Salim Uddin | University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh (original) (raw)

Papers by Salim Uddin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 2015

Natural polymer chitosan has been widely applied to medical fields due to its biochemical activit... more Natural polymer chitosan has been widely applied to medical fields due to its biochemical activities such as anticancer, antibacterial and lowering cholesterol in addition to biocompatibility and biodegradability. Currently, researches are being actively conducted to develop various drug-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles for curing different diseases by applying chitosan to a drug delivery system. The free amine (-NH2) group present in chitosan can bind to various hydrophobic groups by physical and chemical modification and the chitosan with hydrophobic groups can form shell-core nanoparticles by self-assembly when dispersed in water. In addition, an insoluble drug can increase the solubility against water when it was encapsulated in the core of chitosan nanoparticles. Also, the therapy effect can be maximized by minimizing side effects of drugs such as proteins, anticancer drugs and vaccines when they were encapsulated in the core of chitosan nanoparticles. Moreover, it is possible to control the particle size and release rate according to the hydrophobic group introduced to chitosan, so that it can be applied to a wide range of medical fields. The purpose of this review is to discuss the preparation and property of chitosan nanoparticles modified with various hydrophobic groups, and the application to drug delivery systems according to their property.

Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2014

ABSTRACT Recent technological advances and the development of new methods has provided an opportu... more ABSTRACT Recent technological advances and the development of new methods has provided an opportunity to obtain highly purified natural bioactive compounds extracts with potential for the treatment and prevention of human diseases. The use of hazardous and toxic solvents in extraction and processing of bioactive compounds from plant materials is considered as a big problem in health, safety and environmental pollution. Advanced technology aims to increase the production of the desired compounds and find an alternative to using toxic solvents in the extraction processes of bioactive compounds from plant materials. The ever growing interest in plant bioactive compounds and today's concern on environment issues have led to an increase need for efficient and green extraction method. This review is focused on the extraction of bioactive compounds from plant using advanced and environmental friendly methods such as supercritical fluid extraction method, microwave-assisted extraction method, ultrasound-assisted extraction and similar techniques that can give fast and organic residues free extract. An update overview of the bioactive compounds present in plant of Phaleria macrocarpa and its extraction, fractionation, purification and isolation are provided. The advantages and disadvantages of both conventional and non-conventional extraction methods are also discussed in this review.

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2014

Phytosterols provide important health benefits: in particular, the lowering of cholesterol. From ... more Phytosterols provide important health benefits: in particular, the lowering of cholesterol. From environmental and commercial points of view, the most appropriate technique has been searched for extracting phytosterols from plant matrices. As a green technology, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using carbon dioxide (CO2 ) is widely used to extract bioactive compounds from different plant matrices. Several studies have been performed to extract phytosterols using supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2 ) and this technology has clearly offered potential advantages over conventional extraction methods. However, the efficiency of SFE technology fully relies on the processing parameters, chemistry of interest compounds, nature of the plant matrices and expertise of handling. This review covers SFE technology with particular reference to phytosterol extraction using SC-CO2 . Moreover, the chemistry of phytosterols, properties of supercritical fluids (SFs) and the applied experimental designs have been discussed for better understanding of phytosterol solubility in SC-CO2 . © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.

Squid viscera oil was investigated by pretreatment method for enhancing the commercial value. Tra... more Squid viscera oil was investigated by pretreatment method for enhancing the commercial value. Transeterification was performed to reduce rancidity of the oil, off-flavor was removed by using activated carbon adsorption. Analysis using ATD (Automatic Thermal Desorber) and GC/MG shows the efficacy of off-flavor removement. The rates of Transesterification employing inorganic catalyst and biocatalyst were tested, respectively. With stepwise addition of ethanol, the most efficiency of the reaction was achieved by inorganic catalyst. The efficiency of the reaction was estimated by acid value corresponding to rancidity of reaction product.

Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India, 2010

Subcritical water hydrolysis was carried out to produce valued materials from squid viscera, the ... more Subcritical water hydrolysis was carried out to produce valued materials from squid viscera, the waste product of fish processing industries. The reaction temperatures for hydrolysis of rawand deoiled squid viscera were maintained from 180 to 280 degrees C for5 min. The ratio of material to water forhydrolysis was 1:50. Most of the proteins from deoiled squid viscera were recovered at high temperature. The protein yield in raw squid viscera hydrolyzate decreased with the rise of temperature. The reducing sugar yield was higher at high temperature in subcritical water hydrolysis of both raw and deoiled squid viscera. The highest yield of amino acids in raw and deoiled squid viscera hydrolyzates were 233.25 +/- 3.25 and 533.78 +/- 4.13 mg g(-1) at 180 and 280 degrees C, respectively. Most amino acids attained highest yield at the reaction temperature range of 180-220 degrees C and 260-280 degrees C for raw and deoiled samples, respectively. The recovery of amino acids from deoiled squ...

Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India, 2008

The oil in mackerel viscera was extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2) at a semi-batch ... more The oil in mackerel viscera was extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2) at a semi-batch flow extraction process and the fatty acids composition in the oil was identified. Also the off-flavors removal in mackerel viscera and the storage improvement of the oils were carried out. As results obtained, by increasing pressure and temperature, quantity was increased. The maximum yield of oils obtained from mackerel viscera by SCO, extraction was 118 mgg(-1) (base on dry weight of freeze-dried raw anchovy) at 50 degrees C, 350 bar And the extracted oil contained high concentration of EPA and DHA. Also it was found that the autoxidation of the oils using SCO2 extraction occurred very slowly compared to the oils by organic solvent extraction. The off-flavors in the powder after SCO2 extraction were significantly removed. Especially complete removal of the trimethylamine which influences a negative compound to the products showed. Also other significant off-flavors such as aldehydes, ...

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2011

Particle design is presently a major development of supercritical fluids applications, mainly in ... more Particle design is presently a major development of supercritical fluids applications, mainly in the paint, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and specialty chemical industries. Supercritical fluids have been successfully used to obtain composites or encapsulates, which comprise an active compound loaded into a matrix of a carrier material, in order to improving product preservation as well as controlling the dissolution rate of the active compound. The particles from gas-saturated solution (PGSS) process has been used to micronize suspensions of different substances in polymer melts, in order to obtain composite materials. The particle formation of functional pigment with biodegradable polymer, polyethelene glycol (PEG) was performed by supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO 2) in a thermostated stirred vessel. PGSS were carried out in different temperatures and pressures to measure the optimum condition for the formation of functional pigment particle (pressure from 20 MPa to 25 MPa, temperature from 40 to 50°C). The average diameter of the particles obtained at different conditions was about 0.8-1.4 µm accompanied by the size reduction, comparing the size of unprocessed particles, 430 µm.

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2010

Lysozyme was extracted from aqueous solution into i-octane using reverse micelles in the presence... more Lysozyme was extracted from aqueous solution into i-octane using reverse micelles in the presence of pressurized CO 2. A squat vessel with two independent stirrers was used to measure the mass transfer of the lysozyme across a planar interface. Mass transfer coefficient, k L of the lysozyme from the aqueous to the organic phase was measured at selected ionic strengths, pH, sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) surfactant concentrations, temperatures and pressurized CO 2. The mass transfer rate of lysozyme was higher in high temperature (318 K) and pressure (20 MPa). pH of 9 in aqueous phase showed highest mass transfer rate of lysozyme. The application of pressurized CO 2 markedly increased the mass transfer rate of lysozyme comparing to conventional non-pressurized system.

