saadet gündogdu | Samsun University (original) (raw)

Conference Presentations by saadet gündogdu

8th ICBR Lisbon Book of Papers, Sep 2020

This study aims to examine the issue of protecting tangible and intangible cultural heritage whos... more This study aims to examine the issue of protecting tangible and intangible cultural heritage whose existence is threatened by man-induced disasters such as war and armed conflicts, as well as the resulting forced migrations; and to discuss the role that cultural heritage as a driving power might play in returning home. Studies conducted
on forced migration in terms of different parameters since the last quarter of 20th century by international organizations specialized in the subject show that the relationship between the migration and the cultural heritage as a constituent of migrant communities’ collective memory is becoming an issue of bigger concern as
the number of migrant increases. In this context, it seems that emergency actions are required as a step forward from treaties concluded and recommendations issued on protection of cultural heritage. The fact that displaced communities by migration constitute the key point of issue; significance of sustainable returns in case of
displacements by mass migrations; role of cultural heritage as a driving force in social and physical rehabilitation should be carefully considered when taking actions. That the sustainable development in the long run is made possible by the resources of country exposed to disaster; local structure production knowledge; specific user
participation evidences the necessity of specific users’ returning home.

3rd International Symposium on Environment and Morality 2016 (Uluslararası Çevre ve Ahlak Sempozyumu 2016 – ISEM2016), 2016

Yaşadığımız yüzyılda insan kaynaklı afetler olarak tanımlanan savaş, çatışma, iç karışıklıklar gi... more Yaşadığımız yüzyılda insan kaynaklı afetler olarak tanımlanan savaş, çatışma, iç karışıklıklar gibi büyük olaylar sonucu yaşanan zorunlu toplu göçler, “terkedilen” ve “varılan” yerde fiziksel ve sosyal çevreyi hızlı bir şekilde etkilemekte ve dönüştürmektedir. 20. yüzyıl sonu 21. Yüzyıl başında dünyanın farklı coğrafyalarında meydana gelen savaşlar ve çatışma ortamı olayların merkezinde yer alan yapılı mimari çevreyi de büyük oranda etkilemiştir. Bosna-Hersek, Kosova, Afganistan, Sudan, Lübnan, Kuzey Mali, Suriye ve Yemen’de gibi örneklere bakıldığında somut ve somut olmayan kültürel değerlerin hem çatışmalar hem de yaşanılan zorunlu göçler sebebiyle
geriye döndürülemeyecek zararlar aldığı görülmektedir. Çatışmaların yıkıcı etkisi incelendiğinde dikkat çeken en önemli noktalardan biri ise “evrensel kültürel değerlere” yönelik saldırılarda görülen artıştır.
“Mekanın kültürü somutlaştıran bir alan” olduğu düşünüldüğünde kültürel değerlerin ancak onu yaşayan kullanıcısıyla birlikte korunduğunda birlikte olan anlam – bağlam ilişkisinin de bu süreçte kopmalar yaşadığı görülür.
Nisan 2011’de Suriye’de başlayan iç karışıklıklar sonucunda özellikle güvenlik sorunları nedeniyle 3 milyonun üzerinde Suriye vatandaşı öncelikle Türkiye, Lübnan, Ürdün ve Irak’a göç etmek zorunda kalmıştır. 2016 yılına gelindiğinde ise göç edilen ülke sayısı hızla artmış, buna bağlı olarak göç eden toplulukların dağılması “ortak bellek/kollektif hafıza”nın da kaybolma hızını artırmıştır.
Bu çalışma, Türkiye ve yakın çevresinde güvenlik sorunları nedeniyle ani gelişen göçlerde tarihi çevreyi tehdit eden unsurları “göç ve kültür mirasının korunması” bağlamında incelemeyi hedeflemektedir.

