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Life lessons are learnt when we are faced with adversity. Since writing this colossal piece of wo... more Life lessons are learnt when we are faced with adversity. Since writing this colossal piece of work was no less, the most profound philosophical truths dawned upon the author's head during the journey. And what better an opportunity to sermonize than the only section of a book which gives absolute discretion to the Author! Of course, the rare super-interested reader's temper and patience will not be tested, and I shall limit myself to expounding no more than two life lessons. First, uncertainty can often be the source of the most-unexpected experiences. My journey at P&G always started with me not having an iota of idea about what I would work on. And yet, each of the bold steps (one before starting an internship, and the other before starting this thesis) always led to work on solving problems that I could never have imagined existed. For one, the very application of this thesis in the consumer goods sector is rather astonishing to someone who is not from the area. Never would I have expected to have worked on such a topic, for such an application. And yet taking the step into uncertainty was key. As I learnt recently, in any decision-making process, there comes a point beyond which no new data can add an advantage. It comes down to a gut-feeling… a tide in the affairs of men, which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune… I dare not say the rest. Second, in life, like in modelling, there is no point in waiting for the ultimate, perfect, final wonderful, flawless, target. One must work with what one has and keep refining the "model" continuously. Had doctors decided to wait for CT-Scans instead of working with X-Rays, Orthopaedic practice would have been limited to the Clavicle, Radius, Ulna, Femur, Fibula and the Tibia; and I would have been treating people! In writing this Thesis, an earlier start to jotting down ideas instead of waiting for the perfect flow would have gone a long way in preventing my late Zombie nights for over a month. To recognize and accept the limitations, and then march on in pursuit of the goal is the key. It must now be apparent to the reader what great erudition the author has seen in his own journey. But humour aside, the journey has actually brought me several lessons, for which I am grateful to the ones who shepherded me into making it. Foremost, an acknowledgment of the source of all that I am today-my parents Dr. Gourikumar Prusty and Dr. Mala Chattopadhyay. Next, the evil sibling, Dr. Lydia Prusty, since someone needs to be the recipient of these sermons. I extend my heartfelt gratitude to Mr. Andrea Rossetti for this opportunity and his trust, and Dr. Michael Ban for his serene guidance throughout the time of this project. I am indebted to the support I received from the wonderful people at GMDSO FemCare, Analytical, FEI BabyCare and other departments at P&G-their critical inputs were indispensable for the success of the modeling approach developed.
Life lessons are learnt when we are faced with adversity. Since writing this colossal piece of wo... more Life lessons are learnt when we are faced with adversity. Since writing this colossal piece of work was no less, the most profound philosophical truths dawned upon the author's head during the journey. And what better an opportunity to sermonize than the only section of a book which gives absolute discretion to the Author! Of course, the rare super-interested reader's temper and patience will not be tested, and I shall limit myself to expounding no more than two life lessons. First, uncertainty can often be the source of the most-unexpected experiences. My journey at P&G always started with me not having an iota of idea about what I would work on. And yet, each of the bold steps (one before starting an internship, and the other before starting this thesis) always led to work on solving problems that I could never have imagined existed. For one, the very application of this thesis in the consumer goods sector is rather astonishing to someone who is not from the area. Never would I have expected to have worked on such a topic, for such an application. And yet taking the step into uncertainty was key. As I learnt recently, in any decision-making process, there comes a point beyond which no new data can add an advantage. It comes down to a gut-feeling… a tide in the affairs of men, which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune… I dare not say the rest. Second, in life, like in modelling, there is no point in waiting for the ultimate, perfect, final wonderful, flawless, target. One must work with what one has and keep refining the "model" continuously. Had doctors decided to wait for CT-Scans instead of working with X-Rays, Orthopaedic practice would have been limited to the Clavicle, Radius, Ulna, Femur, Fibula and the Tibia; and I would have been treating people! In writing this Thesis, an earlier start to jotting down ideas instead of waiting for the perfect flow would have gone a long way in preventing my late Zombie nights for over a month. To recognize and accept the limitations, and then march on in pursuit of the goal is the key. It must now be apparent to the reader what great erudition the author has seen in his own journey. But humour aside, the journey has actually brought me several lessons, for which I am grateful to the ones who shepherded me into making it. Foremost, an acknowledgment of the source of all that I am today-my parents Dr. Gourikumar Prusty and Dr. Mala Chattopadhyay. Next, the evil sibling, Dr. Lydia Prusty, since someone needs to be the recipient of these sermons. I extend my heartfelt gratitude to Mr. Andrea Rossetti for this opportunity and his trust, and Dr. Michael Ban for his serene guidance throughout the time of this project. I am indebted to the support I received from the wonderful people at GMDSO FemCare, Analytical, FEI BabyCare and other departments at P&G-their critical inputs were indispensable for the success of the modeling approach developed.