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2011

Red pepper oil was extracted using near-and supercritical carbon dioxide. Extraction was carried ... more Red pepper oil was extracted using near-and supercritical carbon dioxide. Extraction was carried out at pressures ranging from 10 to 35 MPa and temperatures from 30 to 60 o C, with a CO 2 flow rate of 24.01 g/min using a semi-continuous high-pressure extraction apparatus. The duration for extraction was 2 h. The highest oil yield was found at high pressure and temperature. The highest solubility of oil (1.18 mg/g of CO 2) was found at 35 MPa and 60 o C. The solubility data of red pepper oil in near-and supercritical CO 2 were fitted in Chrastil model. The fatty acid composition of red pepper oil was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). Linoleic acid was found to be the major fatty acid in the oil. Capsaicin was quantified in different extracts by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The highest capsaicin yield was found at 35 MPa and 60 o C.

Journal of Food Science, 2011

Marine lecithin was isolated and characterized from squid (Todarodes pacificus) viscera residues ... more Marine lecithin was isolated and characterized from squid (Todarodes pacificus) viscera residues deoiled by supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO 2) extraction. SC-CO 2 extraction was carried out to extract the oil from squid viscera at different temperatures (35 to 45 • C) and pressures (15 to 25 MPa). The extraction yield was higher at highest temperature and pressure. The major phospholipids of squid viscera lecithin were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Phosphatidylcholine (PC; 80.5% ± 0.7%) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE; 13.2% ± 0.2%) were the main phospholipids. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed to purify the individual phospholipids. The fatty acid compositions of lecithin, PC and PE were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). A significant amount of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were present in both phospholipids of PC and PE. Emulsions of lecithin in water were prepared through the use of a homogenizer. The oxidative stability of squid viscera lecithin was high in spite of its high concentration of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Journal of Bio-Science, 2009

Significant differences were found in sugar content and carbohydrate splitting enzyme activities ... more Significant differences were found in sugar content and carbohydrate splitting enzyme activities in tubers of ten indigenous potato varieties at harvesting and after keeping at cold storage. The activities of invertase, amylase, β-galactosidase and cellulase in all varieties were found to be increased by 2-12, 1.2-4, 1.9-4.5, and 1.1-3.7 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored potatoes. The amount of starch and sucrose were found to be decreased by 1.15-2.8 and 1.02-1.4 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored in all varieties. Total soluble sugar and reducing sugar contents in potatoes were increased by 1.02-1.4 and 4-11 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored in all varieties of potatoes. The amount of reducing sugar increased in cold stored potatoes due to the increased activities of carbohydrate splitting enzymes. Key words: Potatoes, Indigenous, Carbohydrate splitting enzymes, Sugars. DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3748 J. bio-sci. 16: 95-99, 2008

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2014

In last three decades, several studies were carried out on the D-galactose-specific lectin of Mom... more In last three decades, several studies were carried out on the D-galactose-specific lectin of Momordica charantia seeds (MCL). In the present study, in vitro growth inhibition (8-23 %) at different concentrations (6-24 μg/ml) of MCL was observed against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. MCL also showed 28, 45, and 75 % growth inhibitions against EAC cells when administered 1.2, 2.0, and 2.8 mg/kg/day (i.p.), respectively for five consequent days in vivo in mice. After lectin treatment, the level of red blood cell and hemoglobin was increased significantly with the decrease of white blood cell and maintained the normal level when compared with EAC-bearing control and normal mice without EAC cells. Although MCL caused cell cycle arrest at G 0 /G 1 phase of EAC cells, any irregular shape or apoptotic morphological alterations in the lectin-treated EAC cells was not observed by an optical and fluorescence microscope. Lectin showed toxicity against brine shrimp nauplii with an LC 50 value of 49.7 μg/ml. Four out of seven pathogenic bacteria were agglutinated by MCL in the Appl Biochem Biotechnol