4th INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ENVIRONMENT AND MORALS Proceeding Book, Jun 2018

This study aims to investigate topic of “immigration and protection of the cultural heritage” due... more This study aims to investigate topic of “immigration and protection of the cultural heritage” due to forced migration natural and human induced disasters occurrences in Turkey and its vicinity for last 25 years in the context of threats and opportunities for migration receiving and migration giving places.
The forced immigration because of disasters is one of the most important elements threatening cultural heritage. Especially forced immigration from historical settlements, traditional crafts, ritual etc. are left behind with migration.
Tangible and intangible cultural heritage only become meaningful when they are preserved with their users who have been living at these settlements for centuries and therefore having collective memories containing connection between settlements and space. In case of disasters, sudden and traumatic disassociation of space – practice – user connection damages/destroys collective memory and thus enabling the conditions for “lost identity”. Decreasing adverse effects of natural and human induced disasters on settlements and their users and maintaining sustainable preservation in historical settlements, can be only possible by integrated approach of preserving cultural heritage and reducing disaster risk works together.
In this study, effects of natural and human induced disasters on protecting cultural heritage; potential usage of cultural heritage as driving force and in case of immigration, especially host place positive effects on planning “remigration” and “returning normal life” after disasters to preserve original places where cultural heritages occur are tried to the identified.

I. Uluslararası Karadeniz Kültür Kongresi 1st International Conference on the Black Sea Regional Culture, 2013

Bu çalışma, Prof. Dr. Gülgün Köroğlu tarafından 2010 yılında Sinop Balatlar Kilisesi olarak anıla... more Bu çalışma, Prof. Dr. Gülgün Köroğlu tarafından 2010 yılında Sinop Balatlar Kilisesi olarak anılan kentsel arkeolojik alanda başlatılan kazı çalışmalarının “bütüncül koruma” yaklaşımı doğrultusunda sürdürülmesi kararı sonucunda gerçekleştirilen eşzamanlı arkeolojik kazı-koruma yaklaşımını ele almaktadır. Çalışma Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Koruma Restorasyon Programı Yüksek Lisans tezi kapsamında 2010 yılında başlamıştır ve Doç. Dr. Z. G. ÜNAL yürütücülüğünde Mimar S. Gündoğdu tarafından sürdürülmektedir. Sinop il merkezinde, Ada Mahallesi, 24 pafta, 251 ada, 2 parselde yer alan ve literatürde ‘Balatlar Kilisesi’ ya da ‘Mitridates Sarayı’ olarak bilinen Geç Roma-Erken Bizans dönemlerine tarihlenen yapılar topluluğu, kent içinde yer alan en önemli kalıntılardan biridir. Oldukça geniş bir alana yayılan bu kompleks, kentin gelişmesiyle kısmen yeni yerleşim içinde kalarak fiziksel bütünlüğü kesintiye
uğramıştır. Kazı çalışmalarının henüz başlaması, daha önce yapılmış araştırmaların azlığı ve kompleksin büyük bölümünün harap olması nedeniyle yapıların tekil işlevleri henüz tam olarak tanımlanamamıştır. Bununla birlikte kompleksin özgün halinde “gymnasium-roma hamamı” olduğu düşünülmektedir (Bryer vd., 1985;Strabon, 1917). IV. yy.dan 20. yüzyıla ulaşana kadar yerleşimin geçirdiği değişikliklere bağlı olarak farklı işlevler verilen komplekste bu çalışma kapsamında ele alınan yapı ise 17.yy.’dan sonra “Kilise” olarak kullanılmıştır (Bryer vd., 1985). Bu çalışmanın amacı; kilise ve yakın çevresinde bulunan yapılar topluluğunun mevcut durumunun belgelenmesi kapsamında, kompleksin inşa edildiği dönemden günümüze kadar geçirdiği evrensel
değişiklikleri, bozulma ve onarımlar ile inşasında kullanılan malzeme ve tekniklerin saptanması, bu verilere dayanan restitüsyon denemelerinin yapılması ve arkeolojik buluntular ile bunların anlamlı bir bütün haline gelmesi için gerçekleştirilecek kazı çalışmaları sonucunda ortaya çıkarılması beklenen yeni yapı kalıntılarının arkeolojik alanların korunması yaklaşımına göre korunmasına yönelik önerilerin getirildiği ve koruma projelerinin hazırlanmasıdır. Böylece gelecek yıllarda devam edecek ve bilimsel açıdan birçok tarihi konuyu açıklığa kavuşturacak olan bu kazı çalışmasına yapılar üzerinden okunabilecek kaynaklar sağlamış olunacaktır. Bildiride günümüzde
çağdaş ve yeni bir yaklaşım olan arkeolojik buluntuların kazı aşamasında korunmasına ilişkin yapılan çalışmalar “Balat Yapılar Topluluğu-Kilise Yapısı” özelinde anlatılacaktır.

