Scientific Research Journal | Scirj (original) (raw)

Papers by Scientific Research Journal

Utilization of snakehead fish as a health food has an impact on increasing by-product of skin and... more Utilization of snakehead fish as a health food has an impact on increasing by-product of skin and bone. This study aims to evaluate the chemical composition, amino acids and collagen content of the skin and bone of snakehead fish, as a consideration in its use further. This study used the skin and bone from snakehead fish in weight 900 to 1,000 g. Characteristics of skin and bone of snakehead consist of chemical composition and amino acid content. The percentage of water and protein is higher in the skin, and conversely, the fat and ash content is higher in bone. The highest percentage of amino acids in the skin and bone were glycine and proline, respectively, and the presence of hydroxyproline shown that the skin of snakehead fish was the source of collagen. Index termSkin of snakehead, bone of snakehead, chemical composition, amino acid, collagen content

This study aims to analyze the influence of tourism products, the service quality and the uniquen... more This study aims to analyze the influence of tourism products, the service quality and the uniqueness of the destination toward tourist satisfaction and loyalty. This research was conducted in the five most visited areas of South Sulawesi; Makassar, Maros, Bantaeng, Bulukumba, and North Toraja and as many as 250 respondents have been set during the research. SEM analysis techniques with AMOS software were both applied. The results show that Tourism Products have a positive and significant influence on the satisfaction of tourists as well as positive and significant relationship to the loyalty of tourists. On the contrary, Service Quality has a positive but not significant impact on the loyalty of tourists. The uniqueness of Destination however has positive and significant influences on the satisfaction of tourists and has a negative and insignificant influence on the loyalty of tourists. The satisfaction of tourists has a positive and significant influence on the loyalty of tourists....

Satisfaction is an important measure of the desired level of happiness. The achievement of the de... more Satisfaction is an important measure of the desired level of happiness. The achievement of the desired financial level in order to achieve the happiness of life for the individual is symbolized by financial satisfaction. The behaviors undertaken by the individual can be a trigger for improvement in satisfaction. Investment and ethics are mutually beneficial relationships. Investment decision-making by investors will be measured ethically. Based on that, this research focused on analysis of the influence of investment ethics on the behavior of capital market investors and its impact on capital market investors' financial satisfaction. The research showed that investment ethics affected financial satisfaction, investment ethics also affected investor behavior. Moreover, investor behavior influenced financial satisfaction. This research also indicated that investment ethics influenced financial satisfaction with investor behavior as intervening. Keyword: Ethics, Investor Behavior, ...

Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2018

Low-cost solar hydrogen production through water splitting using photo-electrochemical (PEC) cell... more Low-cost solar hydrogen production through water splitting using photo-electrochemical (PEC) cell offers a clean and renewable source of energy. However, its low performance remains a primary concern. Solar hydrogen production of TiO 2 supported copper and nickel oxides photoanod (Cu-Ni/TiO 2) was significantly influenced by photoanode fabrication and reaction parameters. To maintain the optimum operating conditions of PEC cell for practical application, we systematically investigated the effect of sintering temperature, photoanode thickness, electrolyte concentration, and applied voltage on hydrogen production over 5 mol% Cu-Ni/TiO 2 and PEC characteristics, including charge carrier transfer resistance, photocurrent density, and flat band potential. Findings reveal that the optimized sintering temperature for hydrogen production was 400 °C due to low charge transfer resistance and more excited electrons at the electrode/electrolyte interface. The photocatalyst with the four layers of printed 5 mol% Cu-Ni/TiO 2 (thickness ~ 24.8 µm) improved the photocatalytic performance, highlighting the importance of the number of excited electrons and the surface area of the photocatalyst. Furthermore, applied voltage exerted the most significant effect on hydrogen production up to 24.9 mL at the optimum level of 3.4 V by minimizing the recombination rate of electron-hole pairs. The stability of the photoanode was tested under the optimum conditions for 4 days and the maximum accumulative hydrogen of 443.4 mL was produced over this highly stable photoanode.

Volume 1: Large Bore Engines; Advanced Combustion; Emissions Control Systems; Instrumentation, Controls, and Hybrids, 2013

Computational fluid dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the combustion and emission... more Computational fluid dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel/natural gas dual-fuel engine. The computational fluid dynamics model is validated against experimental measurements of cylinder pressure, heat release rate, and exhaust emissions from a single-cylinder research engine. The model predictions of in-cylinder diesel spray distribution and location of diesel ignition sites are related to the behavior observed in measured and predicted heat release rate and emissions. Various distributions of diesel fuel inside the combustion chamber are obtained by modifying the diesel injection timing and the spray included angle. Model predictions suggest that the distribution of diesel fuel in the combustion chamber has a significant impact on the characteristics of heat release rate, explaining experimental observations. Regimes of combustion in the dual-fuel engine are identified. Turbulent flame speed calculations, premixed turbulent combustion regime diagram analysis, and high-temperature front propagation speed estimation indicated that the dual-fuel combustion in this engine was supported by successive local auto-ignition and not by turbulent flame propagation.

ijabpt.com

ABSTRACT: A systematic study has been carried out to explore the water quality index of ground wa... more ABSTRACT: A systematic study has been carried out to explore the water quality index of ground water of various locations of Gulbarga city. Ten water samples from tube wells, open wells and hand pumps at various locations were collected using standard procedural methods and ...

For many developing countries, in particular the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) tourism is cons... more For many developing countries, in particular the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) tourism is considered to be the one of the fundamental pillars of their economic development. But despite having many prospects, this industry in Bangladesh remains neglected for a long time and the share of Bangladesh in world tourism is very poor. This research mainly highlights the current position of tourism industry, its contribution to the economic development and share of Bangladesh toutism as per SAARC * comparison. The study mainly examines current growth and development of this industry and also examines some limitations and challenges of the said industry. Finally, some policy measures have been included as opined by the respondents (service providing organizations and tourists) to resolve its existing barriers as claimed by the aforesaid respondents. It is hopeful that the findings of this research may be considered by the government policy makers and private sector (investors) while formul...

Solar and Wind energy generators are quite common presently due to advances in the technology. Th... more Solar and Wind energy generators are quite common presently due to advances in the technology. This will lead to further increase in the use of photovoltaic (or PV) and Wind generators and more so that Nigeria's electricity production continues to fluctuate without appreciable increase in total output. This study was design and implementation of 2.0 kVA solar power system to solve the problem of power failure in our environment. It is a means of providing an alternative power supply in our homes and offices in case the mains fails and it environmental friendly since produces not smoke and sound. It was carefully designed with 2 solar panels that were wired in parallel and with 2 batteries rated 200AH/12V and were also connected in parallel to produce current. The inverter was 2kVA to produce 12V DC to 220V AC voltage. It can be used in any establishment and this can also be generating in large capacity and it can be into grid if it generated in large quantity.