The word Robot was first used by the Czech writer Karel Čapek in his play R.U.R. (Rossum's Univer... more The word Robot was first used by the Czech writer Karel Čapek in his play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots), published in 1920. In his work, Čapek had raised important questions regarding the outcomes of robots replacing human beings in carrying out every day work. Since then, we have come a long way. It has not been easy, but humans have learnt to accept the fact that computers can be faster and more efficient at certain tasks. We grew over the “uncanny valley”.1 With Robotics and Automation breaking new boundaries every day in our century, the question is no longer whether Robots will take over a majority of our present day jobs. Instead, we merely ask the question – When?
Healthcare however is a sensitive topic in this regard. It remains a field which requires utmost care, efficiency, stringent certifications, quality control, and safety. Such protective barricades have meant that clinical trials have been difficult when it comes to applying robotics in surgical procedures. On the brighter side, it has led to only robust and fool-proof systems making it to implementation. A deeper question can be found at the roots of this – Are we ready to leave our health and lives at the hands of robots?
Why not? Already, decisions for target designation and elimination are being taken on the battlefield by Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems (LAWS) in real time. We are deciding where to send aid and where to channel funds based on statistics and results generated by intelligent algorithms. Ofcourse, the financial markets, the warzone and Hospitals are completely different environments, but we cannot deny that we are already leaving more to computers today than we would have deemed “safe” a decade ago.
Overview
As a short overview to this article, we will put forward briefly the milestones we have crossed, our progress, where we stand today, and finally discuss, or attempt to contemplate what the future holds for Robotics in Healthcare. Since there are already numerous sources which can give and elaborate on the specific examples of various systems already in use today, we will skip these details and instead ponder on future challenges and more fundamental questions attached to the philosophy of robots replacing doctors (if that is at all possible).
It is also important to note that while the word Robot traditionally conveys an image of a mechanical device in motion carrying out various tasks, we will include Intelligence in our perspective. Intelligence, and the ability to think, gauge and decide are important functions that will decide the potency of Robotic Systems, rather than just their ability to be stronger and capable of moving heavy objects! With regards to healthcare, this becomes far more important when decisions of life and death need to be taken. Already, we see an attempt to simulate cognition in various projects involving artificial intelligence and neural networks. Such non-physical robotic systems will form the bedrock for decision making in the future.
This paper considers a computation method for accepting data about the present status of a motor,... more This paper considers a computation method for
accepting data about the present status of a motor, and then
controlling it to move in a specific direction, up to a specific
limit using the CANopen communication protocol. The
investigation is focused on developing a reliable algorithm for
controlling such motors in a CANopen network with multiple
nodes (based on the BioBike project being carried out at
Hochschule Ulm, Germany). PIC microcontrollers are used to
communicate over the CAN bus-network, along with a
Bluetooth interface to communicate with a control program on
a remote computer. The major considerations in coding the
embedded programs for such communication are explained.
Special attention is paid to the management of data traffic and
to improving the response of various nodes over the network.
CANopen serves as one of the few truly independent communication protocols open to customization ... more CANopen serves as one of the few truly independent communication protocols open to customization and interfacing of various technologies on multiple networks. This report introduces the basic structure of CANopen and its advantages. It also discusses examples of its myriad applications and its future prospects in a fast developing world.
Reports by Vedant Prusty
This (simulated) Project proporal aims to identify key reasons behind the low usage of the DigiLo... more This (simulated) Project proporal aims to identify key reasons behind the low usage of the DigiLocker Facility in India and its poor adoption by various organisations, both public and Private. It will then identify the root causes, their effect and suggest an intervention logic. The Project is planned as a ‘revitalization’ strategy for the dying DigiLocker Program., launched by the Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology.
