Nonna Kushnirovich | Ruppin Academic Center (original) (raw)
Papers by Nonna Kushnirovich
Population research and policy review, Apr 1, 2024
Population Research and Policy Review , 2024
This paper focuses on the consequences of the implementation of a bilateral agreement between Isr... more This paper focuses on the consequences of the implementation of a bilateral agreement between Israel and Thailand for migrant workers in the agricultural sector. Its purpose is to shed light on the key mechanisms of the transition from the marketization to demarketization of recruiting migrant workers, and to show how this transition affects the forms of labor recruitment and its consequences for the labor migrants. The study is based on three face-to-face surveys conducted among 180 agricultural workers from Thailand. Fifty-five were surveyed in 2011 before the implementation of the bilateral agreement, and 125 were interviewed after the agreement was implemented. Relying on a “before” and “after design, we first highlight the ways in which the private recruitment industry operated in Israel in the context of a state-sponsored temporary labor migration program, identifying the actors involved in the process and explaining how they profited from the labor recruitment. Second, we shed light on the importance of bilateral agreements in eliminating illicit practices for recruiting foreign workers in Israel and its practical consequences for the Thai migrants arriving under the new arrangement. We discuss our findings in light of the theories presented in the paper.
Kultur und soziale Praxis, May 18, 2023
Kushnirovich, N. (2023). The theory of ethnic economics and ethnic economy. In Immigration and In... more Kushnirovich, N. (2023). The theory of ethnic economics and ethnic economy. In Immigration and Integration in Israel and Beyond. Ed. by Oshrat Hochman. Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag, 53-78.
Journal of Applied Social Psychology
This research investigated the effects of a single exposure to media content of a distinct valenc... more This research investigated the effects of a single exposure to media content of a distinct valence and mass‐mediated contact with a distant minority outgroup on feelings/attitudes toward a local outgroup. Experimental Study 1 was conducted among 314 Israeli Jews. The findings of Study 1 showed the effects of a single exposure to positive and negative media items about asylum seekers in Europe on perceived threats posed by them. In this study we did not find a carry‐over effect of single‐exposure to a media item about asylum seekers in Europe on feelings toward the local outgroup—asylum seekers in Israel. Study 2 was conducted through an online survey among 1039 Israeli Jews. It showed the effect of recurring mass‐mediated contact with asylum seekers in Europe on perceived threats posed by them. Both Study 1 and Study 2 found carry‐over effects of realistic and symbolic threats from asylum seekers in Europe on feelings/attitudes toward asylum seekers in Israel. The findings of Study ...
В данной работе исследованы различия в уровне личной экономической осведомленности между разными ... more В данной работе исследованы различия в уровне личной экономической осведомленности между разными группами населения. С помощью методов факторного, иерархического, кластерного и регрессионного анализа определены детерминанты экономической осведомленности населения. Исследование выявило довольно высокий уровень знаний о деятельности банковской системы и общей экономической осведомленности. Макроэкономическая и особенно финансовая осведомленность населения были значительно ниже. Как показало исследование, пол, возраст, образование, доход, занятость на рынке труда и факт иммиграции оказывают значительное влияние на экономическую осведомленность. Мужчины, люди с высоким уровнем образования, коренные жители страны составили большинство в группе с высоким уровнем осведомленности. Соотвественно женщины, люди с низким уровнем образования, а также иммигранты составили большинство в группе с низким уровнем осведомленности. Таким образом, экономическая осведомленность женщин-иммигранток являетс...
Population Research and Policy Review, 2021
The purpose of the paper was to investigate the remittance behavior of immigrant citizens and the... more The purpose of the paper was to investigate the remittance behavior of immigrant citizens and the motivations behind it, to conceptualize and investigate the determinants of remittances, which have unique implications for immigrant citizens. In addition to the general effects, this study considered effects across immigrant groups and justified that these effects were similar regardless immigrants' origin. The study is based on the data of the 2011 Immigrant Survey that was conducted by the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. This survey is unique since this is the only survey of immigrants in Israel which included questions about personal remittances, transnational activities and social adaptation. The sample of the survey was representative of the population of immigrant citizens in Israel and included 3,952 respondents. The study results revealed that remittance behavior of immigrant citizens is predominantly driven by motives of altruism, and only in part by insurance and investment motivation.
transcript Verlag eBooks, Dec 31, 2023
Kushnirovich, N. (2023). The theory of ethnic economics and ethnic economy. In Immigration and In... more Kushnirovich, N. (2023). The theory of ethnic economics and ethnic economy. In Immigration and Integration in Israel and Beyond. Ed. by Oshrat Hochman. Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag, 53-78.
Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy
The study examines whether qualitative and quantitative characteristics of intercultural service ... more The study examines whether qualitative and quantitative characteristics of intercultural service encounters (ISEs) between majority customers and ethnic minority service providers are associated with better attitudes toward the entire minority group. The study was conducted in Israel through an online survey of 402 respondents. The study revealed that the customers derived pleasure from high perceived value of services and from taking advantage of a good deal. This pleasure, in turn, was positively related to attitudes toward the outgroup. High perceived value of service was associated with higher frequency of ISE that may be interpreted as repurchasing behavior. Overall, the total effect of perceived value of services between majority population and ethnic minority on attitudes toward this minority was significant and positive. Thus, economic beneficiality, which is a very important component of ISE, may contribute to improving relationships between groups in deep conflict. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Theoretical Inquiries in Law
We examine the short-term and long-term impact of bilateral agreements on migrant workers’ vulner... more We examine the short-term and long-term impact of bilateral agreements on migrant workers’ vulnerability during their employment in Israel. To do so, we developed the Vulnerability Index of Migrant Workers based on five dimensions: poor working conditions, poor living conditions, poor safety conditions, low wages, and dependence on migration costs. We focus on migrant workers arriving in Israel from two different countries (China and Thailand), employed in two different sectors of the economy (construction and agriculture, respectively). Data was gathered through a survey conducted among workers arriving from both countries before and after the implementation of the bilateral agreements. The study revealed that after the implementation of bilateral agreements, the working, living and safety conditions of migrant workers remained poor or even worsened. For Thai workers, there was a slight improvement in the working and living conditions in the short term after the bilateral agreement...
Theoretical Inquiries in Law, 2022
We examine the short-term and long-term impact of bilateral agreements on migrant workers' vulner... more We examine the short-term and long-term impact of bilateral agreements on migrant workers' vulnerability during their employment in Israel. To do so, we developed the Vulnerability Index of Migrant Workers based on five dimensions: poor working conditions, poor living conditions, poor safety conditions, low wages, and dependence on migration costs. We focus on migrant workers arriving in Israel from two different countries (China and Thailand), employed in two different sectors of the economy (construction and agriculture, respectively). Data was gathered through a survey conducted among workers arriving from both countries before and after the implementation of the bilateral agreements. The study revealed that after the implementation of bilateral agreements, the working, living and safety conditions of migrant workers remained poor or even worsened. For Thai workers, there was a slight improvement in the working and living conditions in the short term after the bilateral agreement, but they worsened in the long run. The total Index of Vulnerability of both groups showed improvement due to the dramatic decrease in dependence on migration costs, despite the deterioration in some working and living conditions and the reduction in migrant workers' relative wages.
Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 2022
The study examines whether qualitative and quantitative characteristics of intercultural service ... more The study examines whether qualitative and quantitative characteristics of intercultural service encounters (ISEs) between majority customers and ethnic minority service providers are associated with better attitudes toward the entire minority group. The study was conducted in Israel through an online survey of 402 respondents. The study revealed that the customers derived pleasure from high perceived value of services and from taking advantage of a good deal. This pleasure, in turn, was positively related to attitudes toward the outgroup. High perceived value of service was associated with higher frequency of ISE that may be interpreted as repurchasing behavior. Overall, the total effect of perceived value of services between majority population and ethnic minority on attitudes toward this minority was significant and positive. Thus, economic beneficiality, which is a very important component of ISE, may contribute to improving relationships between groups in deep conflict. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 2022
The current study investigated how media exposure to a distant outgroup – asylum seekers in the E... more The current study investigated how media exposure to a distant outgroup – asylum seekers in the European Union (EUAS) – may be associated with the transference of geographically distant foreign threats via Israeli media to Israeli local minorities. The study was based on an online survey of 1039 Israeli Jews. We found positive associations between frequency of exposure to negative EUAS media content and physical and symbolic threats domesticated from foreign outgroups to the local ground. Frequent exposure to negative EUAS media content was associated with worse attitudes toward asylum seekers in Israel. Thus, the media framing of remote groups and events can have important, long-lasting local consequences, including, most obviously, social and political implications.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021
This paper used Hobfoll’s conservation of resources theory as a theoretical framework to investig... more This paper used Hobfoll’s conservation of resources theory as a theoretical framework to investigate which kinds of resource loss predicted the emotional well-being (EWB) of ethnic minorities and majority populations during a period of crisis. Data were collected from a national representative survey conducted by the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample included 1157 respondents, including 174 Israeli Palestinian citizens (ethnic minority) and 983 Israeli Jews (majority population). Measures of EWB, actual losses and threats of losses of economic, social, and health resources were examined. The results showed that the losses of economic, social, and health resources reduced the EWB of individuals. Negative effects of the actual losses of resources on EWB were greater than those of the perceived threats of loss. The largest effect was for economic resources. There were differences in effects between the ethnic minorities and the majority popula...