History reiterates that philosophy is the life wire of civilization owing to the indisputable fac... more History reiterates that philosophy is the life wire of civilization owing to the indisputable fact that philosophical ideas are both effects and causes that shape human history and transform the society for good as it enquires directly into the phenomena of life, while it concerns itself with the basic questions and problems confronting man and his existence and the environment in which he lives. It avails and promotes critical and creative thinking as well as moral reasoning that equip man with the appropriate character of right conduct in relation to himself and to others in building a healthy humane human society. To the existential question then, " what can philosophy do for Africa? " , this paper indicates sexual violence as a widespread cankerworm and a significant factor that dwindle development in African society. It then seeks to exhume the causes of sexual abuse and to underpin the functional role of philosophy with regard to redemptive healing and authentic development of the nations from the point of view of healthy human sexuality grounded in Kantian ethical doctrine of sexual morality as it proves its relevance in our contemporary society. The work highlights philosophy of sexuality as it generally studies the concepts, propositions, sexual variants and the place of sexuality in human nature but focuses specifically on Kant's sexual ethics as it assumes a normative deontological position to scrutinize the morality of sexual practices within the dictates of freedom and rational will as the supreme practical grounds for valid moral conducts that promote the intrinsic worth of the moral agents. Interestingly, the deontologist's concept of rightful sexual relations which is well enunciated in his central moral idea formulated in his Groundwork of the 'Metaphysics of Morals' that ties his whole moral theory together serves as an antidote that fosters critical and creative thinking that equip individuals with good moral values of right conduct in relation to oneself and to others and consequently promote authentic and sustainable development both in the individuals and the society at large.

This study provides the analysis of the dynamic of strategic feature in South China Sea, especial... more This study provides the analysis of the dynamic of strategic feature in South China Sea, especially China's nine-dash line policy. This study extends to Indonesia's response through the geopolitical policy to protect sovereignty and marine sources in Natuna. Certain international reports, together with several official document and literatures will be gained to collect some data to give a picture of the analysis. The main findings in this analysis explain that history factor used by China finally impacts Indonesia sovereignty and marine sources in Natuna. Strategically, Indonesia responses those threats through name changing and new map to protect its interests as geopolitical step. The result of this study highlights that adaptation on the geopolitic development means the preparation to calculate the national interest, especially related to great powers rivalry.

The exposure of students by the radicalization program carried out by the radical group should be... more The exposure of students by the radicalization program carried out by the radical group should be a problem that must be considered by educational institution in Indonesia, so later educational institution also pays attention to the charge counter radicalisation in the learning process which is done in their institution. One of the most influential educational institution which in Central Sulawesi was Alkhairaat Foundation which has schools and universities in Central Sulawesi. From research conducted with qualitative methods, it is found that Alkhairaat has been instrumental in implementing counter radicalisation by doing contra-grievances, contra-ideology and contra-mobilization, generally done in the community through da'wah (recitation and social activities carried out by the autonomous organization under Alkhairaat Foundation), and in particular institutionalized of education that is under the Alkhairaat Foundation, through character education by requires the implementation of the " Alkhairataan " curriculum which made directly by Alkhairaat Foundation and it should be applied. Obstacles faced by Alkhairaat Foundation in carrying out counter radicalization especially regarding budget constraints to carrying out the activity and to build supporting facilities activities. The role of Alkhairaat institutions in conducting counter radicalisation has managed to prevent the radicalisation of its environment, by applying " Alkhairataan " local content in schools, madrasah, boarding schools and University. So that the curriculum of Alkhairataan character education can bea model of making a character education curriculum that is currently being persued by the Government to be applied nationally in any school.

This study aims to analyze the effects of marketing mix, bank image and service quality on custom... more This study aims to analyze the effects of marketing mix, bank image and service quality on customers' satisfaction and loyalty of the People Credit Bank (BPR) in South Sulawesi. This research was conducted at BPR located in the cities of Makassar and Palopo and the districts of Bone and Gowa in South Sulawesi. These four locations were chosen as the development of BPR in these areas declined in the last 5 years. The number of sample collected using proportional sampling method was 400 costumers. The statistical method to analyse the data was by using Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS software application. The study found that both marketing mix and service quality had significant positive effects on customers' satisfaction and loyalty, while the bank image had a positive but it has no direct significant effect on customers' loyalty. The bank image, however, has an indirect significant effect on loyalty through customer satisfaction. Thus, marketing mix and service quality need to be given attention by BPR to improve customers' satisfacton and their loyalty.

According to the Islamic concept all behaviours are determined by its Niyyah (intention)

The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of partial factors reference group, loca... more The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of partial factors reference group, location and price to consumer decisions in shopping, and to analyze also these factors simultaneously affect the consumer's decision in shopping in traditional markets Pinasungkulan Karombasan Manado. As a result of preliminary observations, which indicate that there are symptoms of declining sales revenue, the traders of traditional markets Pinasungkulan Karombasan Manado, in addition to the unhealthy competition with the emergence of modern markets, is also suspected due to the influence of several other factors. The method used in this research is descriptive explanatory survey method, with the application of quantitative design. Data collection techniques used to capture primary data from 50 respondents, traditional market consumers Pinasungkulan Karombasan Manado, through questionnaires and interview guides, while secondary data were collected through documentary techniques. Technical analysis of data through multiple regression statistics. The results showed that: first, the relationship between the reference groups and management decisions, showed positive and significant results with the correlation coefficient (r) of 0.327, and the coefficient of determination (r 2) of 0.107. Second, the relation between market location factor and consumer decision of shopping, in this research showed positive result significantly with correlation coefficient (r) equal to 0.366, and coefficient of determination (r 2) equal to 0134 or 13.4%. Third, the relationship between price factor and consumer decision, in this research showed positive and significant results with the correlation coefficient (r) of 0.326, and the determinant coefficient (r 2) of 0.106 or 10.6%. Fourth, the relationship of all independent variables, namely: reference groups, locations and prices partially and simultaneously have a direct influence on the dependent variable of consumer decisions, especially consumers who shop at traditional markets Pinasungkulan Karombasan Manado. The relationship between the four variables showed positive and significant results with the coefficient of determination (r 2) of 0.218 or 21.8%.

