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Papers by suhaila Darogha

Kirkuk University Journal-Scientific Studies, 2009

This study determines the nature of microbial wound colonization in191 patients with wound infect... more This study determines the nature of microbial wound colonization in191 patients with wound infection attending Internal Lab of Teaching Hospital and Emergency Hospital in Erbil city during the period 1-January-2007 to31-July-2007.A total of 241 bacterial isolates were identified after culturing the swabs on different culture media. The results indicated that the most frequent isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (32.78%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (24.90%) , Escherichia coli(14.94%), Enterobacter spp. (9.96%), Proteus mirabilis (8.71%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.64%) ,Klebsiella oxytoca (1.24%) and Citrobacter freundii (0.83%). Most of the isolates showed high level resistance to commonly available antibiotic. The present study also undertaken to assess the antimicrobial effect of aqueous,methanol and ethanol extracts of Quercus infectoria on the isolated bacterial species.The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethanolic extract on Staphylococcus aureus was 3.125 mg/ml and that effect on Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Citrobacte freundii were 6.25 mg/ml while the aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic extracts had effect at 25.0,12.5 and 6.25 mg/ml respectively on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumonia respectively.

Science Journal of University of Zakho, 2014

This study was carried out in Rizgary and Hawler Teaching hospital in Erbil city, from the period... more This study was carried out in Rizgary and Hawler Teaching hospital in Erbil city, from the period of August 2010 to June 2011. A total of 115 women patients with breast tumor (55 malignant and 60 benign) and 40 females as a control group with age ranged (18-71) in both patients and control group were participated, they were matched with patients by age group without any history of breast problem or neoplastic disease and not had any other cancer. Data were collected by interview with patients and control group, a questioner form were provided to each patients which include (age, age at menarche, regularity of menstruation, etc.) and clinical file made for each patient who attends to these two hospitals for each patients for the first time, in spite of histopathological diagnosis. Results indicated obvious relation between risk factor and breast cancer (BC), among these factors is the age; the most frequent age for breast cancer was that at age group (38-47).Percentage of patients starting age menarche after 12 year was higher when compared with patients starting at or before 12 year. The results showed higher percentage of BC in patients who have regularity menses when compared with irregular menstrual cycle. Age of first pregnancy in 20 years and greater which was higher than other group. The results indicated that the percentage of BBD patients which diagnosed premenopausal was higher than postmenopausal. Higher percentage of breast feeding found in BC patients when compared with bottle feeding. Oral contraceptive pills users occupied higher percentage in patients. Patients which not used hormone replacement therapy (HRT) have higher percentage when compared with patients used HRT. About half of the patients recorded positive family history. The numbers of patients diagnosed as stage third and fourth were higher compared with those stage two, unknown and first stage. According to the type of benign breast disease, the unknown cause showed higher percentage when compared with other types.

This study was carried out in Raparin Pediatric hospital in Erbil city. Stool samples (No= 548) w... more This study was carried out in Raparin Pediatric hospital in Erbil city. Stool samples (No= 548) were collected from children of less than 1 month to 13 years of age of both genders. The study was designed to assess some immunological parameters with molecular characterization based on sequence analysis of Cryptosporidium spp. positive group compared to the control group. The level of C-reactive protein in cryptosporidiosis positive group showed an extremely significant (p < 0.01) elevation with the mean value of (16.14 ± 3.41) when compared to control group with the mean value of (4.80 ± 1.30). Complement components C3 and C4 showed a significant increase in cryptosporidiosis positive group with mean values of 209.30 ± 36.97 and 1.74 ± 0.016) respectively compared to control group with mean values of 136.00 ± 6.59 and 1.59 ± 0.025 respectively. The results of IgG mean value in the present study showed statistically a non-significant difference among cryptosporidiosis positive gro...

During the period from June 2002 till May 2003, an epidemiological study was carried out to inves... more During the period from June 2002 till May 2003, an epidemiological study was carried out to investigate the causative agents of gonorrhoea among females suffering from vaginal discharges and attending consolatory and emergency units of Erbil Hospital for Obstetrics and Paediatrics. The total number of examined samples was 1558 from females whose their age range was from 15-45 years. Vaginal examinations with a sterilized vaginal speculum were carried out by taking two swabs from the cervix of each patient. Direct microscopical examination, staining and culturing of different media were followed to diagnose Neisseria gonorrhoeae. When the gonorrhoea was considered, the highest incidence was recorded in October (9.1% of positive cases), while no infection was recorded in February and April. The age group 15-19 years showed the highest percentage of infection (35.6%), while females within the age group 40-44 years showed no infection. The illiterate patients dominated the rank of gonor...