This Document is an academic endeavor in simulating a Project Managment task and its related proposal. It explores potential problems plaguing the present DigiLocker Program and how they might be solved. While all care has been taken to try and keep all information relevant, and the timelines and costs realistic, it should not be considered as absolute. The Project Proposal has NO involvement from the Govt. of India or its related organs.
(Dieser Artikel ist eine ungenau Übersetzung der Originalversion auf Englisch) gibt derOriginal h... more (Dieser Artikel ist eine ungenau Übersetzung der Originalversion auf Englisch) gibt derOriginal hier:
https://www.academia.edu/33891653/Robots_and_Intelligence_Progress_Scope_and_Future_in_Healthcare
Leider, zum Zeitpunkt des Schreibens dieses Artikels, war ich nur 3 Monate in Deutschland - der Beweis ist die Grammatik dieses Artikels!
------------------------------------------------------
Das Wort Robot wurde zuerst von dem tschechischen Schriftsteller Karel Čapek in seinem Stück R.U.R. (Rossums Universalroboter), veröffentlicht 1920. In seiner Arbeit hatte Čapek wichtige Fragen über die Ergebnisse von Robotern, die die Menschen bei der Durchführung der täglichen Arbeit ersetzen, aufgeworfen. Seitdem sind wir weit gekommen. Es war nicht einfach, aber die Menschen haben gelernt, die Tatsache zu akzeptieren, dass Computer bei bestimmten Aufgaben schneller und effizienter sein können. Wir wuchsen über die “uncanny valley”.1 Mit Robotik und Automation, die jeden Tag in unserem Jahrhundert neue Grenzen überschreiten, ist die Frage nicht mehr, ob Roboter die Mehrheit unserer heutigen Arbeitsplätze übernehmen wird. Stattdessen stellen wir nur die Frage - Wann?
Gesundheitswesen ist in dieser Hinsicht ein sensibles Thema. Es bleibt ein Feld, das höchste Sorgfalt, Effizienz, strenge Zertifizierungen, Qualitätskontrolle und Sicherheit erfordert. Solche Schutzbarrikaden haben dazu geführt, dass klinische Studien schwierig waren, wenn es darum geht, Robotik in chirurgischen Verfahren anzuwenden. Auf der helleren Seite hat es nur zu robusten Systemen geführt, die die Umsetzung erreichen. Eine tiefere Frage findet sich an den Wurzeln davon - Sind wir bereit, unsere Gesundheit zu verlassen und in den Händen von Robotern zu leben?
Warum nicht? Schon jetzt werden Entscheidungen über die Zielbezeichnung und Beseitigung auf dem Schlachtfeld der tödlichen Autonome Waffensysteme (LAWS) in Echtzeit gemacht. Wir entscheiden, wo wir Hilfe senden und wo die Ressourcen auf der Grundlage von Statistiken und Ergebnissen aus intelligenten Algorithmen generiert werden. Natürlich sind die Finanzmärkte, die Kriegsgebiete und die Krankenhäuser völlig andere Umgebungen, aber wir können nicht leugnen, dass wir schon wieder auf mehr Computer zurückgehen, als wir es vor zehn Jahren als "sicher" gesehen hatten.
Überblick
Als kurzer Überblick zu diesem Artikel werden wir kurz die Meilensteine vorstellen, die wir überschritten haben, unsere Fortschritte, wo wir heute stehen und schließlich diskutieren oder versuchen zu betrachten, was die Zukunft für Robotik im Gesundheitswesen hält. Da es bereits zahlreiche Quellen gibt, die die konkreten Beispiele für verschiedene bereits heute verwendete Systeme vermitteln und ausarbeiten können, werden wir diese Details überspringen und stattdessen auf zukünftige Herausforderungen und grundsätzliche Fragen an die Philosophie der Roboter, die Ärzte ersetzen, nachdenken (wenn das heißt Überhaupt möglich).
