x 1.3 cm to 0.2 x 0.4 cm).

Research paper thumbnail of P.1.b.006 Nasal cycle difference in schizophrenia: can it reflect the cerebral lateralization abnormality?

European Neuropsychopharmacology, Aug 1, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Chronic treatment of haloperidol induces pathological changes in striatal neurons of guinea pigs: a light and electron microscopical study

Drug and Chemical Toxicology, Feb 7, 2012

In the present work, we investigated whether there would be any change in histological structure ... more In the present work, we investigated whether there would be any change in histological structure of striatal neurons after haloperidol applications at different doses. Adult male guinea pigs were treated once-daily with saline (group 4, control) or haloperidol during 6 weeks, and the dose was 1, 2, or 3 mg/kg (groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively). After treatment, all animals were anesthetized and striata were dissected and examined. When striata were evaluated histologically, dark neurons and some degenerating striatal neurons had distinctive morphological changes consistent with cell death, including reduced neuronal size with nuclear and cytoplasmic shrinkage. Also, in sections of striata in groups 1 and 2, but not in group 3, more glial cells were observed than in those of the control group. In all treated groups, fibrous content of intersititium was paralelly increased by increasing dose. Ultrastructural investigation of striatal neurons in haloperidol-treated rats showed notched nuclei and many lysosomes. Moreover, degeneration of myelin, scarce microglial macrophages, expansion of nuclear intermembranous space, degenerated mitochondria, and vacuoles were found. Also, cytoplasmic swelling, lysosomes, and apoptotic bodies were present. These results suggest that haloperidol treatment may lead to damage in neurons via the necrotic process in both low- and high-dose applications.

Research paper thumbnail of Luteal serum BDNF and HSP70 levels in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Mar 2, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of A Cerebral Hydatid Cyst Case First Presenting with Gerstmann's Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review

DergiPark (Istanbul University), 2003

Gerstmann's syndrome in patients with hydatid cyst has not been reported frequently, although man... more Gerstmann's syndrome in patients with hydatid cyst has not been reported frequently, although many cerebral hydatid diseases have been detailed. Tsukamoto et al. (1) reported such a case in a patient who had a cysticercosis in his left angular gyrus. MRI showed a focal lesion situated subcortically in the left angular gyrus and reaching the superior posterior parietal lobe in a patient with Gerstmann's syndrome. Four symptoms of Gerstmann's syndrome are seen in left angular gyrus lesions in right-handed persons (2). Brain involvement is seen in 1 to 2% of all echinococcus granulosus infestations and the primary form is very rare (3,4). The diagnosis is established with serologic and imaging techniques (3). A round, cystic lesion is detected on the CT in cerebral hydatid disease (5-7). Cerebral hydatid cysts should be removed without rupture (4). However, only half of these cysts are removed unruptured (8). For this reason, all patients have to receive mebendazole therapy (3). Cases with a hydatid cyst first representing Gerstmann's syndrome have rarely been reported. We are reporting this case due to its rarity. CASE REPORT A 7-year-old boy was admitted to the psychiatry department with a history of headache, behavioral disturbances, mental regression, inability to perform skilful movement, counting and calculation disorders, and unawareness of his right side. Cranial computerized

Research paper thumbnail of Hazardous Hyperglisemic Effect of Facial Ischemia Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Experimental Study

Archives of Neuroscience, Feb 9, 2020

Background: Hyperglycemia has been tried to explain by different mechanisms, but glucose-sensing ... more Background: Hyperglycemia has been tried to explain by different mechanisms, but glucose-sensing tongue taste buds-geniculate ganglia-facial nerve-vagal nerve-pancreas web relation has not been adequately investigated. Objectives: We aimed to investigate if there is any relationship between the described taste buds network degeneration and blood glucose levels following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods: This study was conducted on 32 rabbits. Blood glucose levels were measured at the beginning, mid-phase, and the end of the experiment. Animals were divided into the groups of control (n = 5), physiologic serum saline (SHAM; n = 5), and subarachnoid hemorrhage with 0.5 cc homolog blood injection into cisterna magna (study; n = 22) three times a week and were sacrificed under general anesthesia after two weeks. The blood glucose level of 113 ± 20 mg/dL was accepted as normal (G-I; n = 11), lower than 80 mg/dl as hypoglycemic (G-II; n = 6), and higher than 149 mg/dl as hyperglycemic (G-III; n = 5). Their neuron densities of geniculate ganglia were examined by stereological methods. The statistical analysis was done between glucose levels/degenerated taste bud/neurons using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. We accepted P > 0.005 as non-significance. Results: The mean normal blood glucose level was 115 ± 9 mg/dl before surgery. The pre-sacrificed glucose level was 113 ± 8 mg/dL and the neuron density of the geniculate ganglia was 7.421 ± 530/mm 3. The degenerated neuron density of geniculate ganglia was 13 ± 4/mm 3 in controls 21 ± 7/mm 3 in SHAM, 27 ± 7/mm 3 in G-I, 21 ± 5/mm 3 in G-II, and 112 ± 18/mm 3 in G-III groups. The P values of glucose levels-degenerated neuron density of geniculate ganglia between control/G-III was: P < 0.00001; SHAM/G-III: P < 0.0005; GI/GII: P < 0.005. Conclusions: Glucose sensing tongue taste buds-geniculate ganglia-facial nerve-vagal nerve-pancreas circuitry should be an unexplained web for the regulation of blood glucose level.