The purpose of this study was to explore whether there is a significant relationship between chai... more The purpose of this study was to explore whether there is a significant relationship between chairman's statement, as a representative of non – financial disclosures otherwise called narrative accounting, and value relevance of annual reports for listed banks in Kenya. The study used content analysis and financial analysts' perception to quantify sixty chairmen's statements included in years 2010 to 2015 annual reports of ten banks listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) over the entire period. The study adopted a survey research design. Both primary data and secondary data were used. Primary data was obtained through survey questionnaires administered on respondents who were financial analysts at a total of sixty one firms (investment banks, stock brokers, fund managers and investment advisers) who were licensees of Kenya's Capital Markets Authority (CMA) as at 30 April 2016. Secondary data was obtained from the corporate action register by NSE, NSE handbook, the daily market statistics from the NSE and annual reports released by the banks studied. Content analysis program ATLAS.ti 8, OneLook dictionary and Ms Excel 2007 were used for content analysis. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 20 and Stata 13. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis. Statistical F-test was used to test the significance of the independent variable on dependent variable. The results revealed that the chairman's statement had a positive and significant relationship with value relevance of annual reports which was measured by the annual average market price per share. This study therefore concluded that inclusion of the chairman's statement in annual reports is useful for investment decisions on the shares of listed banks. The study recommends an expanded role of the auditor in reviewing the chairman's statement and other accounting narratives. Currently in accounting reporting, auditors do not formally audit but instead review the accounting narratives to ascertain if the narratives are consistent with the financial statements. The study also recommends more guidelines and regulations in relation to non-financial disclosures.

Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2018

Volume 1: Large Bore Engines; Advanced Combustion; Emissions Control Systems; Instrumentation, Controls, and Hybrids, 2013

ijabpt.com

According to the Islamic concept all behaviours are determined by its Niyyah (intention)

Teaching of English in Libya goes back to 1940s after the end of the World War II under the Briti... more Teaching of English in Libya goes back to 1940s after the end of the World War II under the British administration in the northern part of Libya. On 19.02.1968, the Minister of Education made a decision to form a committee for revising the Libyan educational system. It aimed at making English the language of instruction of scientific courses in the secondary school and university. The first English language series used in Libya was Basic Way to English by KC Ogden. In the 1960's, a new English language programme and textbooks were needed to change and improve the whole process of teaching that foreign language in Libya. The series, written by Mustafa Gusbi, was entitled: English for Libya. For the secondary stage, Gusbi, in combination with another writer Roland John, had another series entitled Further English for Libya in which they adopted the English culture as a vehicle for teaching the English language. In the school year 1998/1999 a new series of English for Libya, published by Garnet Education was in use in both preparatory and secondary stages. After the air-raid against the Gaddafi regime led by the United States of America and the United Kingdom in mid of April 1986, and as a consequence, the Minister of Education made the decision No. 195/1986 to stop teaching foreign languages in Libya. The decision badly affected the future of education in Libya. English language teaching was resumed again in the Libyan educational system in the year 1993/1994. In 2005/2006 a new English text-book was introduced to 3rd primary class. English was taught in the 3rd class for only one year. It was stopped but introduced to 5th and 6th classes in the year 2006/2007. Historically, there was some kind of training led by the universities and with the cooperation of the UNESCO.

Student centered learning is the modern trend in most of the education institutes. Variety of met... more Student centered learning is the modern trend in most of the education institutes. Variety of methods could be useful for learning in such environment. eLearning is one of the methods that could use to acquire knowledge in self-learning environment. Using quantitative approach, a case study was conducted to assess and compare the student's knowledge, attitudes and practice regarding eLearning in a student centered learning environment. This study finds that eLearning becomes more comprehensive and suitable for self-learners with less guidance. However, there are still many problems arise because of the knowledge capabilities, the need for appropriate tools and proper guidance when dealing with eLearning resources that hinder the implementation of self-study environment reforming the traditional class room methods. The problems encountered in the field include: unawareness of technology, unfamiliarity, willingness and the attitudes over changing from traditional to modern eLearning methods and study culture (traditional methods). Some recommendations included such as the proper usage of eLearning tools, guidance over mind set changing, providing relevant and accurate basic knowledge, providing adequate education on the resource usage and introducing the latest eLearning tools to ensure quality study environment.

Block Sex Ratio (BSR) is an operational or commercial measure of the number of palms producing fr... more Block Sex Ratio (BSR) is an operational or commercial measure of the number of palms producing fruit relative to palm planting density for any given period. It is different to the oil palm sex ratio which is a biological measure that calculates the number of female inflorescences relative to the total number of inflorescences. Three blocks were assessed and compared; two younger, adjacent blocks (A and B) and one older block (C). Block A had a BSR average of 29.9 (40 bunches) calculated over four years, BSR maximum of 48 (65 bunches), and BSR minimum of 14 (19 bunches). Block B had a BSR average of 19 (26 bunches) also calculated over four years, BSR maximum of 32 (44 bunches), and BSR minimum of 13 (18 bunches). Block C had a BSR average 10.3 (14 bunches) calculated over 21 years, BSR maximum of 13.4 (18 bunches) and BSR minimum of 6.6 (9 bunches). Effectively this means that for block C on average only 14 palms per hectare out of a possible 136 palms were productive during a harvest round. The differences between blocks A/B and C are likely due to improved breeding; however their different ages, planting material and locations will be contributing factors and must be considered carefully. While increases in BSR are significant, in general they fall well short of theoretical. Maintaining a BSR48 could theoretically produce 57.29 t/ha, at least in block A. These results highlight the degree of variation within and between blocks. It is therefore important that managers, researchers and breeders are aware of, and understand palm growth and development from a commercial perspective. Increasing BSR and minimising fluctuations in yield have distinct commercial and logistical advantages.

Nigeria’s ruling elites are guilty of deliberately promoting the social fragmentation that create... more Nigeria’s ruling elites are guilty of deliberately promoting the social fragmentation that creates, feeds and reinforces religious and ethnic identities to the exclusion of civic and national identities throughout the democratization process of the country. This situation breeds mutual distrusts and tensions culminating into frequent ethnic and religious violence, which leads to the wanton destruction of lives and property and doubts over the future of democracy and even the future of the polity. This paper is a critical attempt to analyze the challenges ethnic and religious politics poses to the continuing existence of the Nigerian Nation-State and its democracy. The paper contends that ethnic and religious differences are not the problem per se, except for the manipulation of these identities by the political juggernauts and the fertile ground unemployment, poverty, injustices, inequitable distribution of resources leading to uneven development in the country. The colonial ideology of divide and rule inherited by the post-colonial state has been identified as the root cause of the problem. Thus, the paper argues that unless the challenges of ethnicity and religion are grasped and adequately addressed, it could tear Nigeria apart, serving sectarian religious and ethnic interest.

Background: smoking and physical activities are types of lifestyle habits can affect directly the... more Background: smoking and physical activities are types of lifestyle habits can affect directly the quality of life and may interfere with health states. Objective: the explanation established based on questionnaire form questions to explain the scientific methods can help in evaluating smoking habits and physical activity for adults especially in clinical and health researches. Methods: smoking habits evaluated based on Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System which established by Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), smoking classified into four groups; smoker, past smoker, passive smoker, and never smoker. Physical activity measured based on the second Global Physical Activity Questionnaire that established by World Health Organization (WHO), and it categorized into three groups; high physical active, moderate, and low. Conclusion: using of this explanation can help health researchers in all fields to evaluate the smoking habit and physical activity by standard and validated methods.