Consumption of fish is very beneficial to the health and development of the human body. They prov... more Consumption of fish is very beneficial to the health and development of the human body. They provide essential nutrients to the human. Fish oil contains higher amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids which have significant effect in maintaining a healthy cardiac life. Biochemical composition of boal (Wallago attu) was determined. It was found that fishes are rich sources of protein and other nutrients. Boal contain higher amount of moisture 77.51±0.35 (g%). All the other parameters such as, protein, lipid, total sugar and ash were 13.12±1.24 (g%), 1.94±0.06 (g%), 0.05±0.01 (g%), 1.55±0.05 (g%) in boal. Boal fish oil was extracted using n-hexane by soxhlet apparatus. The percentage of oil from boal fish powder was 18.24(g% w/w). Lecithin was also extracted from this fish fleshes before and after oil extraction. Lecithin was 2.02 (g% w/w) and 3.68 (g% w/w) before and after oil extraction. The physicochemical properties of fish oil and lecithin were investigated. The saponification value...

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 2021

Aims: The demand for antioxidants from the natural source has drawn promising attention to outtur... more Aims: The demand for antioxidants from the natural source has drawn promising attention to outturn desired pharmacological effect by subsidizing the adverse effect for treating cancer. This study evaluated the antioxidant activity of Stephania japonica leaves extracts to explore the anticancer activity. Methods: Antioxidant potential of crude extracts were evaluated using various methods which include total antioxidant activity, ferric reducing antioxidant assay, DPPH free radical, ABTS free radical, nitric oxide and superoxide anion radical scavenging assay. Anticancer activity was determined in vitro by MTT assay and in vivo on mice against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell. Results: Phytoconstituents with free radical scavenging capacity were quantified in terms of inhibitory concentration (IC50) with the values of 17.00±3.22 µg/mL, 33.30 ± 5.45 µg/mL, 43.70±5.26 µg/mL and 52.30±1.07 µg/mL in DPPH, ABTS, superoxide anion radical and nitric oxide free radical scavenging assa...

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 2019

Aims: Presently the medicinal world is rapidly turning more on the therapeutic health benefits of... more Aims: Presently the medicinal world is rapidly turning more on the therapeutic health benefits of natural product and medicinal plants in the management of major crucial disease and their complications. Medicinal plant, Stephania japonica has been studied for exploring antidiabetic potentiality as an alternative source of medicine against the global threat of Diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: The extraction of S. japonica leaf was carried out by acetone and ethanol. Phytochemical screening and quantitative analysis of S. japonica leaf extracts were evaluated through chemically forming characterized color formation and calibration method respectively, by using standard reference substances (ascorbic acid, gallic acid, and quercetin) to assess the probable compounds present in the extract. Anti-diabetic potentiality of highest phytochemicals containing two extracts were investigated in in vitro as a ⍺-amylase inhibitors and in vivo through alloxan-induced Swiss albino diabetes mice mod...

International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 2016

Food Research International, 2014

… and Bioprocess Engineering, 2009

Three major classes of digestive enzymes of squid viscera were characterized following extraction... more Three major classes of digestive enzymes of squid viscera were characterized following extraction of oil by supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO 2) and organic solvent, n-hexane. Squid viscera were extracted at temperature, 35~45°C and pressure, 15~25 MPa for 2.5 h by SCO 2 with a constant flow rate of 22 g/min. Oil extraction yield increased with the increasing of extraction pressure and temperature. The highest oil extracted residues of squid viscera were used for characterization of digestive enzymes. The activities of protease, lipase, and amylase were highest in n-hexane treated squid viscera samples and lowest in SCO 2 treated samples. The crude extracts of SCO 2 and n-hexane treated squid viscera samples showed almost same optimum pH and pH stability for each of the digestive enzymes. The optimum temperature of protease, lipase, and amylase were found to almost similar in SCO 2 and n-hexane treated samples. But the thermal stability for each digestive enzyme in SCO 2 treated squid viscera were slightly higher than that of n-hexane treated squid viscera. Studies using SDS-PAGE showed no significant differences in protein patterns of the crude extracts of untreated and SCO 2 and n-hexane treated squid viscera indicating no denaturation of proteins. © KSBB