Papers by saadet gündogdu

International Journal of Cultural Property, 2023

Abstract The Black Sea is a substantial inland sea and has a very fascinating border on the east ... more Abstract
The Black Sea is a substantial inland sea and has a very fascinating border on the east and west. It reaches into the Mediterranean through the straits, into Europe via rivers, and toward Asia via the Caucasus. The human relations developed through this network has led to the emergence of cultural landscape elements in the region. The natural landscape elements that have developed inherently in the natural beauty of the region have also become one of the most important pieces of heritage in the region. In this region, many uncontrolled practices that have taken place in recent years have rapidly degraded the cultural and natural landscape. The purpose of this study is to emphasize the beauty of nature, which makes the Eastern Black Sea region one of the most significant cultural and natural heritage areas of the world, and to explore its impact on human life in the context of water heritage as well as to address the dynamic risks of losing this beauty. In this study, the recognition of water as a heritage component is conceptually discussed in the context of the inherent cultural heritage and natural heritage. The unifying and integrative power of the multicultural water heritage that the region possesses is explicated.
Keywords: Eastern Black Sea Region; risks; water heritage; cultural landscape; cultural diversity

Journal of Planning, 2022

When the concept of identity that defines/emphasizes the distinctive feature is considered from t... more When the concept of identity that defines/emphasizes the distinctive feature is considered from the urban identity standpoint, the urban identity consists of elements that are particular to the city, and that give value and meaning to the city, distinguishing it from others. Experiencing these identity elements of the city by the people enables the formation of a common identity belonging to that city and the development of a sense of belonging. With globalization, various structures of the same type/style, which are not unique to the place, cause the cities to become disidentification and uniform each other. The industrial revolution brought new building typologies to the cities and new identities and images together with the social life. Zonguldak province, located in the Western Black Sea region of Turkey, is also a city that has gained its identity shaped with the coal industry. The fact that these values, which constitute the urban identity of Zonguldak province, are damaged/destroyed by human and natural factors over time puts the sustainability of the city's image and selfidentity at risk. In this study, the industrial heritage values that constitute the urban identity of Zonguldak will be analyzed and discussed in the context of sustainability and industrial landscape concept.