Demography and social economy, 2012
Introduction. Most developed countries experience a lack of labor force, especially for unskilled... more Introduction. Most developed countries experience a lack of labor force, especially for unskilled, physically hard or seasonal work in such sectors as agriculture, construction, care-giving and domestic sector [9, p. 3]. Migrant workers are often employed in jobs that are known as ‘3D’ – dirty, dangerous and demeaning. With rising living standards and educational level, the local population in developed countries avoids entering unqualified, low paid or strenuous jobs. Citizens of these countries prefer to be unemployed rather than engage such jobs. In order to fill the shortage in labor force, many countries invite immigrants and temporary guest workers.
Population Research and Policy Review, 2021
Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies, 2021
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of perceived threat from asylum seekers i... more The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of perceived threat from asylum seekers in EU (EUAS) on attitudes toward Israeli local outgroups, controlling for face to-face interaction with the latter. The study was conducted using an online survey of 1311 Israeli Jews. Realistic threat from EUAS was negatively related to positive attitudes toward three local outgroups, while the association between symbolic threat from EUAS and attitudes toward the local outgroups was insignificant. The effect of distant realistic threat was more pronounced than the effect of symbolic threat and the effect of face-to-face contact.
Social Science Research, 2020
This study investigated the impact of personal vs. institutional discrimination on the emotional ... more This study investigated the impact of personal vs. institutional discrimination on the emotional well-being (EWB) of immigrant and ethnic minorities, and a possible protective mechanism of economic achievements that may buffer the negative effects of discrimination. Data were collected from the Israeli 2015 Social Survey. Immigrant minorities were those who came to Israel after 1980. Israeli Palestinians were regarded as an ethnic minority. The study showed that perceived unfairness and discrimination in public institutions, which were not necessarily directed towards individuals or their minority group, threatens EWB of minorities to an extent similar to that of personally experienced discrimination. Income moderated the effects of common and personal discrimination on EWB of immigrant and ethnic minorities, but not in the same way across the various groups. The study provides evidence that income may be a resilience factor, which buffers and compensates for the negative effect of discrimination on minorities' EWB.
Journal of Homosexuality, 2020
Using a mixed methods approach, this research focuses on the association between exposure to onli... more Using a mixed methods approach, this research focuses on the association between exposure to online LGBT-related content and direct contact with LGBT people. We found that online parasocial contact facilitates both offline and online social interaction with members of the LGBT community. Consistent with parasocial contact theory, we found a positive association between exposure to LGBT-related content in online news and on social media and attitudes toward LGBT people. Moreover, these attitudes partly mediated the association between parasocial contact in digital media and social contact. Such mediation was found for all types of parasocial contact (online news and social media) and all types of direct social contact (offline and online). We also found that uncertainty reduction, humanization, and crowdsourcing can be important facilitators for effective parasocial contact with minorities through digital media.
Journal of Happiness Studies, 2020
The paper suggests a happiness technology in which income, and personal values and philosophy of ... more The paper suggests a happiness technology in which income, and personal values and philosophy of life (PVPL) serve as means of happiness production. We offer a theoretical model predicting that people who underinvest in acquiring PVPL will have greater income but produce less happiness. We also present empirical evidence, obtained by analyzing survey results from 980 salaried employees aged 25-64, confirming that the association between income and subjective well-being is relatively small. We find that PVPL, as measured by materialistic values, maximization tendency, and income satisfaction, is an important predictor of personal happiness even when controlling for socio-demographic factors and health status. In addition, we show that the components of PVPL are not strongly correlated among themselves or with income, implying that each one makes an important contribution to happiness given the same amount of money.