Es ist auch wichtig zu beachten, dass, während das Wort Robot traditionell ein Bild eines mechanischen Gerätes in Bewegung, das verschiedene Aufgaben ausführt, vermittelt,werden wir Intelligenz in unsere Perspektive einschließen. Intelligenz und die Fähigkeit zu denken, zu messen und zu entscheiden, sind wichtige Funktionen, die die Potenz von Roboter-Systemen entscheiden werden, anstatt nur ihre Fähigkeit, stärker zu sein und fähig zu sein, schwere Gegenstände zu bewegen! In Bezug auf die Gesundheitsversorgung wird dies viel wichtiger, wenn Entscheidungen von Leben und Tod getroffen werden müssen. Schon jetzt sehen wir einen Versuch, die Kognition in verschiedenen Projekten zu simulieren, die künstliche Intelligenz und neuronale Netzwerke beinhalten. Solche nicht-physischen Robotersysteme bilden das Fundament für die Entscheidungsfindung in der Zukunft.
Roboter haben sich seit ihrer ersten Darstellung 1920 durch den tschechischen Schriftsteller Kare... more Roboter haben sich seit ihrer ersten Darstellung 1920 durch den tschechischen Schriftsteller Karel Čapek in seinem Werk R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots, enorm weiterentwickelt. Heute sind wir in einem Stadium, wo wir die Rolle von Robotern in der heutigen Zeit auch in der zukünftigen Gesundheitsversorgung bewerten können. Tatsächlich kann man die ersten Ideen der Roboter in fortgeschrittenen chirurgischen Verfahren verwendet werden auch in der Folklore beobachten. Mehrere Filme wie beispielsweise „Star Wars“ haben die Amputation und die Protheseninstallation auf den Menschen von Robotern in der Zukunft dargestellt. Aber wir müssen uns jetzt fragen: "Werden Roboter die Betreiber von morgen sein?"; Völlig unabhängig von der menschlichen Kontrolle, Anleitung oder Intervention überhaupt? Werden die OP´s der Zukunft dem ähneln, was wir heute schon in automatisierten Fertigungslinien beobachten können, wo industrielle Roboterarme in der Lage sind, komplette Montageverfahren ohne Eingriff durchzuführen?
Der Artikel diskutiert aktuelle Trends, Herausforderungen und zukünftige Aussichten für Robotik in der Medizintechnik.
Der Artikel wurde als Bericht (Protokoll) in deutscher Sprache für das Modul Robotik in Medizin des Leonardo-Projekts an der RWTH Aachen im Dezember 2016 eingereicht.
Die englische Version finden Sie hier:
https://www.academia.edu/32094403/Robotics_in_Medicine_-_Current_Research_in_Medical_Technology
Robots have come a long way since their first depiction in public by the Czech interwar writer Ka... more Robots have come a long way since their first depiction in public by the Czech interwar writer Karel Čapek in his play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots), published in 1920. Today, we have come to a stage where we can assess the role played by robots in present day as well as future healthcare. In fact, the very first ideas of robots being used in advanced surgical procedures are easily seen in folklore. Several series including the famous Star Wars have depicted amputation and prostheses installation on human beings by robots in the future. But we must now question ourselves: “Will Robots be the operators of tomorrow?”; completely independent of human control, guidance or intervention whatsoever! Will Operation Theatres of the future be equivalent to what we see today in automated manufacturing lines, where industrial robotic arms are able to carry out complete assembly procedures without intervention?
The article discusses current trends, challenges and future outlook for robotics in Medical Technology.
The article was submitted as a report (protocol) in German for the Robotics in Medicine module of the Leonardo Project at the RWTH Aachen University in December 2016.
The German version can be found here:
https://www.academia.edu/32094405/Roboter_in_der_Medizin_-_aktuelle_Forschung_Medizintechnik_
The Objectives of this project are as follows: To study the LP BIW line at CAB and COWL Factory... more The Objectives of this project are as follows:
To study the LP BIW line at CAB and COWL Factory at TATA Motors Jamshedpur in total.
To understand in detail the overall production mechanism and products of the LP line.
To specifically study the hydraulics and related equipment being used in the line.
To spot possible areas of energy loss or reduction in efficiency in the overall hydraulic system.
To recommend changes to the hydraulics system for improving efficiency of line.
To explore scope of induction of PLC with SCADA for control of the line along with interfacing with the hydraulics and pneumatics.