Wage is crucial for working relationship between labor and employer and also an important part in... more Wage is crucial for working relationship between labor and employer and also an important part in industrial relationship. Realization of sharia wage principle could be made as foundation in the making of positive law in wage area that contain concrete value to become legal rule and norm in the form of statues. There are general principle in labor policies in Indonesia that is integration principle, though it did not specifically reflect Moslem majority labor condition in Indonesia. This study used normative juridical with philosophical and statutes approach using discussion result with realization of sharia wage principle in legal rule in Indonesia that consist of divinity principle, justice principle, expedience principle, nation responsibility principle, punctuality principle and kinship principle. From this realization of sharia wage princple there were several substance similarity though not exactly the same with basic substance in sharia wage principle. However, if this sharia wage principle realization was developed from twelve legal rules in wage area in Indonesia, thus industrial relationship would be more harmony since it is accord with Moslem majority of labor condition in Indonesia.

This study explores the municipal solid waste management of an underdeveloped municipality named ... more This study explores the municipal solid waste management of an underdeveloped municipality named Pabna of Bangladesh. Waste generation is increasing with its population and the municipal authority is facing enormous challenges in managing the waste on this low lying piece of land highly vulnerable to seasonal flooding. Leachate contamination and greenhouse gas emission are the prominent environmental concerns. The study suggests manual organic composting as a remedy. Reduction potential of methane (CH4) emission is identified by calculation and evaluation of dumping site CH4 emission. Possible environmental, social and economic benefits including landfill area requirement reduction are also identified.

Diabetes is a group of disorders characterized by high glucose levels. The incidence of diabetes ... more Diabetes is a group of disorders characterized by high glucose levels. The incidence of diabetes is increasing rapidly with interference in electrolytes sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and chloride (Cl-). The aim of the study was to estimate the electrolytes disturbance in non insulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Total of 102 subjects were included in the study, out of which two groups were formed; 52 diabetes mellitus and 50 healthy volunteer as controls. Biochemical analysis for Na+, K+, Cl- was performed by the Biolyte 2000 automatic electrolyte analyzer. The random glucose levels were estimated by direct enzymatic method using Randox kit. Student t-test was done to find out the difference between the two paired groups and Pearson's correlation was calculated to know the correlations between electrolytes and random glucose levels. In diabetes mellitus serum Na+ and Cl- levels were observed significantly increased (p<0.001, respectively) while K+ showed no significant (p>0.05) alterations. There was no significant correlation found between random glucose levels and electrolytes in this study. The study demonstrated significant association of Na+ and Cl- with type 2 diabetes mellitus. So, electrolytes should be measured during the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

In this research, a no-reference blur evaluation method has been developed for images based on ed... more In this research, a no-reference blur evaluation method has been developed for images based on edge analysis and segmentation in spatial domain. Blur mainly smoothes the image signal which causes the reduction of edge points. This edge information of an image can be estimated using canny edge detector. The perceptual blur of any image are strongly dependent on local features, such as plane and non-plane areas. Therefore, this local feature based edge detection is evaluated in this method. Subjective experiment results are used to verify this method. The outcomes indicate that the proposed method can efficiently predict blur of images.

Aedes aegypti (Linne, 1762) is the main vector of arboviruses, namely yellow fever, dengue and Ch... more Aedes aegypti (Linne, 1762) is the main vector of arboviruses, namely yellow fever, dengue and Chikungnya. In North Sulawesi it has found variation in morphology, ecology, behavior and vector competence. Vector control is still the best way to prevent dengue fever. Understanding the morphological characteristics that become characters in the phenotypic mosquito is very important in the efforts of controlling and classification. This study aims to find morphological variation of Aedes aegypti in the city of Manado. This research applies descriptive research techniques with direct experiments in the laboratory. The morphologic character of mosquito samples from selected locations were then measured by using a stereomicroscope KH8700 completed with cameras, measurement software of morphological characters and statistical programs. The morphometry data were then analyzed with multivariate and factor analysis by using IBM SPSS 20. The results showed that of the twelve morphological characters were analyzed, it was found that Aedes spp from 4 areas in the city of Manado has undergone phenotypical characters variations (morphology), characterized by the formation of five clusters or groups based on the degree of similarity in morphometry. There are three groupings of morphological characters which are variance factor of 1: (5.941 / 12) x 100% = 49.508%, variance factor of 2: 1.798 / 12) x 100% = 14.98%, and variance 3 factors: (1,184 / 12 x 100% = 9.86%.

Indonesian population is on the poor state at this moment. Population problem in City of Makassar... more Indonesian population is on the poor state at this moment. Population problem in City of Makassar caused by Family Planning Program (Program Keluarga Berencana – KB) in post local autonomy that tend to be less effective. In that relation, this research aims to study on how far is the partial and together effect of policy implementation, leadership, Human Resources (Sumber Daya Manusia – SDM) quality) and community participation on KB Program effectiveness in City of Makassar. Research method used is explanatory method, quantitative research type with descriptive analytic, with total population of 1566, total sample of 415 and also determination coefficient and linear regression analysis method. Research result in City of Makassar shows in partially that policy implementation have effect in amount of 59,8% on KB program effectiveness, which determined from program readiness and policy concept, there’s leadership effect as of 57,3% on KB program effectiveness, there’s effect SDM quality as of 42% on KB program effectiveness, and effect of community participation as of 54,9% in KB program effectiveness, and they’re together have effect as of 67,4% on KB program effectiveness.

One of the major hot springs areas in Sri Lanka is located in Mahapelessa, Hambanthota district. ... more One of the major hot springs areas in Sri Lanka is located in Mahapelessa, Hambanthota district. This study was designed as a preliminary study of the biological and physico-chemical properties of hot water wells. Two hot springs (A and B) and one normal well (C) located within 300 m distance were selected. Water samples were collected from the surface, middle and bottom layers of the wells biweekly during August to October 2013 and the water was filtered using 30 μm mesh from the vertical column of bottom to surface for analyzing the biology. The mean temperature values were 44.1 ± 0.5 0C, 33.6 ± 1.0 0C and 27.8 ± 0.7 0C respectively in the wells of A, B and C. There was no significant difference of pH, DO and Phosphate concentrations among the two hot springs the normal well. However, salinity, nitrate and total hardness in the wells A and B were significantly different from the normal well (p<0.05, post hoc) and conductivity was significantly different among the three water sources. Several phytoplankton species (i.e. Spirogyra sp., Gloecapsa sp., Elakatothrix sp., Scenedesmus sp.) and zooplankton species (Keratella sp., Moina sp.) were identified only in the well A and they can be considered as indicator species of the water temperature above 40 0C. Also, the organisms such as Lyngbya sp., Amoeba sp., Harpacticoid and Nematodes were observed only in well B with the average temperature of 33.6 0C. Filamentous Blue green algae of Nostoc sp. was found only in the normal well may be due to its high sensitivity of water temperature. The relatively highest abundant organism of Paramecium sp. shows a significant negative correlation between the water temperature and its abundance in the three wells (r2 = 0.832).