Online Journal of Art and Design (2301- 2501), 2020

Management of Risk for the Historic Environment From Mass Migration and Return Processes due to W... more Management of Risk for the Historic Environment From Mass Migration and Return Processes due to War/armed Conflict
ABSTRACT
A result of the significant increase in the frequency and magnitude of disasters occurring at the turn of the 21st century is severe damage to the cultural heritage. Particularly in the 1990s, the globalization movement rapidly increased the speed and capacity of information and communication technologies and thus impacted events all over the world.
This study examined the effect, since the last quarter of the 20th century, of wars and armed conflicts on historical settlements, many of which that have been damaged or destroyed. and the effect of the mass migration by those affected by such conflict on the preservation of tangible and intangible cultural heritage. In addition, this study emphasized the importance of space-user association and discussed the effect of the loss of traditional knowledge, materials, practices, resources, and storytellers, and other similar losses, in the post-disaster recovery process in the context of migration-return, with the aim of identifying the protection problems that occur and developing suggestions for solutions through a methodology.
When the information obtained in the research process is evaluated and converted into data, in the handling / examination of the subject; It has been observed that the impact of human-induced disasters on natural heritage on the cultural heritage in comparison with the normal immigration movements in the context of the size of the mass / mass migration. Along with this, the fact that the effects of economic, technological and other changes experienced in the last quarter of the 1900s on the processes and results of the researched subjects made this study work according to the time criteria.
The mitigation of all negative situations caused by human-created disasters can only be possible if it includes the protection of cultural heritage; thus, disaster risk mitigation studies with a holistic approach, and proper risk management are necessary. Thus, the revival of the region and the continuity of culture by keeping the space by the original users will ensure cultural continuity.
In order to create a solution model, areas / preliminary samples with and without temporal / periodic and effective similarities were researched primarily. The data obtained from the analyzed case studies provided the basis for the model proposal to be evaluated in order to reduce the risks in places that may or may experience similar risks that may arise during conflict / war processes.
Keywords: cultural heritage, sustainable return, user participation, cultural sustainability, war/ armed conflict, disaster risk management.
ÖZET
21. yüzyıl dönümünde meydana gelen afetlerin sıklığındaki ve büyüklüğündeki önemli artışlar kültür mirasına da büyük oranda zarar vermektedir. Özelikle 1990'lı yıllarla birlikte küreselleşme hareketi bilgi-iletişim teknolojilerindeki hız ve kapasiteleri artırmış, tüm dünya üzerinde yaşanan olayları etkilemiştir. Bu çalışma, 20. yüzyılın son çeyreğinden itibaren yaşanan savaş ve çatışmalarda ağır hasar gören/ yok olan tarihi yerleşimler ve kullanıcılarının toplu olarak göç etmesinin somut ve somut olmayan kültür mirasının korunması üzerinde oluşturacağı etkileri incelemekte, mekân-kullanıcı birlikteliğinin önemini vurgulamakta, geleneksel bilgi, geleneksel malzeme/ uygulamalar/ kaynaklar-hikâye anlatıcılar ve benzeri diğer kayıpların afet sonrası iyileşme sürecindeki etkisini göç-geri dönüş bağlamında ele almakta, oluşan koruma problemlerini tanımlamayı ve çözüm önerilerini bir metodoloji üzerinden geliştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma sürecinde elde edilen bilgiler değerlendirilip verilere dönüştürüldüğünde, konunun ele alınışında/ irdelenişinde; insan kaynaklı afetlerin doğal kaynaklı afetlere, toplu/ kitle halinde yapılan göçlerin büyüklüğü bağlamında normal göçme hareketlerine göre kültür mirası üzerindeki etkisinin farklı veriler sunduğu görülmüştür. Bunun yanında, 1900'lerin son çeyreğinde Dünya'da yaşanılan ekonomik, teknolojik ve diğer değişikliklerin araştırılan konuların süreçleri ve sonuçlarına etkisinin farklı olması bu çalışmasının zaman kriterine bağlı çalışılmasını sağlamıştır. Savaş ve çatışmaların sebep olduğu tüm olumsuz durumların en aza indirilebilmesi kültür mirasının korunması süreci, afet riskinin azaltımı çalışmaları, geri dönüş süreçlerinin planlanmasının bir arada bütüncül bir yaklaşımla ve oluşacak risklerin doğru yönetilmesi ile mümkün olabilir. Bunun sonucunda bölgenin yeniden canlanması, kültürün devamlılığı, mekânın asıl kullanıcısıyla bir arada tutulmasını "kültürel sürekliliği" sağlayacaktır. Bir çözüm modeli oluşturabilmek için zamansal/ dönemsel ve etkisel benzerlikleri olan ve olmayan alanlar/ ön örnekler öncelikli olarak araştırılmıştır. İncelenen örnek olay araştırmalarından elde edilen veriler, çatışma/ savaş süreçlerinde oluşabilecek benzer riskleri yaşayabilecek olan veya yaşayan yerlerde riskleri azaltabilmek için değerlendirilip model önerisine temel hazırlamayı sağlamıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: kültür mirası, sürdürülebilir geri dönüş, kullanıcı katılımı, kültürel süreklilik, savaş/ çatışma, afet risk yönetimi.