Life lessons are learnt when we are faced with adversity. Since writing this colossal piece of wo... more Life lessons are learnt when we are faced with adversity. Since writing this colossal piece of work was no less, the most profound philosophical truths dawned upon the author's head during the journey. And what better an opportunity to sermonize than the only section of a book which gives absolute discretion to the Author! Of course, the rare super-interested reader's temper and patience will not be tested, and I shall limit myself to expounding no more than two life lessons. First, uncertainty can often be the source of the most-unexpected experiences. My journey at P&G always started with me not having an iota of idea about what I would work on. And yet, each of the bold steps (one before starting an internship, and the other before starting this thesis) always led to work on solving problems that I could never have imagined existed. For one, the very application of this thesis in the consumer goods sector is rather astonishing to someone who is not from the area. Never would I have expected to have worked on such a topic, for such an application. And yet taking the step into uncertainty was key. As I learnt recently, in any decision-making process, there comes a point beyond which no new data can add an advantage. It comes down to a gut-feeling… a tide in the affairs of men, which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune… I dare not say the rest. Second, in life, like in modelling, there is no point in waiting for the ultimate, perfect, final wonderful, flawless, target. One must work with what one has and keep refining the "model" continuously. Had doctors decided to wait for CT-Scans instead of working with X-Rays, Orthopaedic practice would have been limited to the Clavicle, Radius, Ulna, Femur, Fibula and the Tibia; and I would have been treating people! In writing this Thesis, an earlier start to jotting down ideas instead of waiting for the perfect flow would have gone a long way in preventing my late Zombie nights for over a month. To recognize and accept the limitations, and then march on in pursuit of the goal is the key. It must now be apparent to the reader what great erudition the author has seen in his own journey. But humour aside, the journey has actually brought me several lessons, for which I am grateful to the ones who shepherded me into making it. Foremost, an acknowledgment of the source of all that I am today-my parents Dr. Gourikumar Prusty and Dr. Mala Chattopadhyay. Next, the evil sibling, Dr. Lydia Prusty, since someone needs to be the recipient of these sermons. I extend my heartfelt gratitude to Mr. Andrea Rossetti for this opportunity and his trust, and Dr. Michael Ban for his serene guidance throughout the time of this project. I am indebted to the support I received from the wonderful people at GMDSO FemCare, Analytical, FEI BabyCare and other departments at P&G-their critical inputs were indispensable for the success of the modeling approach developed.
Life lessons are learnt when we are faced with adversity. Since writing this colossal piece of wo... more Life lessons are learnt when we are faced with adversity. Since writing this colossal piece of work was no less, the most profound philosophical truths dawned upon the author's head during the journey. And what better an opportunity to sermonize than the only section of a book which gives absolute discretion to the Author! Of course, the rare super-interested reader's temper and patience will not be tested, and I shall limit myself to expounding no more than two life lessons. First, uncertainty can often be the source of the most-unexpected experiences. My journey at P&G always started with me not having an iota of idea about what I would work on. And yet, each of the bold steps (one before starting an internship, and the other before starting this thesis) always led to work on solving problems that I could never have imagined existed. For one, the very application of this thesis in the consumer goods sector is rather astonishing to someone who is not from the area. Never would I have expected to have worked on such a topic, for such an application. And yet taking the step into uncertainty was key. As I learnt recently, in any decision-making process, there comes a point beyond which no new data can add an advantage. It comes down to a gut-feeling… a tide in the affairs of men, which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune… I dare not say the rest. Second, in life, like in modelling, there is no point in waiting for the ultimate, perfect, final wonderful, flawless, target. One must work with what one has and keep refining the "model" continuously. Had doctors decided to wait for CT-Scans instead of working with X-Rays, Orthopaedic practice would have been limited to the Clavicle, Radius, Ulna, Femur, Fibula and the Tibia; and I would have been treating people! In writing this Thesis, an earlier start to jotting down ideas instead of waiting for the perfect flow would have gone a long way in preventing my late Zombie nights for over a month. To recognize and accept the limitations, and then march on in pursuit of the goal is the key. It must now be apparent to the reader what great erudition the author has seen in his own journey. But humour aside, the journey has actually brought me several lessons, for which I am grateful to the ones who shepherded me into making it. Foremost, an acknowledgment of the source of all that I am today-my parents Dr. Gourikumar Prusty and Dr. Mala Chattopadhyay. Next, the evil sibling, Dr. Lydia Prusty, since someone needs to be the recipient of these sermons. I extend my heartfelt gratitude to Mr. Andrea Rossetti for this opportunity and his trust, and Dr. Michael Ban for his serene guidance throughout the time of this project. I am indebted to the support I received from the wonderful people at GMDSO FemCare, Analytical, FEI BabyCare and other departments at P&G-their critical inputs were indispensable for the success of the modeling approach developed.