Interest on the effects of domestic violence has increased recently. However, only a few studies ... more Interest on the effects of domestic violence has increased recently. However, only a few studies have attended to its effects on the witnesses, that is, Nigerian young people in family setting. This article examines the perceptions, experiences, and the various ways in which the occurrence of domestic violence have shaped the lives of Nigerian young people. It uses data emerging from a survey with the use of questionnaire administered to 150 in-school and out of school young people in Omu–Aran, Kwara state to examine the effects of domestic violence on them. Findings suggest that the experiences of respondents exert considerable influence on their perceptions of violence, family life and significantly shaped their decision as relates to choosing a life partner. The study concludes that domestic violence is indeed a social problem that affects Nigerian young people in the family setting. It recommends the involvement of various stakeholders including counselors, religious and community groups, government as well as other institutions to focus on propagating anti-domestic violence enlightenment programmes that discourage violence in family setting.

Twelve West African Dwarf bucks were used in the study to evaluate and compare the changes in the... more Twelve West African Dwarf bucks were used in the study to evaluate and compare the changes in the physiological parameters, stress response and indices of anaesthesia following linear infiltration of lignocaine and epidural administration of lignocaine. The animals were assigned to three groups of four animals per group. Bucks in groups A and B were administered lignocaine either by linear infiltration along the line of incision for castration, or by epidural injection respectively. The goats were castrated following the anaesthesia. Goats in group C served as the negative control for the experiment. Animals in groups A and B were administered lignocaine at the dose of 4mg/kg. The heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, blood glucose, onset of analgesia, duration of analgesia, onset of recumbency and duration of recumbency were recorded and analyzed for statistical significance. Following the induction of anaesthesia, the heart and respiratory rates were observed to be significantly (p < 0.05) lower in groups A and B than group C The blood glucose however was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in group A than in group B and C. There was no significant (p ≥ 0.05) difference in the rectal temperature among the groups. The duration of analgesia and recumbency were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in group A than in group B. There was no significant (p ≥ 0.05) difference in the onsets of analgesia and recumbency between the treatment groups. The result of this study is useful in the determination of the anaesthetic procedure to employ in goats. Where long procedures are desired, epidural anaesthesia tends to be preferred because it provides a longer analgesia than the infiltrative method. However, this method is associated with significant changes in the physiological parameters, which may pose severe risks to the patient.

In a bid to ensuring a virile emergency management practice, which would conform to global best p... more In a bid to ensuring a virile emergency management practice, which would conform to global best practices, the Federal Government of Nigeria, through the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), in 2010, came up with the National Disaster Management Framework (NDMF). The framework was designed among other reasons, to provide jurisdictional responsibilities, promote efficiency and build institutional capacity among the various stakeholders in the area of disaster management. However, since its introduction, the framework is yet to make significant progress in ensuring the provision of effective and efficient institutional capacity especially at the State and Local government levels. Using secondary data, this paper identified some of the reasons for such inadequacy. It argues that the framework lacks full backing of the law to punish non-compliance and non- conformity with its provisions. Also, it identifies poor funding and lack of awareness as other problems affecting the framework. The study concludes that the vision of Nigeria to become one of the top twenty nations of the world in no distant time, would be a mirage if relevant stakeholders do not wake up to their responsibilities and rise to the occasion to ensure the realization of a viable, dynamic, efficient and effective disaster management system. Also, the study advocates the imperative of mainstreaming disaster management education into the curriculum of secondary schools, as well as proper funding as viable strategies of overcoming these challenges.

Waste management is one of the difficult problems faced by almost all cities and districts in Ind... more Waste management is one of the difficult problems faced by almost all cities and districts in Indonesia.This problem becomes mounting at least because of the lack of policy implementation, the competence of apparatus, the lack of infrastructure availability and the lack of community empowerment. However, the study to examine the main determinant of the above four factors has not yet been available. For this reason, the study aims to determine what variables influence significantly the effectiveness of waste management, taking the city of Depok, West Java as a case study. Methods used in this study are both quantitative and qualitative using questionnaires, in-depth interview, and field observation. The number of respondents collected using questionnaires were 311. These data were then analysed statistically using multiple regression analysis. The study found that all of the independent variables such as the policy implementation, the competency of the apparatus, infrastructures, and the community empowerment have significant influence on the effectiveness of waste management in the city of Depok, West Java. However, of these four variables it was found that the community empowerment and infrastructures have been more dominant in contributing to the effectiveness of waste management. Therefore, it is a must for the policy makers in the city of Depok, West Java to give serious attention to the above four variables, especially to the provision of infrastructure and the community empowerment.

The importance of tax property has been stipulated in the government act number 12 of 1985. This ... more The importance of tax property has been stipulated in the government act number 12 of 1985. This act has been effective since 1986 as the legal basis of tax collecting with regard to the right of and /or the acquisition of benefits from the land and / or of the ownership, control and / or of the acquisition of the building. However, there has been emerging problems in regard with the implementation of the tax property. For this reason, this paper, using secondary data and primary data from interviews as well as field observation in the Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, aims at discussing conflicts regarding property tax payment obligation and suggesting some legal efforts to resolve the problems. It was found that the legal basis for calculating the increase of property tax in Jakarta is the sale value of taxed object (NJOP) which has not been adjusted in the last three years. The reason is that NJOP has been one basis for calculating property tax because this sale value affects the amount of property tax that the tax payer has to pay. The study also suggests that legal efforts that can be made when there is a tax conflict includes objection, appeal, claim and review.

In veterinary radiology, determination of cardiac features is necessary in the assessment of anim... more In veterinary radiology, determination of cardiac features is necessary in the assessment of animals with clinical signs of heart disease. In this work, thoracic radiographs of 10 clinically normal West African Dwarf Goats (WADGs) without any evidence of cardio-thoracic anomaly were examined. The aim of the research was to approximate reference values for radiographic cardiac indices of normal caprine heart image in dorsoventral, ventrodorsal and right lateral projections. The mean radiographic cardiac index was 0.64±0.01 and 0.67±0.01 in DV views and VD views respectively. In 90 per cent of the patients, the cardiac silhouette was found located between the third and sixth ribs, while in the remaining 10 per cent of the animals, the heart shadow was seen between ribs two and five. The two-thirds rule observed in dogs and cats is also applicable to the WADG. Use of radiographic cardiac indices and cardiac silhouette location in diagnosis is easy and objective in clinical practice.

Ontology alignment is a challenging problem which limits or even prevents interoperability among ... more Ontology alignment is a challenging problem which limits or even prevents interoperability among information systems. It aims to find semantic correspondences between a pair of input ontologies with a view to making them semantically interoperable. One product of ontology alignment research is Falcon Aligning Ontologies (Falcon-AO), a system that attempts to align a pair of input ontologies automatically. This paper developed and implemented an enhanced version of Falcon-AO with increased precision. The enhanced system makes use of a large lexical database, WordNet, in the alignment process. Performance of the extended Falcon-AO system was tested and validated using standard benchmark ontologies from the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative. Comparative performance analysis of the original and extended. Falcon-AO systems based on alignment precision and execution time shows the extended system to be more precise, although at a small execution time penalty.