Research paper thumbnail of A neuro-Behcet's lesion in oculomotor nerve nucleus

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Jul 15, 2003

Fascicular oculomotor nerve involvement is occasionally seen in Behcet&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s ... more Fascicular oculomotor nerve involvement is occasionally seen in Behcet&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease, but nuclear involvement is very rare. A 25-year-old woman presented with the Behcet&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s symptoms and the left eye problems. Physical examination revealed muco-cutaneous lesions, eyelid ptosis, mydriasis, upward and medial gaze palsy and lateral deviation on the left eye. Serologic tests were positive. An inflammatory lesion was detected in the left oculomotor nerve nucleus on magnetic resonance imaging. Neuro-Behcet&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease was considered the most likely diagnosis. Dexamethasone treatment was ordered. Muco-cutaneal lesions, laboratory abnormalities were normalized after 1 year; but oculomotor nerve palsy persisted in spite of improvement in radiological findings. Clinical signs of oculomotor nerve palsy may persist despite the radiological improvement.

Research paper thumbnail of Psikotik belirtilerden sonra MRI ile chiari 1 malformasyonu saptanan ve cerrahi dekompresyon uygulanan bir olgu

Sunulan olgu ilk olarak yedi y ıl, ikinci olarak da bir yıl önce psikiyatri kliniğinde şizofreni ... more Sunulan olgu ilk olarak yedi y ıl, ikinci olarak da bir yıl önce psikiyatri kliniğinde şizofreni tan ısıyla yatırılm ıştır. Üçüncü yatışının ikinci ay ında, psikoz tablosunda büyük oranda iyile şme görülmü ş, ancak ataksi, hipotoni, düşme nöbetleri, disfaji gibi belirtiler ortaya çıkm ıştır. EEG ve BBT gibi incelemelerin sonuçlar ı , normal olarak değerlendirilmesine karşın, yeniden yap ılan nörolojik bakıda ataksi, bilateral horizontal nistagmus, dismetri, dizartri ve kas zaafı saptandığı için multipl skleroz dü şünülmüştür. Bunun üzerine yapılan kranial MRI incelemesinde Chiari-1 malformasyonuna uyan bulgular saptanm ıştır. Nöroşirürji kliniğince yapılan cerrahi dekompresyon ile hastan ın Chiari-1 malformasyonuna bağlı semptomlarında iyileşme sağlanmıştır.

Research paper thumbnail of P01-112 - Affective temperaments in epilepsy

European Psychiatry, 2010

Objective: Affective temperaments (AT) are suggested as antecedents of mood disorders (MD) curren... more Objective: Affective temperaments (AT) are suggested as antecedents of mood disorders (MD) currently. MD especially depression is very common in epilepsy. In this study we investigated AT in epilepsy as probable predictors of MD. Methods: 83 epileptic patients and 83 healthy controls were included and evaluated using the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego-Autoquestionnaire version (TEMPS-A) and SCID-I. Results: In epilepsy group 16 depressive, 3 cyclotimic, 12 irritable, 9 anxious temperaments; in healthy group 4 depressive, 3 irritable, 4 anxious temperaments were diagnosed. The difference was significant in depressive (x²: 8.36, p< 0.05) and irritable temperament (x²: 6.06, p< 0.05). Depressive, cyclotimic, irritable, anxious temperaments mean scores were significantly higher in epilepstics(depressive 8.35±4,37; cyclotimic 9,86± 4,67; irritable 7,00±4,58; anxious 9,18±5,94) than healthy controls (depressive 5,89±3,68; cyclotimic 6,87±4,55; irritable 3,39±3,57; anxious 5,11±4,78) (all p< 0,001). 16 patients in epilepsy group and 6 patients in control group were diagnosed as Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and the difference was significant (x²: 5,38, p< 0,05). Anxious temperament predicted MDD in epileptics and none of the temperaments were significant predictor of MDD in controls in logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Epileptic patients had higher scores at all AT except hypertimic. Anxious and irritable temperaments were diagnosed more in epileptics and anxious temperament was related with MDD. The tendency of epileptics to MD are known but this is the first study shows tendency of epileptics to AT. Further investigations are needed to explain the etiology and treatment relationship between MD and AT in epilepsy.

Research paper thumbnail of Olfactory bulbectomy and raphe nucleus relationship: a new vision for well-known depression model

Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, Nov 14, 2019

Background/aim: The olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) technic is a well-known animal model for depressio... more Background/aim: The olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) technic is a well-known animal model for depression. According to serotonin hypothesis of depression, one of the possible explanations to this mechanism is the destroying effect of OBX on raphe nuclei which especially include serotonergic neurons. In this study, we aimed to explore histopathological findings in raphe nuclei in OBX rats. Materials and methods: Forty-eight rats (8 control group, 10 sham group, and 30 as the study group) were used. No procedure was applied to the control group. Only frontal burr holes were performed at the level of olfactory bulbs (OBs) on the sham group. Mechanical OBX by compression was applied to 20 rats and the OBs of 10 rats were cauterized. Their OBs, olfactory cortices, raphe nuclei were extracted, tissue specimens were taken than examined by using histopathological methods including hematoxylin and eosin, S-100, and TUNEL staining. Physical dissector method was used to evaluate the number of living and apoptotic neurons in the raphe nuclei. Results: Prominent neuronal loss and morphological changes in the dorsal raphe nuclei were detected in study groups. Conclusion: Raphe nuclei degeneration, related alterations in neurotransmitter system activities and functional brain connectivity might be related to neurobiology of depression.

Research paper thumbnail of Unperceived Pregnancies: A Review

Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 2017

"Unperceived pregnancy" is defined as a pregnancy noticed after the 20th week of gestation, somet... more "Unperceived pregnancy" is defined as a pregnancy noticed after the 20th week of gestation, sometimes not until birth. Women may not notice the physiological manifestations of pregnancy, may not know the existence of the growing baby and not take on the role of motherhood, neither emotionally nor socially. Despite its tragic consequences, this condition observed in women of all ages, races, cultures and socioeconomic levels in the world is unfortunately not well known and the women concerned are suffer misunderstandings. They may be exposed to negative judgments, accusations and even legal sentences. Furthermore, even health workers may not fully understand unperceived pregnancies and not consider it in their differential diagnosis. In extreme cases, this may lead to maternal and infant deaths. It is crucial for health workers who encounter unperceived pregnancies to refer these patients for mental health support, and for mental health professionals to be fully aware of the condition and provide appropriate support. When it comes to legal considerations, it is vital to understand the situation of these women and provide the appropriate forensic approach. This multidimensional review approaches unperceived pregnancies in their medical, psychological, legal and ethical aspects. We aim to raise awareness regarding unperceived pregnancies and help future developments on this issue.

