Robert Buice | Sanofi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Robert Buice

asrg.contactincontext.org

... In a separate study, rat pups from 2 litters of female obese (fa/fa) rats were imaged at 3 da... more ... In a separate study, rat pups from 2 litters of female obese (fa/fa) rats were imaged at 3 days of age, and allowed to grow until 16 weeks of age. Adult rats were weighed, and imaged as described below. Chronic infusion studies. ...

Microscopy and Microanalysis

Accurate and nondestructive measurement of different lipoproteins simultaneously in carotid plaqu... more Accurate and nondestructive measurement of different lipoproteins simultaneously in carotid plaque in stroke patients using near-infrared (IR) imaging spectrometry seems possible for research. The lipoprotein composition of the plaque appears to have an impact on the outcome of the disease process. Carotid atherosclerosis without associated thrombosis is frequently a benign disease that is asymptomatic, although TIAs may be present in other cases. Many patients with carotid atherosclerosis can be treated surgically by endarterectomy with high initial success and favorable long-term prognosis. The acute manifestation of carotid atherosclerosis - stroke - arises when thrombus or ulceration develop. This potentially life-threatening complication probably develops at the site of plaque fissure or rupture. Recent research by others indicates that it is not the severity of stenosis (plaque volume) that determines the outcome: it is the type of stenosis (plaque chemical composition) and th...

Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France), 1998

Approximately one-third of Americans are classified as obese. There has long been an interest in ... more Approximately one-third of Americans are classified as obese. There has long been an interest in drug therapies for obesity. Interest in obesity research and in drug interventions in obesity has greatly increased since the discovery of a protein named leptin, one of apparently many competing biological signals in energy metabolism. The complexity of the obesity problem demands new non-invasive and non-destructive methods for monitoring lipid metabolism and energy expenditure to study the competing biological signals and their effects. A new computer algorithm for spectrometric imaging of living subjects is used to remove artifacts arising from subject motion from spectra and images. The algorithm is sufficiently simple to be implemented easily in hardware for real-time video processing. Because the algorithm can be applied to images, thermogenesis and lipid metabolism in interscapular adipose tissue can be observed directly in unrestrained and unanesthetized subjects using an InSb f...

Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 1998

Applied Spectroscopy, 1996

Applied Spectroscopy, 1994

Acoustic-resonance spectrometry (ARS) provides a means of identifying and quantifying materials. ... more Acoustic-resonance spectrometry (ARS) provides a means of identifying and quantifying materials. A new ARS instrument incorporates a three-transducer design that increases sensitivity through interferometry and uses polyvinylidene fluoride piezoelectric films instead of ceramic transducers to give high output voltages, broader bandwidth, and lower cost. The operating parameters of the ARS are optimized with a widely applicable technique named Universal Numerical Optimization (UNO). The UNO technique allows refinement of instrumental parameters on the basis of distances in hyperspace between sample sets. The new ARS is able to identify different intact tablets and predict the percent dissolution of intact carbamazepine tablets at one hour in a standard apparatus to within 4.6% at a fraction of the cost of traditional or even near-IR methods.

Applied Spectroscopy, 1993

Near-IR spectrometric determination of minor constituents of biological systems is complicated by... more Near-IR spectrometric determination of minor constituents of biological systems is complicated by the fact that near-IR spectra of these materials vary in different chemical and physical environments. In such cases, wavelength selection methods and full-spectral techniques such as partial least-squares and principal component regression (which weight each wavelength in calibration) produce excess error because they must attempt to model both variations in major constituents and variations in the analyte. A magnetohydrodynamic acoustic-resonance near-IR (MARNIR) spectrometer can determine major constituents of biological materials noninvasively and nondestructively, leaving the near-IR spectrum of the analyte to be used quantitatively with less prediction error.