Palm oil quality and quantity are dependent on fruit ripeness. In normal oil palm bunch developme... more Palm oil quality and quantity are dependent on fruit ripeness. In normal oil palm bunch development when the outer fruit are mature, inner fruit are still at earlier stages of development and maturation. While this variation and lack of maturation synchrony might be an acceptable evolutionary development, it is a major constraint to commercial production. Normal and abnormal bunch structures were investigated to determine their effects on yield. Substantial quantities, 38 - 81% of fruit produced did not reach maturity, and in one case 50% of fruit were not pollinated. This results in lost yield and wasted resources. By providing bunch structures conducive to equal fruit maturation, commercial yields could increase substantially, in excess of 100% in some cases. Palms with different or more open structures should be identified, assessed and the genes responsible identified. Development of bunch structures similar to those of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) and sugar palm (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr.) should be investigated as they would provide unlimited fruit developmental space and allow maturation synchrony.

The government role in trading of e-commerce will give a good impact on businesses and consumers.... more The government role in trading of e-commerce will give a good impact on businesses and consumers. Government has a role to organize and provide protection against e-commerce trading through taxation. The tax determination is necessary because it can provide legal protection in terms of trade. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the government in this regard is the tax assessment, can provide legal certainty to create consumer protection. The results of this research indicate that the tax assessment has relation with e-commerce trade.

Stormwater Management is very challenging in Malaysia due to the intense rainfall within short du... more Stormwater Management is very challenging in Malaysia due to the intense rainfall within short durations. Stormwater may contain a broad range of pollutants such as sediments, nutrients, heavy metals and oil from impervious areas which can be released directly to waterways. Bioretention is a practical option within the measures of stormwater mitigation to increase water quality and reduce peak discharge. Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) in collaboration with Universiti Sains, Malaysia (USM) has constructed bioretention systems near the parking lot of the College of Engineering, UNITEN. The system was designed as a small scale and impermeable mechanism with an aim to assess the performance of the bioretention system for stormwater quality improvement. Water quality result showed that the removal efficiency of Total Phosphorus (TP), Total Nitrogen (TN), Turbidity and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) reached more than 40%. In the preliminary monitoring, it was observed that the bioretention system was able to remove pollutants. This outcome is significant as there is no prior field study that was done of this scale in Malaysia. The findings can be used to enhance understanding on the application of bioretention system in tropical climate in improving water quality of stormwater runoff.

Activity of lipase (triacylglycerol acylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.3) was investigated in ungerminated C... more Activity of lipase (triacylglycerol acylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.3) was investigated in ungerminated Colocynthis citrullus lanatus (Egusi Melon) seeds. Titrimetric analytical method with 0.01 M NaOH using phenolphthalein as indicator was the method employed. The lipase activity was expressed as the percent free fatty acids (FFAs) liberated. The results obtained showed that ungerminated seeds of Egusi melon (Colocynthis citrullus lanatus) have lipase activity. It was observed that 1g of the enzyme preparation was enough to optimally act on 5g oil in 2.5ml hexane. The optimum conditions for lipolysis were found to be 30oC and 60 min period of incubation. This shows that Colocynthis citrullus lanatus seeds will deteriorate with storage. The egusi melon seed lipase could be exploited commercially for industrial applications.

The research aimed to assess the personality traits of performance tennis players aged 18 years a... more The research aimed to assess the personality traits of performance tennis players aged 18 years and above and investigate differences according to gender. With this aim, the research was designed as a screening model. The study group comprised 80 tennis players who competed in the 18 years and above performance tournament hosted by the Turkish Tennis Federation (TTF) in 2013 who had individual or club licenses from the Tac Sports Club, TED Sports Club, ENKA Sports Club and Istanbul Tennis Club in Istanbul. While 83.8% (n=67) of the study group had club licenses, the remaining 16.2% (n=13) had individual licenses. The average age of the study group was 19.36 years (sd=1.85). Of tennis players 51.2% were women and 48.8% (n=39) were men. The short form PERI (Personality Inventory) personality scale was used in the research. The personality inventory is comprised of 5 subscales of openness to experience, sense of responsibility, extraversion, compatibility and emotional balance.

Major oxide geochemical analysis was carried out on the Coastal Plain sediments in the Dahomey Ba... more Major oxide geochemical analysis was carried out on the Coastal Plain sediments in the Dahomey Basin, to infer their provenance, tectonic setting and source-area weathering. The depletion of highly mobile K and Ca elements is due to leaching during the formation of clay minerals during increased chemical weathering. Na is a highly mobile element that is enriched, this may be due to secondary enrichment. Si is a less mobile element and its enrichment suggests moderate chemical weathering. The immobile Fe and Ti and the less mobile Mg elements were depleted, this suggest that they may be from a common source with more felsic minerals and dearth of ferromagnesian minerals. The high Al2O3/TiO2 ratio also suggests felsic source rock. The CIA values for the samples ranged between 9 and 30%, while CIW ranged from 10-32% indicating a very low degree of weathering of the source materials, suggestive of materials from reworked clastic sediments. The PIA values ranged from -43-28%, this also indicates very low weathering with the negative values suggesting rapid deposition of pre-existing clastic sediments with little or no weathering. MIA values for the samples indicates no weathering of the source material, which is not in agreement with the other weathering indices. The Coastal Plain sediments plotted in the plagioclase zone on the A–CN–K diagram, indicating little or no weathering for some samples. The weathering trend suggests that the sediments are rich in plagioclase feldspars without alteration to smectite. The ternary plot of SiO2/Al2O3, MgO and Fe2O3 indicated that the studied samples were deposited in the non-marine and deltaic settings. This observed trend is supported by the binary plot of Fe2O3 versus MgO. Provenance discrimination diagram shows that plots appeared in three provenance fields except P4 (main igneous) indicating that they are derived from multiple environments. The tectonic setting plots shows most of the sediments appeared in the passive continental margin field and few samples in the active continental Margin and which may suggests sediments from multiple sources of igneous and gneissic origin plus reworked older clastic sediments.

The phenomenon of perceiving space is not inborn. It is created by individuals over time. This is... more The phenomenon of perceiving space is not inborn. It is created by individuals over time. This is possible via interactions between the individual and the indicators around. The person’s perception over time results in the formation of images in the conscious mind and matures into psychological attachment to the place term personalization. The writer calls this creation of boundaries individual space. Since humans react irrationally when moved away from individual space, what scale of space can architects create to solve this disposition? This paper aims to provide space therapy to ameliorate space misconceptions humans generate over time in their stay in a particular place. In order to meet the aims of this essay, a literature framework from 9-books which talks about the theory of space at different dimensions (psychological, sociological, philosophical, analytical and concretization) will be considered as it forms the core of the class presentations/discussions for the course (Spatial Exploration) with coaching of the course Instructor moderating the arguments.

