Keith Davidson | The Scottish Association for Marine Science (original) (raw)

Papers by Keith Davidson

Research paper thumbnail of A prolonged Karenia mikimotoi bloom in Scottish waters in 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Alexandrium and risk management within the Scottish phytoplankton monitoring programme

Research paper thumbnail of Changing wind patterns linked to unusually high Dinophysis blooms around the Shetland Islands, Scotland

Research paper thumbnail of A large and prolonged bloom of Karenia mikimotoi in Scottish waters in 2006

Research paper thumbnail of An adaptive approach to detect high-biomass algal blooms from EO chlorophyll- a data in support of harmful algal bloom monitoring

Remote Sensing Letters, 2012

High-biomass harmful algal blooms can kill farmed fish through toxicity, physical effects or de-o... more High-biomass harmful algal blooms can kill farmed fish through toxicity, physical effects or de-oxygenation of the water column. These blooms often form over spatially large areas meaning that Earth observation is well placed to monitor and study them. In this letter, we present a statistical-based background subtraction technique that has been modified to detect high-biomass algal blooms. The method builds upon previous work and uses a statistical framework to combine spatial and temporal information to produce maps of bloom extent. Its statistical nature allows the approach to characterize the region of interest meaning that region-specific tuning is not needed. The accuracy of the approach has been evaluated using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data and an in situ cell concentration dataset, resulting in a correct classification rate of 68.0% with a false alarm rate of 0.24 (n = 25). The method is then used to study the surface coverage of a large high-biomass harmful algal bloom of Karenia mikimotoi. The approach shows promise for the early warning of spatially large high-biomass algal blooms, providing valuable information to support in situ sampling campaigns.

Research paper thumbnail of The Relationship between Phytoplankton Distribution and Water Column Characteristics in North West European Shelf Sea Waters

PLoS ONE, 2012

Phytoplankton underpin the marine food web in shelf seas, with some species having properties tha... more Phytoplankton underpin the marine food web in shelf seas, with some species having properties that are harmful to human health and coastal aquaculture. Pressures such as climate change and anthropogenic nutrient input are hypothesized to influence phytoplankton community composition and distribution. Yet the primary environmental drivers in shelf seas are poorly understood. To begin to address this in North Western European waters, the phytoplankton community composition was assessed in light of measured physical and chemical drivers during the ''Ellett Line'' cruise of autumn 2001 across the Scottish Continental shelf and into adjacent open Atlantic waters. Spatial variability existed in both phytoplankton and environmental conditions, with clear differences not only between on and off shelf stations but also between different on shelf locations. Temperature/salinity plots demonstrated different water masses existed in the region. In turn, principal component analysis (PCA), of the measured environmental conditions (temperature, salinity, water density and inorganic nutrient concentrations) clearly discriminated between shelf and oceanic stations on the basis of DIN:DSi ratio that was correlated with both salinity and temperature. Discrimination between shelf stations was also related to this ratio, but also the concentration of DIN and DSi. The phytoplankton community was diatom dominated, with multidimensional scaling (MDS) demonstrating spatial variability in its composition. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to investigate the link between environment and the phytoplankton community. This demonstrated a significant relationship between community composition and water mass as indexed by salinity (whole community), and both salinity and DIN:DSi (diatoms alone). Diatoms of the Pseudo-nitzschia seriata group occurred at densities potentially harmful to shellfish aquaculture, with the potential for toxicity being elevated by the likelihood of DSi limitation of growth at most stations and depths.

Research paper thumbnail of An adaptive approach to detect high-biomass algal blooms from EO chlorophyll- a data in support of harmful algal bloom monitoring

Remote Sensing Letters, 2012

High-biomass harmful algal blooms can kill farmed fish through toxicity, physical effects or de-o... more High-biomass harmful algal blooms can kill farmed fish through toxicity, physical effects or de-oxygenation of the water column. These blooms often form over spatially large areas meaning that Earth observation is well placed to monitor and study them. In this letter, we present a statistical-based background subtraction technique that has been modified to detect high-biomass algal blooms. The method builds upon previous work and uses a statistical framework to combine spatial and temporal information to produce maps of bloom extent. Its statistical nature allows the approach to characterize the region of interest meaning that region-specific tuning is not needed. The accuracy of the approach has been evaluated using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data and an in situ cell concentration dataset, resulting in a correct classification rate of 68.0% with a false alarm rate of 0.24 (n = 25). The method is then used to study the surface coverage of a large high-biomass harmful algal bloom of Karenia mikimotoi. The approach shows promise for the early warning of spatially large high-biomass algal blooms, providing valuable information to support in situ sampling campaigns.

Research paper thumbnail of Impacts of climate change on harmful algal blooms

High biomass Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) such as Karenia mikimotoi and shellfish toxin producing ... more High biomass Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) such as Karenia mikimotoi and shellfish toxin producing HAB species continue to be observed in UK and Republic of Ireland waters. Regional differences continue to be seen in the distribution of HABs in UK and RoI waters with impacts mainly observed in the south and west coast of Ireland and regions in the UK with a strong Atlantic influence e.g. Regions 1, 3, 4, 6 and 7. There is little monitoring aside from the continuous plankton recorder (CPR) in Region 8. The impacts from HABs in Wales, Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man are generally low.