Master Unpublished Thesis -Yıldız Technical University, 2012

With its city walls which reached until today, Serapis temple, shipyard, port, madrasa, tomb, fou... more With its city walls which reached until today, Serapis temple, shipyard, port, madrasa, tomb, fountain and various architecture structures, Sinop includes many historical values. In early periods it was conquered by different states as it was an international port and trading city. Therefore it is an important data that structures from different periods and with different functions can be found in the lower layers of the ground. With the Sinop Balatlar Church excavation initiated by Prof. Dr. Gulgun Koroglu in Sinop in 15th of July 2010, with the permission of ministry of culture and tourism and cabinet, the aim is to reach those values.
In excavation regions which are urban archeological areas, thesis study named “Sinop Balatlar Construction Group Analytical Resolution and Protection Methods” was conducted in direction of wholistic protection and synchronized archeological excavation‐protection approach. The structure group known as Balatlar Church or Mitridates Palace in literature with history back to Late Roman – Early Byzantium period is located in Sinop city center, Ada neighbourhood, 24 section, 251 map section, 2 parcel and one of the most important ruins within the city. This structure group which is spread to a very wide area, is partially within new accomodation today due to city development and its physical integrity is interrupted.
Excavation studies starting in July 2010, the previous studies being few and most of the structure group being ruinous, the singular functions of the structures have not been properly defined yet. Balatlar structure group is considered to be “gymnasium‐Roman bath”. Depending on the changes of accomodation starting from 3.century until 20.century, different functions were attributed to the structure group which is examined under the scope of this study. In the first part of the study, literature abstract, aim of the thesis and hypothesis was explained.
In the second part, the history and geographical location of Sinop was investigated and the cult and beliefs and important structures that effect physical locality formation was researched.
In the third section, the place and importance of Balatlar structure group in history was explained and then gymnasium‐bath structures were examined in direction of unique function of the structure group. The water heating systems of bath structures and classification of bath structures were explained. In addition, the legend which I determined to form the spatial‐functional analysis of the Roman bath structure groups in the world was used to finalize the study. After that the evaluation of analytical relief in context of analysis was made, restitution trial studies were made and evaluation of nearby cistern structure and other ruined walls was concluded.
In fourth and last section, the study made so far was synthesized and the general approach for protection of archeological area and preventive precautions to be taken for especially Balatlar structure group were introduced.
Özet
Günümüze kadar ulaşmış olan kent surları, Serapis tapınağı, tersane, liman, medrese, cami, türbe, çeşme ve mimari yapılar ile Sinop birçok tarihi değeri barındırmaktadır. Erken dönemlerde uluslararası liman ve ticaret kenti olması sebebiyle farklı devletler tarafından birçok kez alınmıştır. Bu yüzden toprağın alt katmanlarında farklı dönemlere ait farklı işlevlere sahip yapıların burada yer alması durumu önemli bir veridir. Bakanlar Kurulu ve Kültür‐Turizm Bakanlığının izinleriyle 15 Temmuz 2010 yılında Prof. Dr. Gülgün Köroğlu tarafından Sinop’ta başlatılmış olan “Sinop Balatlar Kilisesi Kazısı” ile bu değerlere ulaşılabilmeye çalışılmaktadır.
Kentsel arkeolojik alan olan kazı çalışmasının sürdürüldüğü bölgede “bütüncül koruma” yaklaşımı doğrultusunda eş zamanlı arkeolojik kazı‐koruma yaklaşımı ile “Sinop Balatlar Yapı Topluluğu Analitik Çözümlemesi ve Koruma Yöntemleri” adlı tez çalışması sürdürülmüştür.
Sinop il merkezinde, Ada Mahallesi, 24 pafta, 251 ada, 2 parselde bulunan ve literatürde ‘Balatlar Kilisesi’ ya da ‘Mitridates Sarayı’ olarak bilinen Geç Roma‐Erken Bizans dönemlerine tarihlenen yapılar topluluğu, kent içinde yer alan en önemli kalıntılardan biridir. Oldukça geniş bir alana yayılan bu yapı topluluğu, kentin gelişmesiyle kısmen yeni yerleşim içinde kalarak fiziksel bütünlüğü kesintiye uğramıştır. Kazı çalışmalarının Temmuz 2010’da başlaması, daha önce yapılmış araştırmaların azlığı henüz tam olarak tanımlanamamıştır.
Balatlar Yapı Topluluğunun özgün halinde “gymnasium‐roma hamamı” olduğu düşünülmektedir. 3. yy.dan 20. yüzyıla ulaşana kadar yerleşimin geçirdiği değişikliklere bağlı olarak farklı işlevler verilen yapı topluluğu bu çalışma kapsamında ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın birinci bölümünde, literatür özeti, tezin amacı ve hipotez açıklanmıştır. İkinci bölümde, Sinop’un tarihi ve coğrafi konumu araştırılarak, buradaki kült ve inanışlar, fizik mekan oluşumunu etkileyen önemli yapılar anlatılmıştır.
Üçüncü bölümde ise, Balatlar Yapı Topluluğu’nun tarihteki yeri ve önemi anlatılmıştır ve ardından yapılar topluluğunun özgün fonksiyonunun incelenmesi doğrultusunda gymnasium‐hamam yapıları araştırılmıştır. Hamam yapılarında ısıtma, su sistemleri, hamam yapılarının sınıflandırılması anlatılmıştır. Bunun yanında dünyadaki roma hamam yapı topluluklarının planlarını mekan‐işlev analizlerini oluşturmak için belirlemiş olduğum lejandı kullanarak çalışma tamamlanmıştır. Daha sonra analitik rölövesinin analizler bağlamında değerlendirilmesi, restitüsyon denemesi çalışmalarının yapılması, yakın çevresinde bulunan sarnıç yapısının ve diğer kalıntı duvarların değerlendirilmesi ortaya konmuştur.
Dördüncü ve son bölümde, buraya kadar yapılmış olan çalışma sentezlenerek arkeolojik alan korumasına genel yaklaşım ve Balatlar Yapı Topluluğu özelinde ise alınması gereken koruma önlemleri ile ilgili yöntemlerin sunulması hedeflenmiştir.