In this project we consider the problem of positioning Base Station (BS) in the case of hierarchi... more In this project we consider the problem of positioning Base Station (BS) in the case of hierarchical routing protocol of Wireless Ensor Networks (WSNs) which are either cluster based or chain based or combination of both under their heterogeneous settings. We show that in general, the choice of positions has a marked influence on the data rate, the power efficiency, and the life time, stability period of the WSNs. The WSNs is assumed to be static, and each sensor uses power at some rate, which can depend on the sensor, to transmit messages to other sensors within some range. Every sensor’s messages must be routed to some BS where data can be processed. Some hierarchical routing protocols provide high stability period than other hierarchical routing protocol when BS is located at the center of the sensor field coordination. Again some hierarchical routing protocols provide comparatively higher stability period when BS is located far from the sensor fields than those hierarchical routing protocols which provide high stability period when BS is located at the center of the sensor fields. In our simulation result it is revealed that the performance of any considered routing protocols can either improve or degrade as compared with another in terms stability period depending on the location of the base station which would be either inside or outside of the sensor field.

Nhae-40 variety of Okra was evaluated in pot experiment to determined the effects of soil moistur... more Nhae-40 variety of Okra was evaluated in pot experiment to determined the effects of soil moisture content and soil fertility amendments on growth and yield of Okra plant (abelmoschus esculentum (L) moench) in Southern Guinea Savanna agro-ecological zone of Nigeria. The study was conducted at the pavilion in the orchard yard of horticultural unit, Department of agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural University of Ilorin, Kwara State of Nigeria. Seeds were sown in plastic containers at four (4) moisture levels 25, 50, 75 and 100% field capacities (Fe) which were determined gravimetrically and five(5) levels of soil fertility amendments consisting of different combinations of poultry manure and inorganic manures (N.P.K) at ratios equivalent to 0:0, 100:0, 0:100, 50:50 and 75:25. The experimental design used was 4x5 factorial design in split plot arrangements with four replications. The soil moisture content levels constituted the main plot while the soil fertility amendments constituted the sub plots. Data were collected during growth and harvest stages, and experiment the parameters used were:

In Yorùbá studies, outside the borders of what is called “standard language”, spoken and written ... more In Yorùbá studies, outside the borders of what is called “standard language”, spoken and written by the educated classes, there are other forms of expression in existence about us; for instance, there are special jargons of various trades, sports and occupations; there are also the rich vocabularies of ribaldry, of imprecation of slang and of new idioms which is the subject matter of this paper, all full of vitality and interest. New idioms consist of words, expressions and meanings that are informal and used by people who have the same interest. As a matter of fact, they straddle idioms, metaphors and euphemism and also serve as replication of the established Yoruba idioms both in form and meaning. Also in this paper, new idiom and idiomatic expressions is seen as a sociolect which shows that it is used primarily for in-group communication by the Lagos bus conductors popularly called Agbèrò. Agbèrò as used in this paper refers to the bus conductors and the NURTW Task Force members who collect union levies at the various motor parks and bus stops in Lagos State.

The realization by banks that they need to be socially responsible to secure their existence in s... more The realization by banks that they need to be socially responsible to secure their existence in society is driving them to spend lots of money in trying to reach out to the external publics while giving little consideration for internal publics. This makes the internal publics feel left. Consequently, this study sought to find out the perceptions and attitudes held by internal publics towards Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) at National Bank of Kenya and to establish the factors that contribute to the attitudes and perceptions. The study utilized the survey method on a sample of 66 middle level employees drawn from six branches of NBK within Nairobi area. Data was collected using a questionnaire. In depth interviews were conducted on senior public relations personnel at the bank . The study was informed by the functionalist theory of attitudes, the systems theory and the stakeholder theory since they were relevant in addressing attitudes and perceptions, internal publics and CSR. The findings revealed various CSR activities that NBK engages in as well as favorable and unfavourable attitudes that the internal publics hold towards CSR. Although most of the employees at NBK do not perceive CSR to be depriving them of possible salary increment, they do not willingly participate in CSR functions.

The purpose of this survey paper to highlight mobile education and mobile electronic learning usi... more The purpose of this survey paper to highlight mobile education and mobile electronic learning using tablet, PDA and Smartphone. The Methodology of the research contains previous research and latest research paper. The investigation of Mobile learning in universities and education institution has been discussed. Mobile learning provides lot of benefits to the student at the moment. Student can easily learn through mobile, Smartphone and PDA using internet connection. The objective of this research paper present analysis of the mobile learning and education.

Concern on the importance of the implementation of regulation as well as legislation has increase... more Concern on the importance of the implementation of regulation as well as legislation has increased significantly in Indonesia in recent years. Not only that, discussion on the meaning of law was also rising. This paper aims at discussing how can regulation and legislation in Indonesia were examined. Using data and information advanced in the literature and other secondary data, it was found that as a normative control, the examination can be performed by the institution itself or its maker can also be done by institutions outside the regulatory agencies. If the examinations performed by the manufacturer agencies can be called internal examination or internal controls, but if the examination is author institution outside the institution may be called external examination or external supervision. The regulatory agency that produced legislation is possible to examine its own law. The establishment of the authority of legislation attached to the legislative control of the normative examining is commonly called legislative review that its object is the law and the constitution and product Legal equivalents. However, if the establishment of regulatory authority is the executive or government regulations as a command execution laws or regulations as the implementation of the functions and duties of governance, then the normative control or examining are commonly called executive review. But if the normative control of the various regulations issued by the executive performed by institutions outside the executive in this case by the institution of judicial power, the normative control or examining are commonly referred to judicial review. These normative controls intended to prevent all forms of government activities in running the government does not get stuck on the authoritarian practice, because the trend towards authoritarian is very open.

Veterinarians attending two continuous professional education seminars (CPES) in Nigeria were ran... more Veterinarians attending two continuous professional education seminars (CPES) in Nigeria were randomly surveyed about their attitudes towards pain and its management in animals.About 90% of respondents to the survey claim that they assess animal patients for pain. The most common drugs used for pain management by respondents were glucocorticoids (80.0%) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (78.5%). However, it is not certain if these anti-inflammatory drugs are used primarily for the control of pain per-se or for other conditions thought to be responsive to them. About twenty two percent of respondents who treated against pain indicated that they used opioids, while about 18.0% of them used ketamine or xylazine in the management of pain in animals. The result of this survey clearly points to the need to sensitise veterinarians, para- veterinary personnel and the general public in Nigeria and other developing economies about the importance of pain identification and management in ill, traumatised or operated animals.

