Javier Estrada de la Cerda | Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala (original) (raw)
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Artículos by Javier Estrada de la Cerda
The Mayanist, Volume 5, Number 2, 2024
En los suelos de la planicie costera del Pacífico se encuentran algunas de las tierras más produ... more En los suelos de la planicie costera del Pacífico se encuentran algunas de
las tierras más productivas de toda Mesoamérica. La planicie, conformada
por depósitos aluviales ricos en nutrientes es irrigada por numerosos
ríos que descienden desde la cordillera volcánica y se dirigen al océano
Pacífico. Por miles de años, las poblaciones costeñas aprovecharon estas
condiciones, convirtiéndose en grandes centros con economías sustentadas
en el cultivo de hortalizas y el comercio a larga distancia.
En los últimos siglos el paisaje de la planicie ha sido modificado
drásticamente aprovechando los fértiles suelos para acomodar toda variedad
de cultivos. La perturbación descontrolada del bioma, que incluye
deforestación a gran escala, desvío y contaminación de ríos, introducción
de especies invasoras y presión demográfica, han ocasionado una degradación
severa en todos los ecosistemas de la planicie. Muchas especies
han sido extirpadas en la región, mientras que el paisaje predominante
son las grandes plantaciones de monocultivos que se extienden por el
horizonte.
Tras las profundas alteraciones al paisaje, la reconstrucción del
ambiente antiguo es complicada e incorpora muchas posibilidades y
suposiciones, pero un acercamiento multidisciplinario con evidencias
arqueológicas sustentadas en documentaciones históricas y evidencias
toponímicas, así como en análisis zooarqueológicos, paleobotánicos e
iconográficos nos adentran a un paisaje probable acontecido alrededor
del año 500 de la era común.
XXX Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2016, 2017, 2017
According to the accounts, towards the end of the XIX Century a kaq’chik’el group settled in the ... more According to the accounts, towards the end of the XIX Century a kaq’chik’el group settled in the northern skirt of Cerro de Oro, founding the village that is known today. Under the strong influence of the tz’utujil of Santiago Atitlán the migrant group adopted the language, clothing and some customs. Nevertheless the oral tradition still remembers the origin of these settlers. On the other hand, the archaeological evidence shows that the occupation of the hill goes back to ancestral times. The regional geography and the abundant resources of the lake favored the settlement of these first groups, as evidenced by the rock art motifs at the top of the hill. This work undertakes the study of the understanding of the hill in the old and recent communities from an archaeological and ethnographic perspective.
XXXII Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2018, 2019
Over the course of a long history, various traditions of stone monuments and sculptural styles de... more Over the course of a long history, various traditions of stone monuments and sculptural styles developed in the Guatemalan Highlands. In Kaminaljuyu, the largest center with the longest occupation, monuments and sculptures appear everywhere throughout the site. In recent years, Guatemala City has destroyed most of the ancient site, but recent rescue and archaeological research programs have discovered new groups of monuments. The sampling of the rocks with a portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer (XRF) has allowed the identification of groups of monuments according to their chemical structure. This paper presents the results of a preliminary evaluation of the data pattern of the elements, considering whether monumental traditions in stone, sculptural techniques (low relief, high relief and full round), temporality, contexts and styles correspond to recognizable chemical groups. The main objective is to identify patterns in the exploitation of quarries that marked trends and use of the rocks with which the sculptors formed the artistic landscape of Kaminaljuyu.
XXXII Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2018, 2019
Our understanding of Kaminaljuyu have improved during the last decade. An active research program... more Our understanding of Kaminaljuyu have improved during the last decade. An active research program, sponsored by the Alphawood Foundation and a fellowship from Ibaraki University obtained from the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (presented to K. Aoyama), have allowed to run a number of radiocarbon samples recovered during the various field seasons from the Zona Arqueologica Kaminaljuyu (ZAK) project. These dates have yielded valuable information for the understanding of the site’s history during the Preclassic and Classic periods. This paper presents the results obtained from the radiocarbon samples from the ZAK program subject to Bayesian and ceramic analysis, offering innovative data on the development of the site over 2,000 years.
XXIX Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2015, 2016
Ravines constituted physical and natural areas of great importance to pre-hispanic societies in t... more Ravines constituted physical and natural areas of great importance to pre-hispanic societies in the Central Valley of Guatemala. As physical places they delimited the extent of the villages and determined the distribution of these throughout the Valley. They were also used as fast accesses to the trade routes as well as markers of political boundaries. As natural places they contain elements (fauna, flora, water and minerals) from a unique ecosystem that provided basic natural resources for subsistence; materials for construction and art; and elements for the enrichment of the ideology and religion of pre-hispanic societies of the Central Valley.
Informes by Javier Estrada de la Cerda
El Proyecto Arqueológico Los Chatos-Montana tiene como principal objetivo documentar la presencia... more El Proyecto Arqueológico Los Chatos-Montana tiene como principal objetivo documentar la presencia teotihuacana y su impacto en la sociedad del Clásico Temprano de la planicie costera de Escuintla, Guatemala.
Tesis by Javier Estrada de la Cerda
Tesis de Licenciatura en Arqueología. Escuela de Historia, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala... more Tesis de Licenciatura en Arqueología. Escuela de Historia, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala 2017.