Research paper thumbnail of A prolonged Karenia mikimotoi bloom in Scottish waters in 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Alexandrium and risk management within the Scottish phytoplankton monitoring programme

Research paper thumbnail of Changing wind patterns linked to unusually high Dinophysis blooms around the Shetland Islands, Scotland

Research paper thumbnail of A large and prolonged bloom of Karenia mikimotoi in Scottish waters in 2006

Research paper thumbnail of An adaptive approach to detect high-biomass algal blooms from EO chlorophyll- a data in support of harmful algal bloom monitoring

Remote Sensing Letters, 2012

High-biomass harmful algal blooms can kill farmed fish through toxicity, physical effects or de-o... more High-biomass harmful algal blooms can kill farmed fish through toxicity, physical effects or de-oxygenation of the water column. These blooms often form over spatially large areas meaning that Earth observation is well placed to monitor and study them. In this letter, we present a statistical-based background subtraction technique that has been modified to detect high-biomass algal blooms. The method builds upon previous work and uses a statistical framework to combine spatial and temporal information to produce maps of bloom extent. Its statistical nature allows the approach to characterize the region of interest meaning that region-specific tuning is not needed. The accuracy of the approach has been evaluated using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data and an in situ cell concentration dataset, resulting in a correct classification rate of 68.0% with a false alarm rate of 0.24 (n = 25). The method is then used to study the surface coverage of a large high-biomass harmful algal bloom of Karenia mikimotoi. The approach shows promise for the early warning of spatially large high-biomass algal blooms, providing valuable information to support in situ sampling campaigns.

Research paper thumbnail of The Relationship between Phytoplankton Distribution and Water Column Characteristics in North West European Shelf Sea Waters

PLoS ONE, 2012

Phytoplankton underpin the marine food web in shelf seas, with some species having properties tha... more Phytoplankton underpin the marine food web in shelf seas, with some species having properties that are harmful to human health and coastal aquaculture. Pressures such as climate change and anthropogenic nutrient input are hypothesized to influence phytoplankton community composition and distribution. Yet the primary environmental drivers in shelf seas are poorly understood. To begin to address this in North Western European waters, the phytoplankton community composition was assessed in light of measured physical and chemical drivers during the ''Ellett Line'' cruise of autumn 2001 across the Scottish Continental shelf and into adjacent open Atlantic waters. Spatial variability existed in both phytoplankton and environmental conditions, with clear differences not only between on and off shelf stations but also between different on shelf locations. Temperature/salinity plots demonstrated different water masses existed in the region. In turn, principal component analysis (PCA), of the measured environmental conditions (temperature, salinity, water density and inorganic nutrient concentrations) clearly discriminated between shelf and oceanic stations on the basis of DIN:DSi ratio that was correlated with both salinity and temperature. Discrimination between shelf stations was also related to this ratio, but also the concentration of DIN and DSi. The phytoplankton community was diatom dominated, with multidimensional scaling (MDS) demonstrating spatial variability in its composition. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to investigate the link between environment and the phytoplankton community. This demonstrated a significant relationship between community composition and water mass as indexed by salinity (whole community), and both salinity and DIN:DSi (diatoms alone). Diatoms of the Pseudo-nitzschia seriata group occurred at densities potentially harmful to shellfish aquaculture, with the potential for toxicity being elevated by the likelihood of DSi limitation of growth at most stations and depths.

Research paper thumbnail of An adaptive approach to detect high-biomass algal blooms from EO chlorophyll- a data in support of harmful algal bloom monitoring

Remote Sensing Letters, 2012

High-biomass harmful algal blooms can kill farmed fish through toxicity, physical effects or de-o... more High-biomass harmful algal blooms can kill farmed fish through toxicity, physical effects or de-oxygenation of the water column. These blooms often form over spatially large areas meaning that Earth observation is well placed to monitor and study them. In this letter, we present a statistical-based background subtraction technique that has been modified to detect high-biomass algal blooms. The method builds upon previous work and uses a statistical framework to combine spatial and temporal information to produce maps of bloom extent. Its statistical nature allows the approach to characterize the region of interest meaning that region-specific tuning is not needed. The accuracy of the approach has been evaluated using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data and an in situ cell concentration dataset, resulting in a correct classification rate of 68.0% with a false alarm rate of 0.24 (n = 25). The method is then used to study the surface coverage of a large high-biomass harmful algal bloom of Karenia mikimotoi. The approach shows promise for the early warning of spatially large high-biomass algal blooms, providing valuable information to support in situ sampling campaigns.

Research paper thumbnail of Impacts of climate change on harmful algal blooms

High biomass Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) such as Karenia mikimotoi and shellfish toxin producing ... more High biomass Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) such as Karenia mikimotoi and shellfish toxin producing HAB species continue to be observed in UK and Republic of Ireland waters. Regional differences continue to be seen in the distribution of HABs in UK and RoI waters with impacts mainly observed in the south and west coast of Ireland and regions in the UK with a strong Atlantic influence e.g. Regions 1, 3, 4, 6 and 7. There is little monitoring aside from the continuous plankton recorder (CPR) in Region 8. The impacts from HABs in Wales, Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man are generally low.