Research paper thumbnail of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Polymorphism: More Than a Prognostic Factor During Depression?

Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, Oct 1, 2009

Objective To investigate associations between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polym... more Objective To investigate associations between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphisms and regional frontal cortical thickness and volume in patients with schizophrenia and healthy control participants. Methods BDNF genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing techniques in 96 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and 104 healthy control participants. Cortical morphology was analyzed by processing magnetic resonance brain images with the FreeSurfer software package. General linear model analysis was used to study associations between BDNF variants and cortical thickness in patients and controls, respectively. Regional frontal cortical volumes were defined from automatic cortical parcellations. Results For patients with schizophrenia, there was an association between the BDNF-633 T/A polymorphism and thickness and volume of distinct subregions of the prefrontal cortex. Data indicated trends toward genotypic associations between the BDNF 270 C/T and 11757 G/C polymorphisms and the volume of specific frontal lobe regions in patients with schizophrenia. Among controls, there were no significant associations between BDNF polymorphisms and cortical thickness. Trends toward genotypic associations between BDNF polymorphisms and volumes of some frontal lobe regions for control participants were observed, although these differences did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion Polymorphisms in the BDNF gene may be associated with variation in frontal lobe morphology. Associations seem to be stronger in patients with schizophrenia than in healthy controls.

Research paper thumbnail of The Correlation Between Psychiatric Disorders and Women’s Lives

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 2013

Objective: Psychiatric disorders are important factors which affect the quality of life: employme... more Objective: Psychiatric disorders are important factors which affect the quality of life: employment rates, interpersonal and intrafamilial communications, marriage, child-bearing, parental skills and many other social-cognitive areas in different ways. Psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder and depressive disorder have a negative impact on women's lives. This study has compared the relationship between these mental illnesses and the liabilities of women's lives. Methods: For the purpose of this study, 61 schizophrenics, 35 bipolar and 40 unipolar female patients and 60 healthy controls from a university hospital of eastern Turkey were evaluated with SCID-I, a family environmental scale and a personal information questionnaire. Results: The women with psychiatric disorders had higher rates of unemployment, shorter durations of marriage and lower numbers of parity, as compared to their healthy counterparts, especially after the onset of their illnesses. The schizo

Research paper thumbnail of P03-192 - Is affective temperament related to perception of stigma in epilepsy?

European Psychiatry, 2010

Objective: Affective Temperaments (AT) in epilepsy is waiting for a clear understanding as antece... more Objective: Affective Temperaments (AT) in epilepsy is waiting for a clear understanding as antecedents of mood disorders. Recent studies suggest that perception of stigma (PS) correlates with high anxiety and depression scores in epilepsy patients. In this study we investigated if there is association between AT, PS and depression in epilepsy. Methods: Consequent 71 outpatients (40 women 31 men) with epilepsy were included in the study and examined using the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego-Autoquestionnaire version (TEMPS-A), Epilepsy Stigma Scale, SCID-I for DSM IV for the diagnosis of depression. Results: Depressive temperament (DT) scores were positively correlated with PS scores (r:0,247, p< 0.05) in whole group. PS scores were significantly higher in epileptics with MDD group (n:14) than epileptics without MDD(n:57) (t-3.052, p< 0.05). than the patients were divided into groups as patients with DT (n:10), patients with MDD (n: 9) and patients with MDD and DT (n: 5). In One Way ANOVA analysis there was difference between groups. By Tukey HSD the Perception of Stigma was not different between DT and MDD grup but DT+MDD group was significantly higher than DT group. Conclusion: Recent studies suggest that a crucial part of inherited factors of depression is mediated by ATs and in some studies DT is founded to be related with recurrent depressive disorder. This study suggest that there may be an association between PS, DT and MDD alone but coexistence of MDD and DT is a higher risk for higher levels of stigma perception.

Research paper thumbnail of XRCC4 rs6869366 polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to both nicotine dependence and/or schizophrenia

Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo), 2018

Background: Oxidative stress induced DNA damage has been assumed to contribute to the etiopathoge... more Background: Oxidative stress induced DNA damage has been assumed to contribute to the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia (Sch). Smoking prevalence was more common in patients with Sch. The X-ray repair cross-complementation group 4 (XRCC4) gene plays an important role in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether XRCC4 rs6869366 polymorphism has a relationship both in nicotine dependence (ND) and Sch+ND risk. Methods: One hundred and four patients with Sch+ND, 133 subjects with ND only and 70 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. XRCC4 rs6869366 polymorphism was analyzed using PCR-RFLP assay. Results: The frequency of XRCC4 rs6869366 GG genotype was more common in the ND and Sch+ND group than controls (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). XRCC4 rs6869366 TT genotype was lower in both ND and Sch+ND group compared to controls (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). Also, XRCC4 rs6869366 G allele was higher in Sch+ND group than controls (p = 0.001) while XRCC4 rs6869366 T allele was lower in ND group than healthy controls (p=0.001). XRCC4 rs6869366 GT genotype was lower in ND group than control group (p = 0.003). Discussion: These results suggested that the XRCC4 rs6869366 polymorphism G related genotype/allele was associated with susceptibility to both ND and Sch+ND in a Turkish population.