Yıldız Technical University (Unpublished PhD Thesis), 2019

This study aims to define mass forced migration resulting from human induced disasters such as wa... more This study aims to define mass forced migration resulting from human induced disasters such as war and armed conflict in the past 25 years of the turn of the 21st century; along with the arising problems pertaining to the conservation of tangible and intangible cultural heritage that is associated with its users. Furthermore, the study aims to propose solutions via an established methodology.
The working bodies of the United Nations demonstrate that the number of people who have had to migrate due to human-induced or natural disasters in recent times is constantly fluctuating, and every 20 minutes 1 person is displaced according to the data from 2017.
According to the 2016 Global Trend Study of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the number of people who migrated across the world due to security concerns reached 65.5 million by the end of 2016. According to the Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction (GAR-Global Assessment Report) prepared by the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR), between 2008 and 2012: 120 million people were displaced due to disasters related to the weather (climate related, hydrological, meteorological) and 24 million people were displaced due to geophysical happenings (earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanos).
International organizations working on the elimination of the effects of war and armed-conflict, assess the intensity of the conflict based on its physical and human impact. While the physical effects of war or conflict are defined in terms of human resources, infrastructure, housing, the economy and cultural values; the human impact is defined in terms of the number of affected, injured, lost, harmed and displaced people along with refugees . The forced mass migration that these disasters indirectly lead to, accelerates the loss of both tangible and intangible cultural heritage.
The significant increases in the frequency and magnitude of disasters occurring at the turn of the 21st century, are severely damaging cultural heritage. The significance of protecting the heritage sites physically along with their users, comes to the forefront once again with the migrations resulting from disasters.
Research indicates that migration is as old as human history and it progressed in proportion to technological developments and escalated with the industrial revolution. Especially in the 1990s, the globalization movement rapidly increased the speed and capacities of information and communication technologies and thus impacted events all over the world. Moreover, this situation changed the way disaster management was perceived and approached.
The process evaluated within the scope of this study encompasses the national and international forced mass migrations resulting from human induced disasters in the 21st century, within the context of current protection issues.
The mitigation of all negative situations caused by human induced disasters can only be possible with the protection of cultural heritage, disaster risk mitigation studies with a holistic approach, and proper risk management. In situations of war and armed-conflict, cultural heritage is damaged both by selective / targeted destruction and by general destruction (historical environment). Thirdly, the fact that legal procedures do not function due to the conflict, leads to the escalation of illegal excavations and the smuggling of antiquities. Moreover, it is one of the most salient risks that damages tangible and intangible cultural heritage in the event of forced mass migration due to major disasters such as war, armed-conflict and internal turmoil. In the case of forced mass migration due to disasters in historical settlements, it is not merely a case of people migrating but due to this migration the rites, rituals, traditional productions associated with the space and the cultural values related to the space are also abandoned. Some of the losses in disasters occur immediately and some occur after a certain amount of time. When the physical spaces that constitute the tangible cultural heritage are protected together with the original user, then the intangible cultural heritage is also indirectly preserved.
The proper management of the crisis situation that emerged with disasters, the planning of return, the trainings to be provided to migrants and other implementations are discussed in the thesis in line with the protection of tangible and intangible cultural heritage in its place of origin and flourishing.
Intangible cultural heritage has a cultural and social value for society. Trying to protect these values in the aftermath of the disaster will make it easier for the disaster victims to overcome the trauma they have experienced. The protection of monumental structures of the area, elements of civil architecture, and local productions in the workshops during and after the disaster, facilitate the return process of societies to daily life after the disaster and also help restore social ties. Therefore, the continuity of culture can be sustained through the coexistence of the space and its users.