The word Robot was first used by the Czech writer Karel Čapek in his play R.U.R. (Rossum's Univer... more The word Robot was first used by the Czech writer Karel Čapek in his play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots), published in 1920. In his work, Čapek had raised important questions regarding the outcomes of robots replacing human beings in carrying out every day work. Since then, we have come a long way. It has not been easy, but humans have learnt to accept the fact that computers can be faster and more efficient at certain tasks. We grew over the “uncanny valley”.1 With Robotics and Automation breaking new boundaries every day in our century, the question is no longer whether Robots will take over a majority of our present day jobs. Instead, we merely ask the question – When?
Healthcare however is a sensitive topic in this regard. It remains a field which requires utmost care, efficiency, stringent certifications, quality control, and safety. Such protective barricades have meant that clinical trials have been difficult when it comes to applying robotics in surgical procedures. On the brighter side, it has led to only robust and fool-proof systems making it to implementation. A deeper question can be found at the roots of this – Are we ready to leave our health and lives at the hands of robots?
Why not? Already, decisions for target designation and elimination are being taken on the battlefield by Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems (LAWS) in real time. We are deciding where to send aid and where to channel funds based on statistics and results generated by intelligent algorithms. Ofcourse, the financial markets, the warzone and Hospitals are completely different environments, but we cannot deny that we are already leaving more to computers today than we would have deemed “safe” a decade ago.
Overview
As a short overview to this article, we will put forward briefly the milestones we have crossed, our progress, where we stand today, and finally discuss, or attempt to contemplate what the future holds for Robotics in Healthcare. Since there are already numerous sources which can give and elaborate on the specific examples of various systems already in use today, we will skip these details and instead ponder on future challenges and more fundamental questions attached to the philosophy of robots replacing doctors (if that is at all possible).
It is also important to note that while the word Robot traditionally conveys an image of a mechanical device in motion carrying out various tasks, we will include Intelligence in our perspective. Intelligence, and the ability to think, gauge and decide are important functions that will decide the potency of Robotic Systems, rather than just their ability to be stronger and capable of moving heavy objects! With regards to healthcare, this becomes far more important when decisions of life and death need to be taken. Already, we see an attempt to simulate cognition in various projects involving artificial intelligence and neural networks. Such non-physical robotic systems will form the bedrock for decision making in the future.
This paper considers a computation method for accepting data about the present status of a motor,... more This paper considers a computation method for
accepting data about the present status of a motor, and then
controlling it to move in a specific direction, up to a specific
limit using the CANopen communication protocol. The
investigation is focused on developing a reliable algorithm for
controlling such motors in a CANopen network with multiple
nodes (based on the BioBike project being carried out at
Hochschule Ulm, Germany). PIC microcontrollers are used to
communicate over the CAN bus-network, along with a
Bluetooth interface to communicate with a control program on
a remote computer. The major considerations in coding the
embedded programs for such communication are explained.
Special attention is paid to the management of data traffic and
to improving the response of various nodes over the network.
CANopen serves as one of the few truly independent communication protocols open to customization ... more CANopen serves as one of the few truly independent communication protocols open to customization and interfacing of various technologies on multiple networks. This report introduces the basic structure of CANopen and its advantages. It also discusses examples of its myriad applications and its future prospects in a fast developing world.
This (simulated) Project proporal aims to identify key reasons behind the low usage of the DigiLo... more This (simulated) Project proporal aims to identify key reasons behind the low usage of the DigiLocker Facility in India and its poor adoption by various organisations, both public and Private. It will then identify the root causes, their effect and suggest an intervention logic. The Project is planned as a ‘revitalization’ strategy for the dying DigiLocker Program., launched by the Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology.