Research paper thumbnail of Association of XRCC1 and XPD functional gene variants with nicotine dependence and/or schizophrenia: a case-control study and in silico analysis

Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 2018

OBJECTIVE: The role of DNA repair mechanisms has received attention recently in schizophrenia (Sc... more OBJECTIVE: The role of DNA repair mechanisms has received attention recently in schizophrenia (Sch). Sch patients show an increased prevalence of nicotine dependence (ND). This study aimed to find out whether functional SNP variants in the XRCC1 and the XPD play any role both in ND and Sch + ND etiopathogenesis in a Turkish population which was followed up with an in silico analysis approach. METHODS: XRCC1 rs25487 and XPD rs13181 variants were determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). In the prediction of pathogenic effect of rs25487 and rs13181 SNPs, the PANTHER and SNPs&GO programs were used. Also, the protein-protein interaction analysis was performed to retrieve functional partners of the XRCC1 and XPD protein. RESULTS: XRRC1 rs25487 GG genotype was significantly lower in both ND and Sch + ND groups than the controls (p = .001, p = .006) while G allele was lower only in Sch + ND group comparison to controls (p = .034). XPD rs13181 Lys/Lys genotype was more lower in both Sch + ND and ND groups than in controls (p = .007; p = .001). XPD rs13181 Gln allele was lower in Sch + ND group compared to controls while Lys allele was higher in ND group than controls, respectively (p = .034; p = .008). The results of in silico prediction analysis showed that the rs25487 had neutral effect while the rs13181 had a disease-related effect. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current study revealed a possible genetic association between XRCC1/XPD variants and both in ND and Sch + ND. We think that analysis of this missense SNPs using bioinformatics methods would help diagnosis of XRCC1 and XPD-related diseases.

Research paper thumbnail of First definition of burned choroid plexus in acidic cerebrospinal fluid‐filled brain ventricles during subarachnoid hemorrhage: Experimental study

Neuropathology, 2020

Blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) acidosis is the most troubling complication in subarachnoid h... more Blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) acidosis is the most troubling complication in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) if carotid body (CB) networks are disrupted. However, histopathological examination of the choroid plexus (CP) in acidic CSF has not been evaluated so far. In this study, we aimed to investigate the CP in acidic CSF following SAH. Twenty-eight rabbits were used. Five rabbits were used to analyze CB network (control group; n = 5); seven rabbits were injected 1 mL of saline (Sham group; n = 7); and the rest 16 rabbits were given 1 mL of autologous arterial blood inject into the cisterna magna to create SAH (SAH group; n = 16). Blood and CSF pH values were recorded before/during/after the experimental procedures. Nuclear darkening, cellular shrinkage and pyknosis suggested the presence of apoptosis of epithelial cells of CP. The densities of normal and degenerated epithelial cells of CPs were estimated using stereological methods. The relationship between the pH values and degenerated epithelial cell densities of CPs were statistically compared by Mann-Whitney U-test. Blood pH values were estimated as 7.359 AE 0.039 in the control group, 7.318 AE 0.062 in the Sham group, 7.23 AE 0.013 in the SAH group. CSF pH values were 7.313 AE 0.028 in the control group, 7.296 AE 0.045 in the Sham group, and 7.224 AE 0.012 in the SAH group. Degenerated epithelial cell density of CP was 25 AE 7 in the control group, 226 AE 64 in the Sham group, and 2115 AE 635 in the SAH group. There was a considerable link between CSF pH values and degenerated epithelial cells of CP (P < 0.0001). This study shows that CB insult causes acidosis of CSF as well as cellular degeneration of CP during SAH. This is the first description of this in the literature.

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of impulse noise on the epithelial cells of choroid plexus

Turkish Neurosurgery, 2010

AIm: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of impulse noise on the epithelial cell... more AIm: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of impulse noise on the epithelial cells of the choroid plexus. mAterIAl and methOds: Forty Sprague Dawley rats were used and divided into the 2 groups as control and study groups. In the control group, the rats did not suffer noise injury. The rats were exposed to impulse noise at 20 minute durations at 10 times each day for one month in study group. Then, the rats were sacrificed and the choroid plexuses were examined histologically. The number of cells was counted and the cells were analyzed. results: There were clear signs of nuclear condensation and cell body shrinkage, suggesting the presence of apoptosis. Severe desquamation of villus and the cell loss were observed in the study group. The numbers of the normal cells decreased, and the number of apoptotic cells increased significantly (p<0.05). COnClusIOn: Impulse noise causes apoptotic death of epithelial cells in the choroid plexus, decrease the normal cells and increase the apoptotic cells.

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of haloperidol on striatal neurons: relation to neuronal loss (a stereological study)

Folia Neuropathologica, Mar 31, 2011

B Be er rr ri in n Z Zu uh ha al l A Al lt tu un nk ka ay yn na ak k 1 1 , , E El lv va an n Ö Öz... more B Be er rr ri in n Z Zu uh ha al l A Al lt tu un nk ka ay yn na ak k 1 1 , , E El lv va an n Ö Öz zb be ek k 2 2 , , N Na az za an n A Ay yd dI In n 3 3 , , M Me eh hm me et t D Du um ml lu u A Ay yd dI In n 4 4 , , M Mu uh ha am mm me ed d E Ey yü üp p A Al lt tu un nk ka ay yn na ak k 1 1 , , Ö Öz zg ge en n V Vu ur ra al le er r 2 2 , , B Bü ün ny ya am mi i Ü Ün na al l 2 2

Research paper thumbnail of Bupropion use: psychotic relapse versus smoking cessation