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 2015

Natural polymer chitosan has been widely applied to medical fields due to its biochemical activit... more Natural polymer chitosan has been widely applied to medical fields due to its biochemical activities such as anticancer, antibacterial and lowering cholesterol in addition to biocompatibility and biodegradability. Currently, researches are being actively conducted to develop various drug-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles for curing different diseases by applying chitosan to a drug delivery system. The free amine (-NH2) group present in chitosan can bind to various hydrophobic groups by physical and chemical modification and the chitosan with hydrophobic groups can form shell-core nanoparticles by self-assembly when dispersed in water. In addition, an insoluble drug can increase the solubility against water when it was encapsulated in the core of chitosan nanoparticles. Also, the therapy effect can be maximized by minimizing side effects of drugs such as proteins, anticancer drugs and vaccines when they were encapsulated in the core of chitosan nanoparticles. Moreover, it is possible to control the particle size and release rate according to the hydrophobic group introduced to chitosan, so that it can be applied to a wide range of medical fields. The purpose of this review is to discuss the preparation and property of chitosan nanoparticles modified with various hydrophobic groups, and the application to drug delivery systems according to their property.

Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2014

ABSTRACT Recent technological advances and the development of new methods has provided an opportu... more ABSTRACT Recent technological advances and the development of new methods has provided an opportunity to obtain highly purified natural bioactive compounds extracts with potential for the treatment and prevention of human diseases. The use of hazardous and toxic solvents in extraction and processing of bioactive compounds from plant materials is considered as a big problem in health, safety and environmental pollution. Advanced technology aims to increase the production of the desired compounds and find an alternative to using toxic solvents in the extraction processes of bioactive compounds from plant materials. The ever growing interest in plant bioactive compounds and today's concern on environment issues have led to an increase need for efficient and green extraction method. This review is focused on the extraction of bioactive compounds from plant using advanced and environmental friendly methods such as supercritical fluid extraction method, microwave-assisted extraction method, ultrasound-assisted extraction and similar techniques that can give fast and organic residues free extract. An update overview of the bioactive compounds present in plant of Phaleria macrocarpa and its extraction, fractionation, purification and isolation are provided. The advantages and disadvantages of both conventional and non-conventional extraction methods are also discussed in this review.

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2014

Phytosterols provide important health benefits: in particular, the lowering of cholesterol. From ... more Phytosterols provide important health benefits: in particular, the lowering of cholesterol. From environmental and commercial points of view, the most appropriate technique has been searched for extracting phytosterols from plant matrices. As a green technology, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using carbon dioxide (CO2 ) is widely used to extract bioactive compounds from different plant matrices. Several studies have been performed to extract phytosterols using supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2 ) and this technology has clearly offered potential advantages over conventional extraction methods. However, the efficiency of SFE technology fully relies on the processing parameters, chemistry of interest compounds, nature of the plant matrices and expertise of handling. This review covers SFE technology with particular reference to phytosterol extraction using SC-CO2 . Moreover, the chemistry of phytosterols, properties of supercritical fluids (SFs) and the applied experimental designs have been discussed for better understanding of phytosterol solubility in SC-CO2 . © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.

Squid viscera oil was investigated by pretreatment method for enhancing the commercial value. Tra... more Squid viscera oil was investigated by pretreatment method for enhancing the commercial value. Transeterification was performed to reduce rancidity of the oil, off-flavor was removed by using activated carbon adsorption. Analysis using ATD (Automatic Thermal Desorber) and GC/MG shows the efficacy of off-flavor removement. The rates of Transesterification employing inorganic catalyst and biocatalyst were tested, respectively. With stepwise addition of ethanol, the most efficiency of the reaction was achieved by inorganic catalyst. The efficiency of the reaction was estimated by acid value corresponding to rancidity of reaction product.

Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India, 2010

Subcritical water hydrolysis was carried out to produce valued materials from squid viscera, the ... more Subcritical water hydrolysis was carried out to produce valued materials from squid viscera, the waste product of fish processing industries. The reaction temperatures for hydrolysis of rawand deoiled squid viscera were maintained from 180 to 280 degrees C for5 min. The ratio of material to water forhydrolysis was 1:50. Most of the proteins from deoiled squid viscera were recovered at high temperature. The protein yield in raw squid viscera hydrolyzate decreased with the rise of temperature. The reducing sugar yield was higher at high temperature in subcritical water hydrolysis of both raw and deoiled squid viscera. The highest yield of amino acids in raw and deoiled squid viscera hydrolyzates were 233.25 +/- 3.25 and 533.78 +/- 4.13 mg g(-1) at 180 and 280 degrees C, respectively. Most amino acids attained highest yield at the reaction temperature range of 180-220 degrees C and 260-280 degrees C for raw and deoiled samples, respectively. The recovery of amino acids from deoiled squ...

Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India, 2008

The oil in mackerel viscera was extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2) at a semi-batch ... more The oil in mackerel viscera was extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2) at a semi-batch flow extraction process and the fatty acids composition in the oil was identified. Also the off-flavors removal in mackerel viscera and the storage improvement of the oils were carried out. As results obtained, by increasing pressure and temperature, quantity was increased. The maximum yield of oils obtained from mackerel viscera by SCO, extraction was 118 mgg(-1) (base on dry weight of freeze-dried raw anchovy) at 50 degrees C, 350 bar And the extracted oil contained high concentration of EPA and DHA. Also it was found that the autoxidation of the oils using SCO2 extraction occurred very slowly compared to the oils by organic solvent extraction. The off-flavors in the powder after SCO2 extraction were significantly removed. Especially complete removal of the trimethylamine which influences a negative compound to the products showed. Also other significant off-flavors such as aldehydes, ...

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2011

Particle design is presently a major development of supercritical fluids applications, mainly in ... more Particle design is presently a major development of supercritical fluids applications, mainly in the paint, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and specialty chemical industries. Supercritical fluids have been successfully used to obtain composites or encapsulates, which comprise an active compound loaded into a matrix of a carrier material, in order to improving product preservation as well as controlling the dissolution rate of the active compound. The particles from gas-saturated solution (PGSS) process has been used to micronize suspensions of different substances in polymer melts, in order to obtain composite materials. The particle formation of functional pigment with biodegradable polymer, polyethelene glycol (PEG) was performed by supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO 2) in a thermostated stirred vessel. PGSS were carried out in different temperatures and pressures to measure the optimum condition for the formation of functional pigment particle (pressure from 20 MPa to 25 MPa, temperature from 40 to 50°C). The average diameter of the particles obtained at different conditions was about 0.8-1.4 µm accompanied by the size reduction, comparing the size of unprocessed particles, 430 µm.

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2010

Lysozyme was extracted from aqueous solution into i-octane using reverse micelles in the presence... more Lysozyme was extracted from aqueous solution into i-octane using reverse micelles in the presence of pressurized CO 2. A squat vessel with two independent stirrers was used to measure the mass transfer of the lysozyme across a planar interface. Mass transfer coefficient, k L of the lysozyme from the aqueous to the organic phase was measured at selected ionic strengths, pH, sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) surfactant concentrations, temperatures and pressurized CO 2. The mass transfer rate of lysozyme was higher in high temperature (318 K) and pressure (20 MPa). pH of 9 in aqueous phase showed highest mass transfer rate of lysozyme. The application of pressurized CO 2 markedly increased the mass transfer rate of lysozyme comparing to conventional non-pressurized system.