This Document is an academic endeavor in simulating a Project Managment task and its related proposal. It explores potential problems plaguing the present DigiLocker Program and how they might be solved. While all care has been taken to try and keep all information relevant, and the timelines and costs realistic, it should not be considered as absolute. The Project Proposal has NO involvement from the Govt. of India or its related organs.
(Dieser Artikel ist eine ungenau Übersetzung der Originalversion auf Englisch) gibt derOriginal h... more (Dieser Artikel ist eine ungenau Übersetzung der Originalversion auf Englisch) gibt derOriginal hier:
https://www.academia.edu/33891653/Robots_and_Intelligence_Progress_Scope_and_Future_in_Healthcare
Leider, zum Zeitpunkt des Schreibens dieses Artikels, war ich nur 3 Monate in Deutschland - der Beweis ist die Grammatik dieses Artikels!
------------------------------------------------------
Das Wort Robot wurde zuerst von dem tschechischen Schriftsteller Karel Čapek in seinem Stück R.U.R. (Rossums Universalroboter), veröffentlicht 1920. In seiner Arbeit hatte Čapek wichtige Fragen über die Ergebnisse von Robotern, die die Menschen bei der Durchführung der täglichen Arbeit ersetzen, aufgeworfen. Seitdem sind wir weit gekommen. Es war nicht einfach, aber die Menschen haben gelernt, die Tatsache zu akzeptieren, dass Computer bei bestimmten Aufgaben schneller und effizienter sein können. Wir wuchsen über die “uncanny valley”.1 Mit Robotik und Automation, die jeden Tag in unserem Jahrhundert neue Grenzen überschreiten, ist die Frage nicht mehr, ob Roboter die Mehrheit unserer heutigen Arbeitsplätze übernehmen wird. Stattdessen stellen wir nur die Frage - Wann?
Gesundheitswesen ist in dieser Hinsicht ein sensibles Thema. Es bleibt ein Feld, das höchste Sorgfalt, Effizienz, strenge Zertifizierungen, Qualitätskontrolle und Sicherheit erfordert. Solche Schutzbarrikaden haben dazu geführt, dass klinische Studien schwierig waren, wenn es darum geht, Robotik in chirurgischen Verfahren anzuwenden. Auf der helleren Seite hat es nur zu robusten Systemen geführt, die die Umsetzung erreichen. Eine tiefere Frage findet sich an den Wurzeln davon - Sind wir bereit, unsere Gesundheit zu verlassen und in den Händen von Robotern zu leben?
Warum nicht? Schon jetzt werden Entscheidungen über die Zielbezeichnung und Beseitigung auf dem Schlachtfeld der tödlichen Autonome Waffensysteme (LAWS) in Echtzeit gemacht. Wir entscheiden, wo wir Hilfe senden und wo die Ressourcen auf der Grundlage von Statistiken und Ergebnissen aus intelligenten Algorithmen generiert werden. Natürlich sind die Finanzmärkte, die Kriegsgebiete und die Krankenhäuser völlig andere Umgebungen, aber wir können nicht leugnen, dass wir schon wieder auf mehr Computer zurückgehen, als wir es vor zehn Jahren als "sicher" gesehen hatten.
Überblick
Als kurzer Überblick zu diesem Artikel werden wir kurz die Meilensteine vorstellen, die wir überschritten haben, unsere Fortschritte, wo wir heute stehen und schließlich diskutieren oder versuchen zu betrachten, was die Zukunft für Robotik im Gesundheitswesen hält. Da es bereits zahlreiche Quellen gibt, die die konkreten Beispiele für verschiedene bereits heute verwendete Systeme vermitteln und ausarbeiten können, werden wir diese Details überspringen und stattdessen auf zukünftige Herausforderungen und grundsätzliche Fragen an die Philosophie der Roboter, die Ärzte ersetzen, nachdenken (wenn das heißt Überhaupt möglich).