Journal of Substance Use, Feb 5, 2015

Bupropion, a first-line pharmacological treatment for nicotine addiction, is a reuptake inhibitor... more Bupropion, a first-line pharmacological treatment for nicotine addiction, is a reuptake inhibitor of dopamine and norepinephrine. Dopaminergic effects of bupropion may cause or worsen psychosis. We reported a case with schizoaffective disorder (SD), who presented with bupropion-induced acute psychotic episode. A 36 year-old man diagnosed to have SD, who has been on remission with risperidone 3 mg/d, Valproic Acid (VA) 1000 mg/d for four years. Family physician prescribed Bupropion 300 mg/d two months ago for smoking cessation. Patient reported that symptoms appeared on the 15 th day of Bupropion use. During psychiatric examination; he seemed deteriorated and presented logorrhea, elevated mood, disorganized behavior and speech, paranoid-grandiose delusions, ideas of reference, delusions of persecution, auditory-visual hallucinations and insomnia. No impairment in orientation and memory functions was observed. PANSS score was 132/210. He has been initially treated with a combination of risperidone 3 mg/d and VA 1000 mg/d for three weeks and on the 3 rd week, only his psychomotor agitation was alleviated. An increase in the dosage of risperidone to 6mg/d caused exacerbation in extrapyramidal symptoms and as a result, biperidene 2-4-6 mg/d was added to his treatment. After dosage titration, his psychotic symptoms worsened and he did not respond to treatment. Risperidone was discontinued gradually and clozapine was added to VA. As soon as clozapine dose was titrated up to 250 mg/day, the patient's symptoms and PANSS (58/210) scores showed significant improvement. Psychosis as a side effect of bupropion is rare. Appearance of psychotic symptoms after bupropion use may be associated with inhibition of dopamine reuptake. Treatment of Bupropioninduced psychosis may be difficult and achieving remission may take some months. Healthcare professionals should check for any psychotic symptoms or disease before prescribing Bupropion for smoking cessation.

Research paper thumbnail of Neuro-Behçet's disease involving the pons with initial onset of affective symptoms

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Feb 1, 2002

We report a case with Behçet&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease with initial onset of affective sy... more We report a case with Behçet&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease with initial onset of affective symptoms. This disease most commonly affects the brain stem in the nervous system, but a large lesion is very rare in the pons; initial onset of affective symptoms has not yet been reported in literature. This case was treated successfully with corticosteroids. Total clinical improvement was observed and the lesion was reduced in size within nine months (1.5 x 1.3 cm to 0.2 x 0.4 cm).

Research paper thumbnail of P.1.b.006 Nasal cycle difference in schizophrenia: can it reflect the cerebral lateralization abnormality?

European Neuropsychopharmacology, Aug 1, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Chronic treatment of haloperidol induces pathological changes in striatal neurons of guinea pigs: a light and electron microscopical study

Drug and Chemical Toxicology, Feb 7, 2012

In the present work, we investigated whether there would be any change in histological structure ... more In the present work, we investigated whether there would be any change in histological structure of striatal neurons after haloperidol applications at different doses. Adult male guinea pigs were treated once-daily with saline (group 4, control) or haloperidol during 6 weeks, and the dose was 1, 2, or 3 mg/kg (groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively). After treatment, all animals were anesthetized and striata were dissected and examined. When striata were evaluated histologically, dark neurons and some degenerating striatal neurons had distinctive morphological changes consistent with cell death, including reduced neuronal size with nuclear and cytoplasmic shrinkage. Also, in sections of striata in groups 1 and 2, but not in group 3, more glial cells were observed than in those of the control group. In all treated groups, fibrous content of intersititium was paralelly increased by increasing dose. Ultrastructural investigation of striatal neurons in haloperidol-treated rats showed notched nuclei and many lysosomes. Moreover, degeneration of myelin, scarce microglial macrophages, expansion of nuclear intermembranous space, degenerated mitochondria, and vacuoles were found. Also, cytoplasmic swelling, lysosomes, and apoptotic bodies were present. These results suggest that haloperidol treatment may lead to damage in neurons via the necrotic process in both low- and high-dose applications.

Research paper thumbnail of Luteal serum BDNF and HSP70 levels in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Mar 2, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of A Cerebral Hydatid Cyst Case First Presenting with Gerstmann's Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review

DergiPark (Istanbul University), 2003

Gerstmann's syndrome in patients with hydatid cyst has not been reported frequently, although man... more Gerstmann's syndrome in patients with hydatid cyst has not been reported frequently, although many cerebral hydatid diseases have been detailed. Tsukamoto et al. (1) reported such a case in a patient who had a cysticercosis in his left angular gyrus. MRI showed a focal lesion situated subcortically in the left angular gyrus and reaching the superior posterior parietal lobe in a patient with Gerstmann's syndrome. Four symptoms of Gerstmann's syndrome are seen in left angular gyrus lesions in right-handed persons (2). Brain involvement is seen in 1 to 2% of all echinococcus granulosus infestations and the primary form is very rare (3,4). The diagnosis is established with serologic and imaging techniques (3). A round, cystic lesion is detected on the CT in cerebral hydatid disease (5-7). Cerebral hydatid cysts should be removed without rupture (4). However, only half of these cysts are removed unruptured (8). For this reason, all patients have to receive mebendazole therapy (3). Cases with a hydatid cyst first representing Gerstmann's syndrome have rarely been reported. We are reporting this case due to its rarity. CASE REPORT A 7-year-old boy was admitted to the psychiatry department with a history of headache, behavioral disturbances, mental regression, inability to perform skilful movement, counting and calculation disorders, and unawareness of his right side. Cranial computerized

Research paper thumbnail of Hazardous Hyperglisemic Effect of Facial Ischemia Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Experimental Study