AAPS PharmSciTech, 2006

This research was performed to test the hypothesis that acoustic-resonance spectrometry (ARS) is ... more This research was performed to test the hypothesis that acoustic-resonance spectrometry (ARS) is able to rapidly and accurately differentiate tablets of similar size and shape. The US Food and Drug Administration frequently orders recalls of tablets because of labeling problems (eg, the wrong tablet appears in a bottle). A high-throughput, nondestructive method of online analysis and label comparison before shipping could obviate the need for recall or disposal of a batch of mislabeled drugs, thus saving a company considerable expense and preventing a major safety risk. ARS is accurate and precise as well as inexpensive and nondestructive, and the sensor is constructed from readily available parts, suggesting utility as a process analytical technology (PAT). To test the classification ability of ARS, 5 common household tablets of similar size and shape were chosen for analysis (aspirin, ibuprofen, acetaminophen, vitamin C, and vitamin B12). The measures of successful tablet identification were intertablet distances in nonparametric multidimensional standard deviations (MSDs) greater than 3 and intratablet MSDs less than 3, as calculated from an extended bootstrap erroradjusted single sample technique. The average intertablet MSD was 65.64, while the average intratablet MSD from cross-validation was 1.91. Tablet mass (r 2 = 0.977), thickness (r 2 = 0.977), and density (r 2 = 0.900) were measured very accurately from the AR spectra, each with less than 10% error. Tablets were identified correctly with only 250 ms data collection time. These results demonstrate that ARS effectively identified and characterized the 5 types of tablets and could potentially serve as a rapid highthroughput online pharmaceutical sensor.

Pharmaceutical research, 1997

To predict the degree of crosslinking from formaldehyde-stressed hard gelatin capsules (HGCs) usi... more To predict the degree of crosslinking from formaldehyde-stressed hard gelatin capsules (HGCs) using near-infrared spectrophotometry (NIR). HGCs were exposed to a 150 ppb atmosphere of formaldehyde for 2.25, 4.60, 9.42, 16.0 and 24.0 hours. The capsules were filled with fresh amoxicillin, placed in a 90 degrees conical reflector cone, and scanned in a NIR spectrophotometer. Principal component regression (PCR) was employed to analyze the spectra of the intact capsules. Dissolution profiles were then obtained for each experimental group. The dissolution of amoxicillin from the capsules at pH 1.2 was found to decrease with increasing time of exposure to the formaldehyde atmosphere. A set of principal components (PCs) was formed by a linear combination of the absorbance values at each wavelength scanned. A good correlation was established (r2 = 0.963) when PC values from the NIR spectra of the HGCs were regressed against percentage of amoxicillin dissolved at 45 minutes, at pH 1.2. Wate...

Pharmaceutical research, 1995

Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 1998

The migration of formaldehyde from a polyethylene glycol (PEG) fill into the gelatin shell of a s... more The migration of formaldehyde from a polyethylene glycol (PEG) fill into the gelatin shell of a soft elastic capsule was monitored using near-infrared (NIR) spectrophotometry. Principal component regression (PCR) was employed to analyze the spectra of the empty capsules. Good correlation was established (r 2 = 0. 988) when actual concentrations of formaldehyde in the PEG fill of the capsules were regressed against the PC values from NIR spectra of the emptied and washed capsules.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2008

The current goal of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) therapy is to maximally suppress ... more The current goal of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) therapy is to maximally suppress viral replication. Securing this goal requires new drugs and treatment classes. The chemokine receptor CCR5 provides an entry portal for HIV-1, and PRO 140 is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to CCR5 and potently inhibits CCR5-tropic (R5) HIV-1 in vitro. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalating study was conducted in 39 individuals with HIV-1 RNA levels or =5000 copies/mL, CD4(+) cell counts > or =250 cells/microL, no antiretroviral therapy for 3 months, and only R5 HIV-1 detectable. Cohorts were randomized 3:10 to receive placebo or doses of PRO 140 of 0.5, 2, or 5 mg/kg. Subjects were monitored for 58 days for safety, antiviral effects, and serum concentrations of PRO 140. PRO 140 was generally well tolerated and demonstrated potent, rapid, prolonged, and dose-dependent antiviral activity. Mean reductions in HIV-1 RNA level of 0.58 log(10), 1.20 log(10) (P= .0002) and 1.83 log(10) (P= .0001) were observed for the 0.5-, 2-, and 5-mg/kg dose groups, respectively. Reductions in mean viral load of > or =10-fold were observed within 4 days and persisted for 2-3 weeks after treatment. This trial established clear proof of concept for PRO 140 as a potent antiretroviral agent with extended activity after a single dose. ISRCTN Register: ISRCTN45537485 .