Population research and policy review, Apr 1, 2024
Population Research and Policy Review , 2024
This paper focuses on the consequences of the implementation of a bilateral agreement between Isr... more This paper focuses on the consequences of the implementation of a bilateral agreement between Israel and Thailand for migrant workers in the agricultural sector. Its purpose is to shed light on the key mechanisms of the transition from the marketization to demarketization of recruiting migrant workers, and to show how this transition affects the forms of labor recruitment and its consequences for the labor migrants. The study is based on three face-to-face surveys conducted among 180 agricultural workers from Thailand. Fifty-five were surveyed in 2011 before the implementation of the bilateral agreement, and 125 were interviewed after the agreement was implemented. Relying on a “before” and “after design, we first highlight the ways in which the private recruitment industry operated in Israel in the context of a state-sponsored temporary labor migration program, identifying the actors involved in the process and explaining how they profited from the labor recruitment. Second, we shed light on the importance of bilateral agreements in eliminating illicit practices for recruiting foreign workers in Israel and its practical consequences for the Thai migrants arriving under the new arrangement. We discuss our findings in light of the theories presented in the paper.
Kultur und soziale Praxis, May 18, 2023
Kushnirovich, N. (2023). The theory of ethnic economics and ethnic economy. In Immigration and In... more Kushnirovich, N. (2023). The theory of ethnic economics and ethnic economy. In Immigration and Integration in Israel and Beyond. Ed. by Oshrat Hochman. Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag, 53-78.
Journal of Applied Social Psychology
This research investigated the effects of a single exposure to media content of a distinct valenc... more This research investigated the effects of a single exposure to media content of a distinct valence and mass‐mediated contact with a distant minority outgroup on feelings/attitudes toward a local outgroup. Experimental Study 1 was conducted among 314 Israeli Jews. The findings of Study 1 showed the effects of a single exposure to positive and negative media items about asylum seekers in Europe on perceived threats posed by them. In this study we did not find a carry‐over effect of single‐exposure to a media item about asylum seekers in Europe on feelings toward the local outgroup—asylum seekers in Israel. Study 2 was conducted through an online survey among 1039 Israeli Jews. It showed the effect of recurring mass‐mediated contact with asylum seekers in Europe on perceived threats posed by them. Both Study 1 and Study 2 found carry‐over effects of realistic and symbolic threats from asylum seekers in Europe on feelings/attitudes toward asylum seekers in Israel. The findings of Study ...
В данной работе исследованы различия в уровне личной экономической осведомленности между разными ... more В данной работе исследованы различия в уровне личной экономической осведомленности между разными группами населения. С помощью методов факторного, иерархического, кластерного и регрессионного анализа определены детерминанты экономической осведомленности населения. Исследование выявило довольно высокий уровень знаний о деятельности банковской системы и общей экономической осведомленности. Макроэкономическая и особенно финансовая осведомленность населения были значительно ниже. Как показало исследование, пол, возраст, образование, доход, занятость на рынке труда и факт иммиграции оказывают значительное влияние на экономическую осведомленность. Мужчины, люди с высоким уровнем образования, коренные жители страны составили большинство в группе с высоким уровнем осведомленности. Соотвественно женщины, люди с низким уровнем образования, а также иммигранты составили большинство в группе с низким уровнем осведомленности. Таким образом, экономическая осведомленность женщин-иммигранток являетс...
Population Research and Policy Review, 2021
The purpose of the paper was to investigate the remittance behavior of immigrant citizens and the... more The purpose of the paper was to investigate the remittance behavior of immigrant citizens and the motivations behind it, to conceptualize and investigate the determinants of remittances, which have unique implications for immigrant citizens. In addition to the general effects, this study considered effects across immigrant groups and justified that these effects were similar regardless immigrants' origin. The study is based on the data of the 2011 Immigrant Survey that was conducted by the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. This survey is unique since this is the only survey of immigrants in Israel which included questions about personal remittances, transnational activities and social adaptation. The sample of the survey was representative of the population of immigrant citizens in Israel and included 3,952 respondents. The study results revealed that remittance behavior of immigrant citizens is predominantly driven by motives of altruism, and only in part by insurance and investment motivation.
transcript Verlag eBooks, Dec 31, 2023
Kushnirovich, N. (2023). The theory of ethnic economics and ethnic economy. In Immigration and In... more Kushnirovich, N. (2023). The theory of ethnic economics and ethnic economy. In Immigration and Integration in Israel and Beyond. Ed. by Oshrat Hochman. Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag, 53-78.
Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy
The study examines whether qualitative and quantitative characteristics of intercultural service ... more The study examines whether qualitative and quantitative characteristics of intercultural service encounters (ISEs) between majority customers and ethnic minority service providers are associated with better attitudes toward the entire minority group. The study was conducted in Israel through an online survey of 402 respondents. The study revealed that the customers derived pleasure from high perceived value of services and from taking advantage of a good deal. This pleasure, in turn, was positively related to attitudes toward the outgroup. High perceived value of service was associated with higher frequency of ISE that may be interpreted as repurchasing behavior. Overall, the total effect of perceived value of services between majority population and ethnic minority on attitudes toward this minority was significant and positive. Thus, economic beneficiality, which is a very important component of ISE, may contribute to improving relationships between groups in deep conflict. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Theoretical Inquiries in Law
We examine the short-term and long-term impact of bilateral agreements on migrant workers’ vulner... more We examine the short-term and long-term impact of bilateral agreements on migrant workers’ vulnerability during their employment in Israel. To do so, we developed the Vulnerability Index of Migrant Workers based on five dimensions: poor working conditions, poor living conditions, poor safety conditions, low wages, and dependence on migration costs. We focus on migrant workers arriving in Israel from two different countries (China and Thailand), employed in two different sectors of the economy (construction and agriculture, respectively). Data was gathered through a survey conducted among workers arriving from both countries before and after the implementation of the bilateral agreements. The study revealed that after the implementation of bilateral agreements, the working, living and safety conditions of migrant workers remained poor or even worsened. For Thai workers, there was a slight improvement in the working and living conditions in the short term after the bilateral agreement...
Theoretical Inquiries in Law, 2022
We examine the short-term and long-term impact of bilateral agreements on migrant workers' vulner... more We examine the short-term and long-term impact of bilateral agreements on migrant workers' vulnerability during their employment in Israel. To do so, we developed the Vulnerability Index of Migrant Workers based on five dimensions: poor working conditions, poor living conditions, poor safety conditions, low wages, and dependence on migration costs. We focus on migrant workers arriving in Israel from two different countries (China and Thailand), employed in two different sectors of the economy (construction and agriculture, respectively). Data was gathered through a survey conducted among workers arriving from both countries before and after the implementation of the bilateral agreements. The study revealed that after the implementation of bilateral agreements, the working, living and safety conditions of migrant workers remained poor or even worsened. For Thai workers, there was a slight improvement in the working and living conditions in the short term after the bilateral agreement, but they worsened in the long run. The total Index of Vulnerability of both groups showed improvement due to the dramatic decrease in dependence on migration costs, despite the deterioration in some working and living conditions and the reduction in migrant workers' relative wages.
Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 2022
The study examines whether qualitative and quantitative characteristics of intercultural service ... more The study examines whether qualitative and quantitative characteristics of intercultural service encounters (ISEs) between majority customers and ethnic minority service providers are associated with better attitudes toward the entire minority group. The study was conducted in Israel through an online survey of 402 respondents. The study revealed that the customers derived pleasure from high perceived value of services and from taking advantage of a good deal. This pleasure, in turn, was positively related to attitudes toward the outgroup. High perceived value of service was associated with higher frequency of ISE that may be interpreted as repurchasing behavior. Overall, the total effect of perceived value of services between majority population and ethnic minority on attitudes toward this minority was significant and positive. Thus, economic beneficiality, which is a very important component of ISE, may contribute to improving relationships between groups in deep conflict. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 2022
The current study investigated how media exposure to a distant outgroup – asylum seekers in the E... more The current study investigated how media exposure to a distant outgroup – asylum seekers in the European Union (EUAS) – may be associated with the transference of geographically distant foreign threats via Israeli media to Israeli local minorities. The study was based on an online survey of 1039 Israeli Jews. We found positive associations between frequency of exposure to negative EUAS media content and physical and symbolic threats domesticated from foreign outgroups to the local ground. Frequent exposure to negative EUAS media content was associated with worse attitudes toward asylum seekers in Israel. Thus, the media framing of remote groups and events can have important, long-lasting local consequences, including, most obviously, social and political implications.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021
This paper used Hobfoll’s conservation of resources theory as a theoretical framework to investig... more This paper used Hobfoll’s conservation of resources theory as a theoretical framework to investigate which kinds of resource loss predicted the emotional well-being (EWB) of ethnic minorities and majority populations during a period of crisis. Data were collected from a national representative survey conducted by the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample included 1157 respondents, including 174 Israeli Palestinian citizens (ethnic minority) and 983 Israeli Jews (majority population). Measures of EWB, actual losses and threats of losses of economic, social, and health resources were examined. The results showed that the losses of economic, social, and health resources reduced the EWB of individuals. Negative effects of the actual losses of resources on EWB were greater than those of the perceived threats of loss. The largest effect was for economic resources. There were differences in effects between the ethnic minorities and the majority popula...