Archives of Neuroscience, Feb 9, 2020

Background: Hyperglycemia has been tried to explain by different mechanisms, but glucose-sensing ... more Background: Hyperglycemia has been tried to explain by different mechanisms, but glucose-sensing tongue taste buds-geniculate ganglia-facial nerve-vagal nerve-pancreas web relation has not been adequately investigated. Objectives: We aimed to investigate if there is any relationship between the described taste buds network degeneration and blood glucose levels following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods: This study was conducted on 32 rabbits. Blood glucose levels were measured at the beginning, mid-phase, and the end of the experiment. Animals were divided into the groups of control (n = 5), physiologic serum saline (SHAM; n = 5), and subarachnoid hemorrhage with 0.5 cc homolog blood injection into cisterna magna (study; n = 22) three times a week and were sacrificed under general anesthesia after two weeks. The blood glucose level of 113 ± 20 mg/dL was accepted as normal (G-I; n = 11), lower than 80 mg/dl as hypoglycemic (G-II; n = 6), and higher than 149 mg/dl as hyperglycemic (G-III; n = 5). Their neuron densities of geniculate ganglia were examined by stereological methods. The statistical analysis was done between glucose levels/degenerated taste bud/neurons using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. We accepted P > 0.005 as non-significance. Results: The mean normal blood glucose level was 115 ± 9 mg/dl before surgery. The pre-sacrificed glucose level was 113 ± 8 mg/dL and the neuron density of the geniculate ganglia was 7.421 ± 530/mm 3. The degenerated neuron density of geniculate ganglia was 13 ± 4/mm 3 in controls 21 ± 7/mm 3 in SHAM, 27 ± 7/mm 3 in G-I, 21 ± 5/mm 3 in G-II, and 112 ± 18/mm 3 in G-III groups. The P values of glucose levels-degenerated neuron density of geniculate ganglia between control/G-III was: P < 0.00001; SHAM/G-III: P < 0.0005; GI/GII: P < 0.005. Conclusions: Glucose sensing tongue taste buds-geniculate ganglia-facial nerve-vagal nerve-pancreas circuitry should be an unexplained web for the regulation of blood glucose level.

Research paper thumbnail of A neuro-Behcet's lesion in oculomotor nerve nucleus

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Jul 15, 2003

Fascicular oculomotor nerve involvement is occasionally seen in Behcet&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s ... more Fascicular oculomotor nerve involvement is occasionally seen in Behcet&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease, but nuclear involvement is very rare. A 25-year-old woman presented with the Behcet&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s symptoms and the left eye problems. Physical examination revealed muco-cutaneous lesions, eyelid ptosis, mydriasis, upward and medial gaze palsy and lateral deviation on the left eye. Serologic tests were positive. An inflammatory lesion was detected in the left oculomotor nerve nucleus on magnetic resonance imaging. Neuro-Behcet&amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease was considered the most likely diagnosis. Dexamethasone treatment was ordered. Muco-cutaneal lesions, laboratory abnormalities were normalized after 1 year; but oculomotor nerve palsy persisted in spite of improvement in radiological findings. Clinical signs of oculomotor nerve palsy may persist despite the radiological improvement.

Research paper thumbnail of Psikotik belirtilerden sonra MRI ile chiari 1 malformasyonu saptanan ve cerrahi dekompresyon uygulanan bir olgu

Sunulan olgu ilk olarak yedi y ıl, ikinci olarak da bir yıl önce psikiyatri kliniğinde şizofreni ... more Sunulan olgu ilk olarak yedi y ıl, ikinci olarak da bir yıl önce psikiyatri kliniğinde şizofreni tan ısıyla yatırılm ıştır. Üçüncü yatışının ikinci ay ında, psikoz tablosunda büyük oranda iyile şme görülmü ş, ancak ataksi, hipotoni, düşme nöbetleri, disfaji gibi belirtiler ortaya çıkm ıştır. EEG ve BBT gibi incelemelerin sonuçlar ı , normal olarak değerlendirilmesine karşın, yeniden yap ılan nörolojik bakıda ataksi, bilateral horizontal nistagmus, dismetri, dizartri ve kas zaafı saptandığı için multipl skleroz dü şünülmüştür. Bunun üzerine yapılan kranial MRI incelemesinde Chiari-1 malformasyonuna uyan bulgular saptanm ıştır. Nöroşirürji kliniğince yapılan cerrahi dekompresyon ile hastan ın Chiari-1 malformasyonuna bağlı semptomlarında iyileşme sağlanmıştır.

Research paper thumbnail of P01-112 - Affective temperaments in epilepsy

European Psychiatry, 2010

Objective: Affective temperaments (AT) are suggested as antecedents of mood disorders (MD) curren... more Objective: Affective temperaments (AT) are suggested as antecedents of mood disorders (MD) currently. MD especially depression is very common in epilepsy. In this study we investigated AT in epilepsy as probable predictors of MD. Methods: 83 epileptic patients and 83 healthy controls were included and evaluated using the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego-Autoquestionnaire version (TEMPS-A) and SCID-I. Results: In epilepsy group 16 depressive, 3 cyclotimic, 12 irritable, 9 anxious temperaments; in healthy group 4 depressive, 3 irritable, 4 anxious temperaments were diagnosed. The difference was significant in depressive (x²: 8.36, p< 0.05) and irritable temperament (x²: 6.06, p< 0.05). Depressive, cyclotimic, irritable, anxious temperaments mean scores were significantly higher in epilepstics(depressive 8.35±4,37; cyclotimic 9,86± 4,67; irritable 7,00±4,58; anxious 9,18±5,94) than healthy controls (depressive 5,89±3,68; cyclotimic 6,87±4,55; irritable 3,39±3,57; anxious 5,11±4,78) (all p< 0,001). 16 patients in epilepsy group and 6 patients in control group were diagnosed as Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and the difference was significant (x²: 5,38, p< 0,05). Anxious temperament predicted MDD in epileptics and none of the temperaments were significant predictor of MDD in controls in logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Epileptic patients had higher scores at all AT except hypertimic. Anxious and irritable temperaments were diagnosed more in epileptics and anxious temperament was related with MDD. The tendency of epileptics to MD are known but this is the first study shows tendency of epileptics to AT. Further investigations are needed to explain the etiology and treatment relationship between MD and AT in epilepsy.