Proceedings of the 4th International Scientific Conference of Cihan University-Erbil on Biological Sciences, 2017

This study was carried out in Nanakaly hospital for blood disease in Erbil city, during November ... more This study was carried out in Nanakaly hospital for blood disease in Erbil city, during November 2013 to November 2014. The study was designed to investigate the prevalence of different types of leukemia in Erbil Province in Kurdistan Region.138 cases were studied of different types of leukemia diagnosed by peripheral blood count, peripheral blood smear examination, bone marrow aspiration and immune-phenotyping by flow cytometery. The results showed that from 138 patients, 68 (49.28%) patients suffered with B-cell lineage disorders, while 44(31.88%) patients afflicted with myloid lineage disorders fllowed by 13(9.42%) patients affected with T-cell lineage disorders. The results showed that from 68 patients, 38 (55.88%) affected with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) followed by 26 (38.24%) chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 3 (4.41%) and 1 (1.47%) of patients represent hairy cell leukemia (HCL) and Burkett's lymphoma respectively. The result indicated obvious relation between age and B-cell leukemia, BALL was most frequent in children and B-CLL related to older age.

Cellular and Molecular Biology

PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) is a prevalent and complicated gynecological endocrine disease... more PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) is a prevalent and complicated gynecological endocrine disease that affects around 6% to 10% of women of reproductive age. PCOS is marked by oligoanovulation or anovulation, hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinemia, monthly irregularity, and infertility. This study included 58 Kurdish females with PCOS who went to private clinics at Hawler city. The disease was confirmed by the doctors with laboratory results and US checking. They were at different age groups with different marital statuses. Demographic distribution, hormonal level and hormone replacement therapy were measured. Cytokine gene polymorphisms were evaluated by Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). The amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS) was used to determine the gene polymorphisms. There was a significant change in the hormone levels and the medications as hormone replacement therapy gained best results for impregnation of the patients by Progyluton, Diane35 with metformin. Resul...

Diyala Journal for Pure Science

Cellular and Molecular Biology

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a major clinical problem in a wide age range that is associated ... more Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a major clinical problem in a wide age range that is associated with a high morbidity rate. Due to issues such as low specificity and the inability to differentiate between different types of infection in current diagnostic methods, there is a need to introduce novel UTI markers. The present study was conducted to evaluate the utility of Procalcitonin (PCT) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as a marker of bacterial urinary tract infection. For this purpose, a cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2020 and February 2021 among 125 patients and 60 healthy volunteers (control) in Erbil Teaching Hospital. The concentration of PCT and IL-6 was quantified using the ELISA cloud immunoassay test. Between-group comparisons were assessed for the variables with analysis of variance. The results revealed that there was a significant difference between PCT levels in UTI patients (104.6±6.07) and control groups (54±2.24) (p <0.0001). The differences in IL-...

Cellular and Molecular Biology

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease and cytokines show a vital role in the T2D... more Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease and cytokines show a vital role in the T2DM progress. The goal of this research was to assess serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?) and interferon-gamma (IFN-?) gene polymorphism in T2DM in Kurdish patients. Levels of serum IFN-? and TNF-? were assessed through enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay in individuals with T2DM and the control group. DNA was extracted and the amplification refractory mutational system method was utilized for genotyping the IFN-? (+874) A/T and TNF-? (-308) G/A. The Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was evaluated with the ?2-test. The IFN- ? serum levels were significantly different between patients with T2DM and control individuals (P<0.05). But the C-reactive protein (CRP) and TNF-? serum levels were not significantly different between them (P>0.05). The serum level of IFN- ? (+874) AT genotype and TNF-? (- 308) GG genotypes were significantly higher in the T2DM group comparing with health...

Cellular and Molecular Biology

The use of plant extracts represents a promising approach for the synthesis of silver nanoparticl... more The use of plant extracts represents a promising approach for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). This study reports the low-cost, green synthesis of AgNPs using the extract of clove and black seeds. The biosynthesized AgNPs were confirmed and characterized by analysis of the spectroscopy profile of the UV-visible spectrophotometer. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the inhibitory effect concentration (MIC) of AgNPs, clove, and black cumin seed extracts on the growth and swarming of P. mirabilis. Clinical isolates of P. mirabilis were isolated from patients suffering from urinary tract infections. Thirteen types of antibiotics were used in the present study to detect their ability to inhibit P. mirabilis's resistance. Immunological findings included the determination of serum levels of IgG, IgM, IgA and complement protein C3 and C4. Results showed that IgG and IgA concentrations significantly increased (1311.13 ± 72.54 and 279 ± 21.31) respectively in UT...

Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journal

Kirkuk University Journal-Scientific Studies, 2009

This study determines the nature of microbial wound colonization in191 patients with wound infect... more This study determines the nature of microbial wound colonization in191 patients with wound infection attending Internal Lab of Teaching Hospital and Emergency Hospital in Erbil city during the period 1-January-2007 to31-July-2007.A total of 241 bacterial isolates were identified after culturing the swabs on different culture media. The results indicated that the most frequent isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (32.78%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (24.90%) , Escherichia coli(14.94%), Enterobacter spp. (9.96%), Proteus mirabilis (8.71%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.64%) ,Klebsiella oxytoca (1.24%) and Citrobacter freundii (0.83%). Most of the isolates showed high level resistance to commonly available antibiotic. The present study also undertaken to assess the antimicrobial effect of aqueous,methanol and ethanol extracts of Quercus infectoria on the isolated bacterial species.The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethanolic extract on Staphylococcus aureus was 3.125 mg/ml and that effect on Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Citrobacte freundii were 6.25 mg/ml while the aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic extracts had effect at 25.0,12.5 and 6.25 mg/ml respectively on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumonia respectively.

Science Journal of University of Zakho, 2014

This study was carried out in Rizgary and Hawler Teaching hospital in Erbil city, from the period... more This study was carried out in Rizgary and Hawler Teaching hospital in Erbil city, from the period of August 2010 to June 2011. A total of 115 women patients with breast tumor (55 malignant and 60 benign) and 40 females as a control group with age ranged (18-71) in both patients and control group were participated, they were matched with patients by age group without any history of breast problem or neoplastic disease and not had any other cancer. Data were collected by interview with patients and control group, a questioner form were provided to each patients which include (age, age at menarche, regularity of menstruation, etc.) and clinical file made for each patient who attends to these two hospitals for each patients for the first time, in spite of histopathological diagnosis. Results indicated obvious relation between risk factor and breast cancer (BC), among these factors is the age; the most frequent age for breast cancer was that at age group (38-47).Percentage of patients starting age menarche after 12 year was higher when compared with patients starting at or before 12 year. The results showed higher percentage of BC in patients who have regularity menses when compared with irregular menstrual cycle. Age of first pregnancy in 20 years and greater which was higher than other group. The results indicated that the percentage of BBD patients which diagnosed premenopausal was higher than postmenopausal. Higher percentage of breast feeding found in BC patients when compared with bottle feeding. Oral contraceptive pills users occupied higher percentage in patients. Patients which not used hormone replacement therapy (HRT) have higher percentage when compared with patients used HRT. About half of the patients recorded positive family history. The numbers of patients diagnosed as stage third and fourth were higher compared with those stage two, unknown and first stage. According to the type of benign breast disease, the unknown cause showed higher percentage when compared with other types.

This study was carried out in Raparin Pediatric hospital in Erbil city. Stool samples (No= 548) w... more This study was carried out in Raparin Pediatric hospital in Erbil city. Stool samples (No= 548) were collected from children of less than 1 month to 13 years of age of both genders. The study was designed to assess some immunological parameters with molecular characterization based on sequence analysis of Cryptosporidium spp. positive group compared to the control group. The level of C-reactive protein in cryptosporidiosis positive group showed an extremely significant (p < 0.01) elevation with the mean value of (16.14 ± 3.41) when compared to control group with the mean value of (4.80 ± 1.30). Complement components C3 and C4 showed a significant increase in cryptosporidiosis positive group with mean values of 209.30 ± 36.97 and 1.74 ± 0.016) respectively compared to control group with mean values of 136.00 ± 6.59 and 1.59 ± 0.025 respectively. The results of IgG mean value in the present study showed statistically a non-significant difference among cryptosporidiosis positive gro...

During the period from June 2002 till May 2003, an epidemiological study was carried out to inves... more During the period from June 2002 till May 2003, an epidemiological study was carried out to investigate the causative agents of gonorrhoea among females suffering from vaginal discharges and attending consolatory and emergency units of Erbil Hospital for Obstetrics and Paediatrics. The total number of examined samples was 1558 from females whose their age range was from 15-45 years. Vaginal examinations with a sterilized vaginal speculum were carried out by taking two swabs from the cervix of each patient. Direct microscopical examination, staining and culturing of different media were followed to diagnose Neisseria gonorrhoeae. When the gonorrhoea was considered, the highest incidence was recorded in October (9.1% of positive cases), while no infection was recorded in February and April. The age group 15-19 years showed the highest percentage of infection (35.6%), while females within the age group 40-44 years showed no infection. The illiterate patients dominated the rank of gonor...