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2011

Red pepper oil was extracted using near-and supercritical carbon dioxide. Extraction was carried ... more Red pepper oil was extracted using near-and supercritical carbon dioxide. Extraction was carried out at pressures ranging from 10 to 35 MPa and temperatures from 30 to 60 o C, with a CO 2 flow rate of 24.01 g/min using a semi-continuous high-pressure extraction apparatus. The duration for extraction was 2 h. The highest oil yield was found at high pressure and temperature. The highest solubility of oil (1.18 mg/g of CO 2) was found at 35 MPa and 60 o C. The solubility data of red pepper oil in near-and supercritical CO 2 were fitted in Chrastil model. The fatty acid composition of red pepper oil was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). Linoleic acid was found to be the major fatty acid in the oil. Capsaicin was quantified in different extracts by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The highest capsaicin yield was found at 35 MPa and 60 o C.

Journal of Food Science, 2011

Marine lecithin was isolated and characterized from squid (Todarodes pacificus) viscera residues ... more Marine lecithin was isolated and characterized from squid (Todarodes pacificus) viscera residues deoiled by supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO 2) extraction. SC-CO 2 extraction was carried out to extract the oil from squid viscera at different temperatures (35 to 45 • C) and pressures (15 to 25 MPa). The extraction yield was higher at highest temperature and pressure. The major phospholipids of squid viscera lecithin were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Phosphatidylcholine (PC; 80.5% ± 0.7%) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE; 13.2% ± 0.2%) were the main phospholipids. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed to purify the individual phospholipids. The fatty acid compositions of lecithin, PC and PE were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). A significant amount of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were present in both phospholipids of PC and PE. Emulsions of lecithin in water were prepared through the use of a homogenizer. The oxidative stability of squid viscera lecithin was high in spite of its high concentration of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Journal of Bio-Science, 2009

Significant differences were found in sugar content and carbohydrate splitting enzyme activities ... more Significant differences were found in sugar content and carbohydrate splitting enzyme activities in tubers of ten indigenous potato varieties at harvesting and after keeping at cold storage. The activities of invertase, amylase, β-galactosidase and cellulase in all varieties were found to be increased by 2-12, 1.2-4, 1.9-4.5, and 1.1-3.7 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored potatoes. The amount of starch and sucrose were found to be decreased by 1.15-2.8 and 1.02-1.4 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored in all varieties. Total soluble sugar and reducing sugar contents in potatoes were increased by 1.02-1.4 and 4-11 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored in all varieties of potatoes. The amount of reducing sugar increased in cold stored potatoes due to the increased activities of carbohydrate splitting enzymes. Key words: Potatoes, Indigenous, Carbohydrate splitting enzymes, Sugars. DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3748 J. bio-sci. 16: 95-99, 2008

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2014

In last three decades, several studies were carried out on the D-galactose-specific lectin of Mom... more In last three decades, several studies were carried out on the D-galactose-specific lectin of Momordica charantia seeds (MCL). In the present study, in vitro growth inhibition (8-23 %) at different concentrations (6-24 μg/ml) of MCL was observed against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. MCL also showed 28, 45, and 75 % growth inhibitions against EAC cells when administered 1.2, 2.0, and 2.8 mg/kg/day (i.p.), respectively for five consequent days in vivo in mice. After lectin treatment, the level of red blood cell and hemoglobin was increased significantly with the decrease of white blood cell and maintained the normal level when compared with EAC-bearing control and normal mice without EAC cells. Although MCL caused cell cycle arrest at G 0 /G 1 phase of EAC cells, any irregular shape or apoptotic morphological alterations in the lectin-treated EAC cells was not observed by an optical and fluorescence microscope. Lectin showed toxicity against brine shrimp nauplii with an LC 50 value of 49.7 μg/ml. Four out of seven pathogenic bacteria were agglutinated by MCL in the Appl Biochem Biotechnol