Applied Spectroscopy, 1996

Page 1. focal point BY ROBERT J. DEMPSEY,* DARON G. DAVIS,t ROBERT G. BUICE, JR.?I: AND ROBERT A.... more Page 1. focal point BY ROBERT J. DEMPSEY,* DARON G. DAVIS,t ROBERT G. BUICE, JR.?I: AND ROBERT A. LODDER:I: COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY MEDICAL CENTER, LEXINGTON, KENTUCKY 40536-0082 Biological and Medical ...

Applied Spectroscopy, 1994

Acoustic-resonance spectrometry (ARS) provides a means of identifying and quantifying materials. ... more Acoustic-resonance spectrometry (ARS) provides a means of identifying and quantifying materials. A new ARS instrument incorporates a threetransducer design that increases sensitivity through interferometry and uses polyvinylidene fluoride piezoelectric films instead of ceramic transducers to give high output voltages, broader bandwidth, and lower cost. The operating parameters of the ARS are optimized with a widely applicable technique named Universal Numerical Optimization (UNO). The UN0 technique allows refinement of instrumental parameters on the basis of distances in hyperspace between sample sets. The new ARS is able to identify different intact tablets and predict the percent dissolution of intact carbamazepine tablets at one hour in a standard apparatus to within 4.6% at a fraction of the cost of traditional or even near-IR methods.

Applied Spectroscopy, 1993

... ROBERT G. BUICE, JR., and ROBERT A. LODDER* Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics... more ... ROBERT G. BUICE, JR., and ROBERT A. LODDER* Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky Medical Center ... Louis, MO) was diluted with water and 2-propanol to give 0.0-, 0.5-, 1.0-, 1.5-, 2.0-, 3.0-, 4.0-mg/mL solutions of ...

asrg.contactincontext.org

... In a separate study, rat pups from 2 litters of female obese (fa/fa) rats were imaged at 3 da... more ... In a separate study, rat pups from 2 litters of female obese (fa/fa) rats were imaged at 3 days of age, and allowed to grow until 16 weeks of age. Adult rats were weighed, and imaged as described below. Chronic infusion studies. ...

Microscopy and Microanalysis

Accurate and nondestructive measurement of different lipoproteins simultaneously in carotid plaqu... more Accurate and nondestructive measurement of different lipoproteins simultaneously in carotid plaque in stroke patients using near-infrared (IR) imaging spectrometry seems possible for research. The lipoprotein composition of the plaque appears to have an impact on the outcome of the disease process. Carotid atherosclerosis without associated thrombosis is frequently a benign disease that is asymptomatic, although TIAs may be present in other cases. Many patients with carotid atherosclerosis can be treated surgically by endarterectomy with high initial success and favorable long-term prognosis. The acute manifestation of carotid atherosclerosis - stroke - arises when thrombus or ulceration develop. This potentially life-threatening complication probably develops at the site of plaque fissure or rupture. Recent research by others indicates that it is not the severity of stenosis (plaque volume) that determines the outcome: it is the type of stenosis (plaque chemical composition) and th...

Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France), 1998

Approximately one-third of Americans are classified as obese. There has long been an interest in ... more Approximately one-third of Americans are classified as obese. There has long been an interest in drug therapies for obesity. Interest in obesity research and in drug interventions in obesity has greatly increased since the discovery of a protein named leptin, one of apparently many competing biological signals in energy metabolism. The complexity of the obesity problem demands new non-invasive and non-destructive methods for monitoring lipid metabolism and energy expenditure to study the competing biological signals and their effects. A new computer algorithm for spectrometric imaging of living subjects is used to remove artifacts arising from subject motion from spectra and images. The algorithm is sufficiently simple to be implemented easily in hardware for real-time video processing. Because the algorithm can be applied to images, thermogenesis and lipid metabolism in interscapular adipose tissue can be observed directly in unrestrained and unanesthetized subjects using an InSb f...

Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 1998

Applied Spectroscopy, 1996

Applied Spectroscopy, 1994

Acoustic-resonance spectrometry (ARS) provides a means of identifying and quantifying materials. ... more Acoustic-resonance spectrometry (ARS) provides a means of identifying and quantifying materials. A new ARS instrument incorporates a three-transducer design that increases sensitivity through interferometry and uses polyvinylidene fluoride piezoelectric films instead of ceramic transducers to give high output voltages, broader bandwidth, and lower cost. The operating parameters of the ARS are optimized with a widely applicable technique named Universal Numerical Optimization (UNO). The UNO technique allows refinement of instrumental parameters on the basis of distances in hyperspace between sample sets. The new ARS is able to identify different intact tablets and predict the percent dissolution of intact carbamazepine tablets at one hour in a standard apparatus to within 4.6% at a fraction of the cost of traditional or even near-IR methods.

Applied Spectroscopy, 1993

Near-IR spectrometric determination of minor constituents of biological systems is complicated by... more Near-IR spectrometric determination of minor constituents of biological systems is complicated by the fact that near-IR spectra of these materials vary in different chemical and physical environments. In such cases, wavelength selection methods and full-spectral techniques such as partial least-squares and principal component regression (which weight each wavelength in calibration) produce excess error because they must attempt to model both variations in major constituents and variations in the analyte. A magnetohydrodynamic acoustic-resonance near-IR (MARNIR) spectrometer can determine major constituents of biological materials noninvasively and nondestructively, leaving the near-IR spectrum of the analyte to be used quantitatively with less prediction error.

AAPS PharmSciTech, 2006

This research was performed to test the hypothesis that acoustic-resonance spectrometry (ARS) is ... more This research was performed to test the hypothesis that acoustic-resonance spectrometry (ARS) is able to rapidly and accurately differentiate tablets of similar size and shape. The US Food and Drug Administration frequently orders recalls of tablets because of labeling problems (eg, the wrong tablet appears in a bottle). A high-throughput, nondestructive method of online analysis and label comparison before shipping could obviate the need for recall or disposal of a batch of mislabeled drugs, thus saving a company considerable expense and preventing a major safety risk. ARS is accurate and precise as well as inexpensive and nondestructive, and the sensor is constructed from readily available parts, suggesting utility as a process analytical technology (PAT). To test the classification ability of ARS, 5 common household tablets of similar size and shape were chosen for analysis (aspirin, ibuprofen, acetaminophen, vitamin C, and vitamin B12). The measures of successful tablet identification were intertablet distances in nonparametric multidimensional standard deviations (MSDs) greater than 3 and intratablet MSDs less than 3, as calculated from an extended bootstrap erroradjusted single sample technique. The average intertablet MSD was 65.64, while the average intratablet MSD from cross-validation was 1.91. Tablet mass (r 2 = 0.977), thickness (r 2 = 0.977), and density (r 2 = 0.900) were measured very accurately from the AR spectra, each with less than 10% error. Tablets were identified correctly with only 250 ms data collection time. These results demonstrate that ARS effectively identified and characterized the 5 types of tablets and could potentially serve as a rapid highthroughput online pharmaceutical sensor.

Pharmaceutical research, 1997

To predict the degree of crosslinking from formaldehyde-stressed hard gelatin capsules (HGCs) usi... more To predict the degree of crosslinking from formaldehyde-stressed hard gelatin capsules (HGCs) using near-infrared spectrophotometry (NIR). HGCs were exposed to a 150 ppb atmosphere of formaldehyde for 2.25, 4.60, 9.42, 16.0 and 24.0 hours. The capsules were filled with fresh amoxicillin, placed in a 90 degrees conical reflector cone, and scanned in a NIR spectrophotometer. Principal component regression (PCR) was employed to analyze the spectra of the intact capsules. Dissolution profiles were then obtained for each experimental group. The dissolution of amoxicillin from the capsules at pH 1.2 was found to decrease with increasing time of exposure to the formaldehyde atmosphere. A set of principal components (PCs) was formed by a linear combination of the absorbance values at each wavelength scanned. A good correlation was established (r2 = 0.963) when PC values from the NIR spectra of the HGCs were regressed against percentage of amoxicillin dissolved at 45 minutes, at pH 1.2. Wate...