The aid funds to be used for the protection of cultural heritage in the historical regions that have been damaged due to disasters, have the potential to constitute an indirect driving force for displaced people to return. Thus, the revival of the region, the continuity of culture, keeping the space together with the original user, will ensure “cultural continuity”.
The examining of the cases related to human induced disasters, especially ones that occurred in historical regions, and the ensuing forced mass migrations, provides salient data that constitutes examples for further practices. In the study, three of the four regions selected as case studies are places where peace has been attained and the other place is an area where war is continuing. Cases from important conflict areas with which we share common values and where there is an Ottoman legacy were selected. Cases pertaining to war and migration from the selected areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Lebanon-Beirut and Syria were examined. The war, immigration, return, cultural heritage relations, displacement and the severance of cultural continuity were examined for the case of Bosnia and Herzegovina between the years of 1992 and 1995, of Lebanon between the years of 1975-1990 and of Kosovo between the years of 1998 and 1999. Then the continuing civil war and migration in Syria since 2011 was examined in terms of where it began and what the situation is now. The scrutiny of all four cases and the obtained results shall ensure the completion of the suggestions on how to protect cultural heritage in instances of migration.
The survey studies being conducted with people who have emigrated to Turkey; have been categorised under the following themes: the historical / social texture before the war, the relationship between architectural design and the environment, the relationship between space and function/action, the state of conservation before the war, the changes in the physical space, the post-war homeland. With the help of the questions that have been asked under these themes, the survey study aims to define the state of the preservation of cultural heritage affected by migration, by considering the effects of migration on the protection of historical sites, the perception of cultural heritage and the relationship between the sense of belonging and the homeland.
At the end of this dissertation "the planning of disaster risk management for cultural heritage in cases of forced migration due to human-induced disasters" constitutes a systematic model that responds to the risks / problems identified during the thesis study, with the help of the data obtained from the case studies, surveys and research conducted for this thesis. The model is comprised of 3 phases: "risk reduction and preparation phase" before the war/armed conflict; "monitoring and capacity conservation phase" when the war/armed conflict begins, spreads and during the armed conflict / war; "the planning of the return process and the rehabilitation of historical areas" in the rehabilitation phase after the war/ armed conflict. Through the case studies a solution proposal that focuses on the post-disaster phase of disaster management while including all the pre-disaster, disaster and post disaster implementations, has been developed. This proposal also encompasses the topics of “community participation, capacity building, sustainable development, vision, security, equality, restructuring and reconciliation”. The study has shown that, in light of the changing parameters of war and armed conflicts after 1990, there needs to be changes and additions made to the solution path of the subject that was researched. The fact that the user constitutes the key actor in this issue, relocation within mass migration, the importance of return, the role of cultural heritage as a driving force in the process of reconstruction should all be considered as part of the management system. The fact that long-term sustainable development can only be attained through the disaster-stricken country's own resources, local building production knowledge and original user participation, is proof that the country needs to be prepared for sustainable return to ensure the return of the original users and to obtain successful sustainability. Turning the existing risk situation into an opportunity and using the protection of cultural heritage as a driving force constitutes the basis of a sustainable study. In the protection of cultural heritage, the model of “planning the return / return home and the planning of the rehabilitation of the historical environment in cases of forced mass migration due to human induced disasters” defines the theoretical and practical necessity of reconstruction.