Research paper thumbnail of Olfactory bulbectomy and raphe nucleus relationship: a new vision for well-known depression model

Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, Nov 14, 2019

Background/aim: The olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) technic is a well-known animal model for depressio... more Background/aim: The olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) technic is a well-known animal model for depression. According to serotonin hypothesis of depression, one of the possible explanations to this mechanism is the destroying effect of OBX on raphe nuclei which especially include serotonergic neurons. In this study, we aimed to explore histopathological findings in raphe nuclei in OBX rats. Materials and methods: Forty-eight rats (8 control group, 10 sham group, and 30 as the study group) were used. No procedure was applied to the control group. Only frontal burr holes were performed at the level of olfactory bulbs (OBs) on the sham group. Mechanical OBX by compression was applied to 20 rats and the OBs of 10 rats were cauterized. Their OBs, olfactory cortices, raphe nuclei were extracted, tissue specimens were taken than examined by using histopathological methods including hematoxylin and eosin, S-100, and TUNEL staining. Physical dissector method was used to evaluate the number of living and apoptotic neurons in the raphe nuclei. Results: Prominent neuronal loss and morphological changes in the dorsal raphe nuclei were detected in study groups. Conclusion: Raphe nuclei degeneration, related alterations in neurotransmitter system activities and functional brain connectivity might be related to neurobiology of depression.

Research paper thumbnail of Unperceived Pregnancies: A Review

Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 2017

"Unperceived pregnancy" is defined as a pregnancy noticed after the 20th week of gestation, somet... more "Unperceived pregnancy" is defined as a pregnancy noticed after the 20th week of gestation, sometimes not until birth. Women may not notice the physiological manifestations of pregnancy, may not know the existence of the growing baby and not take on the role of motherhood, neither emotionally nor socially. Despite its tragic consequences, this condition observed in women of all ages, races, cultures and socioeconomic levels in the world is unfortunately not well known and the women concerned are suffer misunderstandings. They may be exposed to negative judgments, accusations and even legal sentences. Furthermore, even health workers may not fully understand unperceived pregnancies and not consider it in their differential diagnosis. In extreme cases, this may lead to maternal and infant deaths. It is crucial for health workers who encounter unperceived pregnancies to refer these patients for mental health support, and for mental health professionals to be fully aware of the condition and provide appropriate support. When it comes to legal considerations, it is vital to understand the situation of these women and provide the appropriate forensic approach. This multidimensional review approaches unperceived pregnancies in their medical, psychological, legal and ethical aspects. We aim to raise awareness regarding unperceived pregnancies and help future developments on this issue.

Research paper thumbnail of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Polymorphism: More Than a Prognostic Factor During Depression?

Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, Oct 1, 2009

Objective To investigate associations between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polym... more Objective To investigate associations between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphisms and regional frontal cortical thickness and volume in patients with schizophrenia and healthy control participants. Methods BDNF genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing techniques in 96 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and 104 healthy control participants. Cortical morphology was analyzed by processing magnetic resonance brain images with the FreeSurfer software package. General linear model analysis was used to study associations between BDNF variants and cortical thickness in patients and controls, respectively. Regional frontal cortical volumes were defined from automatic cortical parcellations. Results For patients with schizophrenia, there was an association between the BDNF-633 T/A polymorphism and thickness and volume of distinct subregions of the prefrontal cortex. Data indicated trends toward genotypic associations between the BDNF 270 C/T and 11757 G/C polymorphisms and the volume of specific frontal lobe regions in patients with schizophrenia. Among controls, there were no significant associations between BDNF polymorphisms and cortical thickness. Trends toward genotypic associations between BDNF polymorphisms and volumes of some frontal lobe regions for control participants were observed, although these differences did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion Polymorphisms in the BDNF gene may be associated with variation in frontal lobe morphology. Associations seem to be stronger in patients with schizophrenia than in healthy controls.

Research paper thumbnail of The Correlation Between Psychiatric Disorders and Women’s Lives

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 2013

Objective: Psychiatric disorders are important factors which affect the quality of life: employme... more Objective: Psychiatric disorders are important factors which affect the quality of life: employment rates, interpersonal and intrafamilial communications, marriage, child-bearing, parental skills and many other social-cognitive areas in different ways. Psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder and depressive disorder have a negative impact on women's lives. This study has compared the relationship between these mental illnesses and the liabilities of women's lives. Methods: For the purpose of this study, 61 schizophrenics, 35 bipolar and 40 unipolar female patients and 60 healthy controls from a university hospital of eastern Turkey were evaluated with SCID-I, a family environmental scale and a personal information questionnaire. Results: The women with psychiatric disorders had higher rates of unemployment, shorter durations of marriage and lower numbers of parity, as compared to their healthy counterparts, especially after the onset of their illnesses. The schizo

Research paper thumbnail of P03-192 - Is affective temperament related to perception of stigma in epilepsy?