Proceedings of the 4th International Scientific Conference of Cihan University-Erbil on Biological Sciences, 2017

This study was carried out in Nanakaly hospital for blood disease in Erbil city, during November ... more This study was carried out in Nanakaly hospital for blood disease in Erbil city, during November 2013 to November 2014. The study was designed to investigate the prevalence of different types of leukemia in Erbil Province in Kurdistan Region.138 cases were studied of different types of leukemia diagnosed by peripheral blood count, peripheral blood smear examination, bone marrow aspiration and immune-phenotyping by flow cytometery. The results showed that from 138 patients, 68 (49.28%) patients suffered with B-cell lineage disorders, while 44(31.88%) patients afflicted with myloid lineage disorders fllowed by 13(9.42%) patients affected with T-cell lineage disorders. The results showed that from 68 patients, 38 (55.88%) affected with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) followed by 26 (38.24%) chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 3 (4.41%) and 1 (1.47%) of patients represent hairy cell leukemia (HCL) and Burkett's lymphoma respectively. The result indicated obvious relation between age and B-cell leukemia, BALL was most frequent in children and B-CLL related to older age.

Cellular and Molecular Biology

PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) is a prevalent and complicated gynecological endocrine disease... more PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) is a prevalent and complicated gynecological endocrine disease that affects around 6% to 10% of women of reproductive age. PCOS is marked by oligoanovulation or anovulation, hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinemia, monthly irregularity, and infertility. This study included 58 Kurdish females with PCOS who went to private clinics at Hawler city. The disease was confirmed by the doctors with laboratory results and US checking. They were at different age groups with different marital statuses. Demographic distribution, hormonal level and hormone replacement therapy were measured. Cytokine gene polymorphisms were evaluated by Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). The amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS) was used to determine the gene polymorphisms. There was a significant change in the hormone levels and the medications as hormone replacement therapy gained best results for impregnation of the patients by Progyluton, Diane35 with metformin. Resul...

Diyala Journal for Pure Science

Cellular and Molecular Biology

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a major clinical problem in a wide age range that is associated ... more Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a major clinical problem in a wide age range that is associated with a high morbidity rate. Due to issues such as low specificity and the inability to differentiate between different types of infection in current diagnostic methods, there is a need to introduce novel UTI markers. The present study was conducted to evaluate the utility of Procalcitonin (PCT) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as a marker of bacterial urinary tract infection. For this purpose, a cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2020 and February 2021 among 125 patients and 60 healthy volunteers (control) in Erbil Teaching Hospital. The concentration of PCT and IL-6 was quantified using the ELISA cloud immunoassay test. Between-group comparisons were assessed for the variables with analysis of variance. The results revealed that there was a significant difference between PCT levels in UTI patients (104.6±6.07) and control groups (54±2.24) (p <0.0001). The differences in IL-...

Cellular and Molecular Biology

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease and cytokines show a vital role in the T2D... more Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease and cytokines show a vital role in the T2DM progress. The goal of this research was to assess serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?) and interferon-gamma (IFN-?) gene polymorphism in T2DM in Kurdish patients. Levels of serum IFN-? and TNF-? were assessed through enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay in individuals with T2DM and the control group. DNA was extracted and the amplification refractory mutational system method was utilized for genotyping the IFN-? (+874) A/T and TNF-? (-308) G/A. The Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was evaluated with the ?2-test. The IFN- ? serum levels were significantly different between patients with T2DM and control individuals (P<0.05). But the C-reactive protein (CRP) and TNF-? serum levels were not significantly different between them (P>0.05). The serum level of IFN- ? (+874) AT genotype and TNF-? (- 308) GG genotypes were significantly higher in the T2DM group comparing with health...

Cellular and Molecular Biology

The use of plant extracts represents a promising approach for the synthesis of silver nanoparticl... more The use of plant extracts represents a promising approach for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). This study reports the low-cost, green synthesis of AgNPs using the extract of clove and black seeds. The biosynthesized AgNPs were confirmed and characterized by analysis of the spectroscopy profile of the UV-visible spectrophotometer. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the inhibitory effect concentration (MIC) of AgNPs, clove, and black cumin seed extracts on the growth and swarming of P. mirabilis. Clinical isolates of P. mirabilis were isolated from patients suffering from urinary tract infections. Thirteen types of antibiotics were used in the present study to detect their ability to inhibit P. mirabilis's resistance. Immunological findings included the determination of serum levels of IgG, IgM, IgA and complement protein C3 and C4. Results showed that IgG and IgA concentrations significantly increased (1311.13 ± 72.54 and 279 ± 21.31) respectively in UT...

Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journal