Consumption of fish is very beneficial to the health and development of the human body. They prov... more Consumption of fish is very beneficial to the health and development of the human body. They provide essential nutrients to the human. Fish oil contains higher amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids which have significant effect in maintaining a healthy cardiac life. Biochemical composition of boal (Wallago attu) was determined. It was found that fishes are rich sources of protein and other nutrients. Boal contain higher amount of moisture 77.51±0.35 (g%). All the other parameters such as, protein, lipid, total sugar and ash were 13.12±1.24 (g%), 1.94±0.06 (g%), 0.05±0.01 (g%), 1.55±0.05 (g%) in boal. Boal fish oil was extracted using n-hexane by soxhlet apparatus. The percentage of oil from boal fish powder was 18.24(g% w/w). Lecithin was also extracted from this fish fleshes before and after oil extraction. Lecithin was 2.02 (g% w/w) and 3.68 (g% w/w) before and after oil extraction. The physicochemical properties of fish oil and lecithin were investigated. The saponification value...

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 2021

Aims: The demand for antioxidants from the natural source has drawn promising attention to outtur... more Aims: The demand for antioxidants from the natural source has drawn promising attention to outturn desired pharmacological effect by subsidizing the adverse effect for treating cancer. This study evaluated the antioxidant activity of Stephania japonica leaves extracts to explore the anticancer activity. Methods: Antioxidant potential of crude extracts were evaluated using various methods which include total antioxidant activity, ferric reducing antioxidant assay, DPPH free radical, ABTS free radical, nitric oxide and superoxide anion radical scavenging assay. Anticancer activity was determined in vitro by MTT assay and in vivo on mice against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell. Results: Phytoconstituents with free radical scavenging capacity were quantified in terms of inhibitory concentration (IC50) with the values of 17.00±3.22 µg/mL, 33.30 ± 5.45 µg/mL, 43.70±5.26 µg/mL and 52.30±1.07 µg/mL in DPPH, ABTS, superoxide anion radical and nitric oxide free radical scavenging assa...

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 2019

Aims: Presently the medicinal world is rapidly turning more on the therapeutic health benefits of... more Aims: Presently the medicinal world is rapidly turning more on the therapeutic health benefits of natural product and medicinal plants in the management of major crucial disease and their complications. Medicinal plant, Stephania japonica has been studied for exploring antidiabetic potentiality as an alternative source of medicine against the global threat of Diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: The extraction of S. japonica leaf was carried out by acetone and ethanol. Phytochemical screening and quantitative analysis of S. japonica leaf extracts were evaluated through chemically forming characterized color formation and calibration method respectively, by using standard reference substances (ascorbic acid, gallic acid, and quercetin) to assess the probable compounds present in the extract. Anti-diabetic potentiality of highest phytochemicals containing two extracts were investigated in in vitro as a ⍺-amylase inhibitors and in vivo through alloxan-induced Swiss albino diabetes mice mod...

International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 2016

Food Research International, 2014

… and Bioprocess Engineering, 2009

Three major classes of digestive enzymes of squid viscera were characterized following extraction... more Three major classes of digestive enzymes of squid viscera were characterized following extraction of oil by supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO 2) and organic solvent, n-hexane. Squid viscera were extracted at temperature, 35~45°C and pressure, 15~25 MPa for 2.5 h by SCO 2 with a constant flow rate of 22 g/min. Oil extraction yield increased with the increasing of extraction pressure and temperature. The highest oil extracted residues of squid viscera were used for characterization of digestive enzymes. The activities of protease, lipase, and amylase were highest in n-hexane treated squid viscera samples and lowest in SCO 2 treated samples. The crude extracts of SCO 2 and n-hexane treated squid viscera samples showed almost same optimum pH and pH stability for each of the digestive enzymes. The optimum temperature of protease, lipase, and amylase were found to almost similar in SCO 2 and n-hexane treated samples. But the thermal stability for each digestive enzyme in SCO 2 treated squid viscera were slightly higher than that of n-hexane treated squid viscera. Studies using SDS-PAGE showed no significant differences in protein patterns of the crude extracts of untreated and SCO 2 and n-hexane treated squid viscera indicating no denaturation of proteins. © KSBB