Pharmaceutical research, 1995

Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 1998

The migration of formaldehyde from a polyethylene glycol (PEG) fill into the gelatin shell of a s... more The migration of formaldehyde from a polyethylene glycol (PEG) fill into the gelatin shell of a soft elastic capsule was monitored using near-infrared (NIR) spectrophotometry. Principal component regression (PCR) was employed to analyze the spectra of the empty capsules. Good correlation was established (r 2 = 0. 988) when actual concentrations of formaldehyde in the PEG fill of the capsules were regressed against the PC values from NIR spectra of the emptied and washed capsules.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2008

The current goal of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) therapy is to maximally suppress ... more The current goal of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) therapy is to maximally suppress viral replication. Securing this goal requires new drugs and treatment classes. The chemokine receptor CCR5 provides an entry portal for HIV-1, and PRO 140 is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to CCR5 and potently inhibits CCR5-tropic (R5) HIV-1 in vitro. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalating study was conducted in 39 individuals with HIV-1 RNA levels or =5000 copies/mL, CD4(+) cell counts > or =250 cells/microL, no antiretroviral therapy for 3 months, and only R5 HIV-1 detectable. Cohorts were randomized 3:10 to receive placebo or doses of PRO 140 of 0.5, 2, or 5 mg/kg. Subjects were monitored for 58 days for safety, antiviral effects, and serum concentrations of PRO 140. PRO 140 was generally well tolerated and demonstrated potent, rapid, prolonged, and dose-dependent antiviral activity. Mean reductions in HIV-1 RNA level of 0.58 log(10), 1.20 log(10) (P= .0002) and 1.83 log(10) (P= .0001) were observed for the 0.5-, 2-, and 5-mg/kg dose groups, respectively. Reductions in mean viral load of > or =10-fold were observed within 4 days and persisted for 2-3 weeks after treatment. This trial established clear proof of concept for PRO 140 as a potent antiretroviral agent with extended activity after a single dose. ISRCTN Register: ISRCTN45537485 .

Applied Spectroscopy, 1996

Page 1. focal point BY ROBERT J. DEMPSEY,* DARON G. DAVIS,t ROBERT G. BUICE, JR.?I: AND ROBERT A.... more Page 1. focal point BY ROBERT J. DEMPSEY,* DARON G. DAVIS,t ROBERT G. BUICE, JR.?I: AND ROBERT A. LODDER:I: COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY MEDICAL CENTER, LEXINGTON, KENTUCKY 40536-0082 Biological and Medical ...

Applied Spectroscopy, 1994

Acoustic-resonance spectrometry (ARS) provides a means of identifying and quantifying materials. ... more Acoustic-resonance spectrometry (ARS) provides a means of identifying and quantifying materials. A new ARS instrument incorporates a threetransducer design that increases sensitivity through interferometry and uses polyvinylidene fluoride piezoelectric films instead of ceramic transducers to give high output voltages, broader bandwidth, and lower cost. The operating parameters of the ARS are optimized with a widely applicable technique named Universal Numerical Optimization (UNO). The UN0 technique allows refinement of instrumental parameters on the basis of distances in hyperspace between sample sets. The new ARS is able to identify different intact tablets and predict the percent dissolution of intact carbamazepine tablets at one hour in a standard apparatus to within 4.6% at a fraction of the cost of traditional or even near-IR methods.

Applied Spectroscopy, 1993

... ROBERT G. BUICE, JR., and ROBERT A. LODDER* Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics... more ... ROBERT G. BUICE, JR., and ROBERT A. LODDER* Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky Medical Center ... Louis, MO) was diluted with water and 2-propanol to give 0.0-, 0.5-, 1.0-, 1.5-, 2.0-, 3.0-, 4.0-mg/mL solutions of ...