European Psychiatry, 2010

Objective: Affective Temperaments (AT) in epilepsy is waiting for a clear understanding as antece... more Objective: Affective Temperaments (AT) in epilepsy is waiting for a clear understanding as antecedents of mood disorders. Recent studies suggest that perception of stigma (PS) correlates with high anxiety and depression scores in epilepsy patients. In this study we investigated if there is association between AT, PS and depression in epilepsy. Methods: Consequent 71 outpatients (40 women 31 men) with epilepsy were included in the study and examined using the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego-Autoquestionnaire version (TEMPS-A), Epilepsy Stigma Scale, SCID-I for DSM IV for the diagnosis of depression. Results: Depressive temperament (DT) scores were positively correlated with PS scores (r:0,247, p< 0.05) in whole group. PS scores were significantly higher in epileptics with MDD group (n:14) than epileptics without MDD(n:57) (t-3.052, p< 0.05). than the patients were divided into groups as patients with DT (n:10), patients with MDD (n: 9) and patients with MDD and DT (n: 5). In One Way ANOVA analysis there was difference between groups. By Tukey HSD the Perception of Stigma was not different between DT and MDD grup but DT+MDD group was significantly higher than DT group. Conclusion: Recent studies suggest that a crucial part of inherited factors of depression is mediated by ATs and in some studies DT is founded to be related with recurrent depressive disorder. This study suggest that there may be an association between PS, DT and MDD alone but coexistence of MDD and DT is a higher risk for higher levels of stigma perception.

Research paper thumbnail of XRCC4 rs6869366 polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to both nicotine dependence and/or schizophrenia

Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo), 2018

Background: Oxidative stress induced DNA damage has been assumed to contribute to the etiopathoge... more Background: Oxidative stress induced DNA damage has been assumed to contribute to the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia (Sch). Smoking prevalence was more common in patients with Sch. The X-ray repair cross-complementation group 4 (XRCC4) gene plays an important role in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether XRCC4 rs6869366 polymorphism has a relationship both in nicotine dependence (ND) and Sch+ND risk. Methods: One hundred and four patients with Sch+ND, 133 subjects with ND only and 70 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. XRCC4 rs6869366 polymorphism was analyzed using PCR-RFLP assay. Results: The frequency of XRCC4 rs6869366 GG genotype was more common in the ND and Sch+ND group than controls (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). XRCC4 rs6869366 TT genotype was lower in both ND and Sch+ND group compared to controls (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). Also, XRCC4 rs6869366 G allele was higher in Sch+ND group than controls (p = 0.001) while XRCC4 rs6869366 T allele was lower in ND group than healthy controls (p=0.001). XRCC4 rs6869366 GT genotype was lower in ND group than control group (p = 0.003). Discussion: These results suggested that the XRCC4 rs6869366 polymorphism G related genotype/allele was associated with susceptibility to both ND and Sch+ND in a Turkish population.

Research paper thumbnail of Association of XRCC1 and XPD functional gene variants with nicotine dependence and/or schizophrenia: a case-control study and in silico analysis

Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 2018

OBJECTIVE: The role of DNA repair mechanisms has received attention recently in schizophrenia (Sc... more OBJECTIVE: The role of DNA repair mechanisms has received attention recently in schizophrenia (Sch). Sch patients show an increased prevalence of nicotine dependence (ND). This study aimed to find out whether functional SNP variants in the XRCC1 and the XPD play any role both in ND and Sch + ND etiopathogenesis in a Turkish population which was followed up with an in silico analysis approach. METHODS: XRCC1 rs25487 and XPD rs13181 variants were determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). In the prediction of pathogenic effect of rs25487 and rs13181 SNPs, the PANTHER and SNPs&GO programs were used. Also, the protein-protein interaction analysis was performed to retrieve functional partners of the XRCC1 and XPD protein. RESULTS: XRRC1 rs25487 GG genotype was significantly lower in both ND and Sch + ND groups than the controls (p = .001, p = .006) while G allele was lower only in Sch + ND group comparison to controls (p = .034). XPD rs13181 Lys/Lys genotype was more lower in both Sch + ND and ND groups than in controls (p = .007; p = .001). XPD rs13181 Gln allele was lower in Sch + ND group compared to controls while Lys allele was higher in ND group than controls, respectively (p = .034; p = .008). The results of in silico prediction analysis showed that the rs25487 had neutral effect while the rs13181 had a disease-related effect. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current study revealed a possible genetic association between XRCC1/XPD variants and both in ND and Sch + ND. We think that analysis of this missense SNPs using bioinformatics methods would help diagnosis of XRCC1 and XPD-related diseases.

Research paper thumbnail of First definition of burned choroid plexus in acidic cerebrospinal fluid‐filled brain ventricles during subarachnoid hemorrhage: Experimental study

Neuropathology, 2020

Blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) acidosis is the most troubling complication in subarachnoid h... more Blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) acidosis is the most troubling complication in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) if carotid body (CB) networks are disrupted. However, histopathological examination of the choroid plexus (CP) in acidic CSF has not been evaluated so far. In this study, we aimed to investigate the CP in acidic CSF following SAH. Twenty-eight rabbits were used. Five rabbits were used to analyze CB network (control group; n = 5); seven rabbits were injected 1 mL of saline (Sham group; n = 7); and the rest 16 rabbits were given 1 mL of autologous arterial blood inject into the cisterna magna to create SAH (SAH group; n = 16). Blood and CSF pH values were recorded before/during/after the experimental procedures. Nuclear darkening, cellular shrinkage and pyknosis suggested the presence of apoptosis of epithelial cells of CP. The densities of normal and degenerated epithelial cells of CPs were estimated using stereological methods. The relationship between the pH values and degenerated epithelial cell densities of CPs were statistically compared by Mann-Whitney U-test. Blood pH values were estimated as 7.359 AE 0.039 in the control group, 7.318 AE 0.062 in the Sham group, 7.23 AE 0.013 in the SAH group. CSF pH values were 7.313 AE 0.028 in the control group, 7.296 AE 0.045 in the Sham group, and 7.224 AE 0.012 in the SAH group. Degenerated epithelial cell density of CP was 25 AE 7 in the control group, 226 AE 64 in the Sham group, and 2115 AE 635 in the SAH group. There was a considerable link between CSF pH values and degenerated epithelial cells of CP (P < 0.0001). This study shows that CB insult causes acidosis of CSF as well as cellular degeneration of CP during SAH. This is the first description of this in the literature.