Es ist auch wichtig zu beachten, dass, während das Wort Robot traditionell ein Bild eines mechanischen Gerätes in Bewegung, das verschiedene Aufgaben ausführt, vermittelt,werden wir Intelligenz in unsere Perspektive einschließen. Intelligenz und die Fähigkeit zu denken, zu messen und zu entscheiden, sind wichtige Funktionen, die die Potenz von Roboter-Systemen entscheiden werden, anstatt nur ihre Fähigkeit, stärker zu sein und fähig zu sein, schwere Gegenstände zu bewegen! In Bezug auf die Gesundheitsversorgung wird dies viel wichtiger, wenn Entscheidungen von Leben und Tod getroffen werden müssen. Schon jetzt sehen wir einen Versuch, die Kognition in verschiedenen Projekten zu simulieren, die künstliche Intelligenz und neuronale Netzwerke beinhalten. Solche nicht-physischen Robotersysteme bilden das Fundament für die Entscheidungsfindung in der Zukunft.
Roboter haben sich seit ihrer ersten Darstellung 1920 durch den tschechischen Schriftsteller Kare... more Roboter haben sich seit ihrer ersten Darstellung 1920 durch den tschechischen Schriftsteller Karel Čapek in seinem Werk R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots, enorm weiterentwickelt. Heute sind wir in einem Stadium, wo wir die Rolle von Robotern in der heutigen Zeit auch in der zukünftigen Gesundheitsversorgung bewerten können. Tatsächlich kann man die ersten Ideen der Roboter in fortgeschrittenen chirurgischen Verfahren verwendet werden auch in der Folklore beobachten. Mehrere Filme wie beispielsweise „Star Wars“ haben die Amputation und die Protheseninstallation auf den Menschen von Robotern in der Zukunft dargestellt. Aber wir müssen uns jetzt fragen: "Werden Roboter die Betreiber von morgen sein?"; Völlig unabhängig von der menschlichen Kontrolle, Anleitung oder Intervention überhaupt? Werden die OP´s der Zukunft dem ähneln, was wir heute schon in automatisierten Fertigungslinien beobachten können, wo industrielle Roboterarme in der Lage sind, komplette Montageverfahren ohne Eingriff durchzuführen?
Der Artikel diskutiert aktuelle Trends, Herausforderungen und zukünftige Aussichten für Robotik in der Medizintechnik.
Der Artikel wurde als Bericht (Protokoll) in deutscher Sprache für das Modul Robotik in Medizin des Leonardo-Projekts an der RWTH Aachen im Dezember 2016 eingereicht.
Die englische Version finden Sie hier:
https://www.academia.edu/32094403/Robotics_in_Medicine_-_Current_Research_in_Medical_Technology
Robots have come a long way since their first depiction in public by the Czech interwar writer Ka... more Robots have come a long way since their first depiction in public by the Czech interwar writer Karel Čapek in his play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots), published in 1920. Today, we have come to a stage where we can assess the role played by robots in present day as well as future healthcare. In fact, the very first ideas of robots being used in advanced surgical procedures are easily seen in folklore. Several series including the famous Star Wars have depicted amputation and prostheses installation on human beings by robots in the future. But we must now question ourselves: “Will Robots be the operators of tomorrow?”; completely independent of human control, guidance or intervention whatsoever! Will Operation Theatres of the future be equivalent to what we see today in automated manufacturing lines, where industrial robotic arms are able to carry out complete assembly procedures without intervention?
The article discusses current trends, challenges and future outlook for robotics in Medical Technology.
The article was submitted as a report (protocol) in German for the Robotics in Medicine module of the Leonardo Project at the RWTH Aachen University in December 2016.
The German version can be found here:
https://www.academia.edu/32094405/Roboter_in_der_Medizin_-_aktuelle_Forschung_Medizintechnik_
The Objectives of this project are as follows: To study the LP BIW line at CAB and COWL Factory... more The Objectives of this project are as follows:
To study the LP BIW line at CAB and COWL Factory at TATA Motors Jamshedpur in total.
To understand in detail the overall production mechanism and products of the LP line.
To specifically study the hydraulics and related equipment being used in the line.
To spot possible areas of energy loss or reduction in efficiency in the overall hydraulic system.
To recommend changes to the hydraulics system for improving efficiency of line.
To explore scope of induction of PLC with SCADA for control of the line along with interfacing with the hydraulics and pneumatics.