Demography and social economy, 2012
Introduction. Most developed countries experience a lack of labor force, especially for unskilled... more Introduction. Most developed countries experience a lack of labor force, especially for unskilled, physically hard or seasonal work in such sectors as agriculture, construction, care-giving and domestic sector [9, p. 3]. Migrant workers are often employed in jobs that are known as ‘3D’ – dirty, dangerous and demeaning. With rising living standards and educational level, the local population in developed countries avoids entering unqualified, low paid or strenuous jobs. Citizens of these countries prefer to be unemployed rather than engage such jobs. In order to fill the shortage in labor force, many countries invite immigrants and temporary guest workers.
Population Research and Policy Review, 2021
Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies, 2021
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of perceived threat from asylum seekers i... more The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of perceived threat from asylum seekers in EU (EUAS) on attitudes toward Israeli local outgroups, controlling for face to-face interaction with the latter. The study was conducted using an online survey of 1311 Israeli Jews. Realistic threat from EUAS was negatively related to positive attitudes toward three local outgroups, while the association between symbolic threat from EUAS and attitudes toward the local outgroups was insignificant. The effect of distant realistic threat was more pronounced than the effect of symbolic threat and the effect of face-to-face contact.
Social Science Research, 2020
This study investigated the impact of personal vs. institutional discrimination on the emotional ... more This study investigated the impact of personal vs. institutional discrimination on the emotional well-being (EWB) of immigrant and ethnic minorities, and a possible protective mechanism of economic achievements that may buffer the negative effects of discrimination. Data were collected from the Israeli 2015 Social Survey. Immigrant minorities were those who came to Israel after 1980. Israeli Palestinians were regarded as an ethnic minority. The study showed that perceived unfairness and discrimination in public institutions, which were not necessarily directed towards individuals or their minority group, threatens EWB of minorities to an extent similar to that of personally experienced discrimination. Income moderated the effects of common and personal discrimination on EWB of immigrant and ethnic minorities, but not in the same way across the various groups. The study provides evidence that income may be a resilience factor, which buffers and compensates for the negative effect of discrimination on minorities' EWB.
Journal of Homosexuality, 2020
Using a mixed methods approach, this research focuses on the association between exposure to onli... more Using a mixed methods approach, this research focuses on the association between exposure to online LGBT-related content and direct contact with LGBT people. We found that online parasocial contact facilitates both offline and online social interaction with members of the LGBT community. Consistent with parasocial contact theory, we found a positive association between exposure to LGBT-related content in online news and on social media and attitudes toward LGBT people. Moreover, these attitudes partly mediated the association between parasocial contact in digital media and social contact. Such mediation was found for all types of parasocial contact (online news and social media) and all types of direct social contact (offline and online). We also found that uncertainty reduction, humanization, and crowdsourcing can be important facilitators for effective parasocial contact with minorities through digital media.
Journal of Happiness Studies, 2020
The paper suggests a happiness technology in which income, and personal values and philosophy of ... more The paper suggests a happiness technology in which income, and personal values and philosophy of life (PVPL) serve as means of happiness production. We offer a theoretical model predicting that people who underinvest in acquiring PVPL will have greater income but produce less happiness. We also present empirical evidence, obtained by analyzing survey results from 980 salaried employees aged 25-64, confirming that the association between income and subjective well-being is relatively small. We find that PVPL, as measured by materialistic values, maximization tendency, and income satisfaction, is an important predictor of personal happiness even when controlling for socio-demographic factors and health status. In addition, we show that the components of PVPL are not strongly correlated among themselves or with income, implying that each one makes an important contribution to happiness given the same amount of money.