Kültür Politikası Yıllık 2019- Cultural Policy Yearbook 2019, 2020

The conflicts that have been happening around the world since the turn of the 21st century, which... more The conflicts that have been happening around the world since the turn of the 21st century, which are also known as modern warfare, threaten cultural properties and their users, and lead to irreversible damage. The forced displacement of communities, who have shaped and preserved their cultures for centuries, and who are the owners and users of the cultural properties which have become part of their lives, causes the original users of these properties to change, and leads to the migration of collective memory, which develops via the relationships between places and activities.
United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction-UNISDR) states that the disasters’ negative impact on vulnerability will continue to increase (UNISDR, 2015, p. 108). When the risks that cultural properties are exposed to are reviewed, it is understood that expediting the post-war/post-conflict return process of displaced communities is not only important in terms of the healthy rehabilitation process of societies and the environment; it is also the main requirement for protecting cultural properties in a sustainable manner.
The countries that border conflicts zones and host refugees in particular, have certain duties and responsibilities with regards to the return process of refugees after a safe and stable environment is established in their home countries.
Completed in 2019, this doctoral study examines the relationship between “war-displacement-preservation of cultural heritage” through the Syria example. The research conducted as part of this dissertation consisted of international treaties, case studies, and an impact assessment carried out through interviews held with Syrian university students living in Turkey, most of whom are studying architecture or engineering. The obtained data was evaluated in terms of determining cultural heritage’s role in planning the return processes after forced mass displacements.

Marmara Belediyeler Birliği Kültür Yayınları. Hazırlayan: Ezgi Küçük. Göçmen Çocuk için Bir Şehir - A City for an Immigrant Child -2. Uluslararası Çocukların Kenti Kongresi Bildiri Kitabı, 2017

Evden ayrılışla birlikte daha önce yaşanan mekanlar, çevre ve çevreye bağlı oluşan günlük yaşam a... more Evden ayrılışla birlikte daha önce yaşanan mekanlar, çevre ve çevreye bağlı oluşan günlük yaşam alışkanlıklarına ilişkin hatıralar da yok olmaya başlar. Özellikle yaşadığımız çevre algısında geçmişe dayalı aidiyet duygusunu oluşturan tarihi yapılar, alanlar ve bu mekanlarda gerçekleştirilen eylemleri kapsayan "kültür mirası" ile ilgili hafıza tazeleme, aidiyet duygusunun hatırlanması için büyük öneme sahiptir. Atölyenin amacı, özellikle yakın dönemde komşularımızda meydana gelen çatışmalar sonrasında ana yurdunu terk etmek zorunda kalan çocuklara kültür mirası üzerinden bu hatırlatmayı yapmak ve ait oldukları kültürel ve bu kültürün ürünleri olan tüm somut ve somut olmayan kültür mirası değerlerinin önemini vurgulamaktır.

Symposium Papers by saadet gündogdu

Books by saadet gündogdu

Architectural Sciences and Cultural Heritage–Traces of the History, 2023