The Mayanist, Volume 5, Number 2, 2024
En los suelos de la planicie costera del Pacífico se encuentran algunas de las tierras más produ... more En los suelos de la planicie costera del Pacífico se encuentran algunas de
las tierras más productivas de toda Mesoamérica. La planicie, conformada
por depósitos aluviales ricos en nutrientes es irrigada por numerosos
ríos que descienden desde la cordillera volcánica y se dirigen al océano
Pacífico. Por miles de años, las poblaciones costeñas aprovecharon estas
condiciones, convirtiéndose en grandes centros con economías sustentadas
en el cultivo de hortalizas y el comercio a larga distancia.
En los últimos siglos el paisaje de la planicie ha sido modificado
drásticamente aprovechando los fértiles suelos para acomodar toda variedad
de cultivos. La perturbación descontrolada del bioma, que incluye
deforestación a gran escala, desvío y contaminación de ríos, introducción
de especies invasoras y presión demográfica, han ocasionado una degradación
severa en todos los ecosistemas de la planicie. Muchas especies
han sido extirpadas en la región, mientras que el paisaje predominante
son las grandes plantaciones de monocultivos que se extienden por el
horizonte.
Tras las profundas alteraciones al paisaje, la reconstrucción del
ambiente antiguo es complicada e incorpora muchas posibilidades y
suposiciones, pero un acercamiento multidisciplinario con evidencias
arqueológicas sustentadas en documentaciones históricas y evidencias
toponímicas, así como en análisis zooarqueológicos, paleobotánicos e
iconográficos nos adentran a un paisaje probable acontecido alrededor
del año 500 de la era común.
XXX Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2016, 2017, 2017
According to the accounts, towards the end of the XIX Century a kaq’chik’el group settled in the ... more According to the accounts, towards the end of the XIX Century a kaq’chik’el group settled in the northern skirt of Cerro de Oro, founding the village that is known today. Under the strong influence of the tz’utujil of Santiago Atitlán the migrant group adopted the language, clothing and some customs. Nevertheless the oral tradition still remembers the origin of these settlers. On the other hand, the archaeological evidence shows that the occupation of the hill goes back to ancestral times. The regional geography and the abundant resources of the lake favored the settlement of these first groups, as evidenced by the rock art motifs at the top of the hill. This work undertakes the study of the understanding of the hill in the old and recent communities from an archaeological and ethnographic perspective.
XXXII Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2018, 2019
Over the course of a long history, various traditions of stone monuments and sculptural styles de... more Over the course of a long history, various traditions of stone monuments and sculptural styles developed in the Guatemalan Highlands. In Kaminaljuyu, the largest center with the longest occupation, monuments and sculptures appear everywhere throughout the site. In recent years, Guatemala City has destroyed most of the ancient site, but recent rescue and archaeological research programs have discovered new groups of monuments. The sampling of the rocks with a portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer (XRF) has allowed the identification of groups of monuments according to their chemical structure. This paper presents the results of a preliminary evaluation of the data pattern of the elements, considering whether monumental traditions in stone, sculptural techniques (low relief, high relief and full round), temporality, contexts and styles correspond to recognizable chemical groups. The main objective is to identify patterns in the exploitation of quarries that marked trends and use of the rocks with which the sculptors formed the artistic landscape of Kaminaljuyu.
XXXII Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2018, 2019
Our understanding of Kaminaljuyu have improved during the last decade. An active research program... more Our understanding of Kaminaljuyu have improved during the last decade. An active research program, sponsored by the Alphawood Foundation and a fellowship from Ibaraki University obtained from the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (presented to K. Aoyama), have allowed to run a number of radiocarbon samples recovered during the various field seasons from the Zona Arqueologica Kaminaljuyu (ZAK) project. These dates have yielded valuable information for the understanding of the site’s history during the Preclassic and Classic periods. This paper presents the results obtained from the radiocarbon samples from the ZAK program subject to Bayesian and ceramic analysis, offering innovative data on the development of the site over 2,000 years.
XXIX Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2015, 2016
Ravines constituted physical and natural areas of great importance to pre-hispanic societies in t... more Ravines constituted physical and natural areas of great importance to pre-hispanic societies in the Central Valley of Guatemala. As physical places they delimited the extent of the villages and determined the distribution of these throughout the Valley. They were also used as fast accesses to the trade routes as well as markers of political boundaries. As natural places they contain elements (fauna, flora, water and minerals) from a unique ecosystem that provided basic natural resources for subsistence; materials for construction and art; and elements for the enrichment of the ideology and religion of pre-hispanic societies of the Central Valley.
El Proyecto Arqueológico Los Chatos-Montana tiene como principal objetivo documentar la presencia... more El Proyecto Arqueológico Los Chatos-Montana tiene como principal objetivo documentar la presencia teotihuacana y su impacto en la sociedad del Clásico Temprano de la planicie costera de Escuintla, Guatemala.
Tesis de Licenciatura en Arqueología. Escuela de Historia, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala... more Tesis de Licenciatura en Arqueología. Escuela de Historia, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala 2017.