There are observed inequalities in the provision and distribution of social infrastructural facil... more There are observed inequalities in the provision and distribution of social infrastructural facilities in Ikwerre and Etche. The paper examined the availability of some social infrastructural facilities in this two local government of Rivers State. It equally examined the extent to which those facilities have promoted rural development in the State. Data were collected mainly from primary sources. A total number of 160 copies of questionnaire were administered in sixteen (16) settlements from the two (2) Local Government Areas and all were retrieved for the analysis. Research findings revealed lopsided distribution of Electricity, Potable water supply and other utilities. However, the availability of education and health facilities were largely indicated by respondents in the 16 settlements of the study areas. The paper recommended that a comprehensive strategy which will eliminate intra and inter multidimensional inequality in the study area be instituted. It also suggested that an articulated and integrated plan for social infrastructure provision indicating priority areas using acceptable criteria is needed for costs to be minimized, and that there should be a balance in the provision of social infrastructure within LGA’s.

Data mining is a process which helps in uncovering interesting data patterns in large volume of d... more Data mining is a process which helps in uncovering interesting data patterns in large volume of data. This procedure has become an ever more activity in all areas of medical science research especially in healthcare circumstances. Data mining has resulted in the innovation of useful hidden patterns from enormous databases. In this paper, a methodology is proposed for the programmed exposure and classification to evaluate the pattern on effectiveness of treatment for Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) patients. Tuberculosis is a disease caused by mycobacterium which spreads through the air and hits low immune bodies easily. Our methodology is based on clustering and classification that classifies the success rate of Tuberculosis treatment based on the two broad classifications of the drug susceptibility testing (DST) namely, sensitivity to all drugs and resistance to any one drug. Age and weight are the main influencing factors for PTB patients, Two Step Clustering(TSC) is used to group data into different clusters and assign classes based on age and weight besides, The same procedure is being compared between with and without clusters of age and weight. Subsequently multiple different classification algorithms are trained on the result set to build the final classifier model based on decision tree along with K-fold cross validation method. The best obtained treatment effectiveness was 97.9% on a specified pattern from Classification and Regression Trees (CART). The proposed approach helps clinicians in their treatment planning procedures for different categories (through decision trees) to discover relationships which are currently hidden in the data.

The paper, therefore discussed relevance and challenges in using clinical supervision for effecti... more The paper, therefore discussed relevance and challenges in using clinical supervision for effective teaching and learning in the secondary education. The purpose of this paper is to identify the relevance and challenges of clinical supervision for effective teaching and learning. The study was a descriptive survey research in which the quantitative data were collected through20 – item questionnaire. This was administered on 335 respondents made up of principals and teachers. The data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation on a modified 4 – point rating scale for the research questions and t – test statistics for the null hypotheses. Findings of the study revealed some of the relevance of clinical supervision in teaching and learning: which includes improving the teacher classroom behaviour, activities of clinical favour students learning etc. It also revealed that clinical supervision has some challenges which include problem of collaborated disagreement between the teacher and principal, lack of trained supervisor, inadequate supervisors in different areas of specialization and time constraint. Based on the findings the study recommended that post primary school management Board should make it compulsory that clinical supervision should be carried out at least once a term in all the secondary schools in Enugu State.

Cloud computing has emerged around the world, and the use of it has become popular very quickly i... more Cloud computing has emerged around the world, and the use of it has become popular very quickly in organizations. Cloud computing make available for use many advantages like accessibility of data and low cost. Security is a major issue in cloud computing environment, because customer’s stores confidential information’s with a cloud storage provider, but these providers are not trusted. Cloud security is becoming a major concern for organizations. This paper discusses the security issues, i.e. risks, attacks that arise in cloud computing. Overview state various attacks and their mitigation techniques.

Automatic retirement system is a research work that provides the automation of the manual system ... more Automatic retirement system is a research work that provides the automation of the manual system of retirement process in an academic institution. The system will automatically trigger the retirement process once the set parameters are reached. In order to accomplish the proposed system for retirement, the following methodologies were adopted: Establishment of the theoretical foundation for the research work through considerable review of different range of works in personnel management and also developing a decision support system for the proposed system.This research work would be of great benefit to universities in the sense that the study will enable the institution to know when to recruit another set of employees once the date for older employees’ retirement and their numbers are known. Also, there is a time-based reminder that gives alerts of the employees due for retirement; consequently, the employees are served reminder memo of their retirement date.

The purpose of this study was to find out the perception of parents towards their roles in charac... more The purpose of this study was to find out the perception of parents towards their roles in character development of their children in Enugu Metropolis. These children who are expected to be tomorrow’s leaders especially now that Nigeria has achieved or attained more than 50 years of age. The researchers used two hypotheses to guide the comparism development of the child by means of a T-test. There was no significant difference found between parents in their perception of their roles in the character development of the child on the basis of religion. There was significant difference in perception of parents towards their roles in the character development of their children on the basis of family structure. Based on this, the researcher recommended that counsellors should organize martial counseling for intending couples and parents. Religious and moral principles should be transmitted from generation to generation.

Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic human pathogen that causes cryptococcosis, a life-thr... more Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic human pathogen that causes cryptococcosis, a life-threatening infection that is usually manifested as menigeoencephalitis mainly in immunocompromised patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of Cryptococcus neoformans from four environmental sources; water, soil poultry droppings and pigeon guano in Jos, plateau state, Nigeria. Two hundred samples, fifty samples each of water, soil, poultry droppings and pigeon guano were collected from five different settlements in Jos. Each sample was suspended 1:10 in saline solution and then cultured in Sabouraud's dextrose agar medium including chloramphenicol. Identification of C. neoformans was performed on the basis of melanin synthesis on bird seed agar, presence of a capsule on India ink preparation, urease production on urea agar medium, and ability to grow at 37 °C. An assimilation test was also used to confirm C. neoformans. Of the 200 samples, 17(8.5%) were positive for C. neoformans. The highest frequency was observed in pigeon guano 8(16.0%) followed by soil 6(12.0%) and poultry droppings 3(6.0%) no isolate was made from water. The study showed the presence of C. neoformans in environmental sources especially in domestic birds.

This research aims to discover the meaning of accounting and accountability church tritugas which... more This research aims to discover the meaning of accounting and accountability church tritugas which not delivered in front of church. This research uses an inter-pretive paradigm with Husserl's transcen-dental phenomenology as an analytical tool. The object of this research is a pentecostal church in Denpasar, where researchers used six management personnel church organization as an informant. In the process of data collection researchers used two techniques, interviews and observation. The results showed that the meaning of Christian, spirituality, obedience, love, and example to animates accounting and accountability of church tritugas, which makes the word of God as a guide in all activities, with openness, honesty, solidarity, and the firmness of the rules for the offender in order to break the nature vanity, and bring peace to the people, as an expression of respect for the God.

Laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the efficacy of the fumigant action of gar... more Laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the efficacy of the fumigant action of garlic volatile oil on Rhyzopertha dominica (adult) in small cups (200 g) and jute sacs (100 g) to shed light on suitable fumigation period and concentration. Garlic volatile oils were tested at concentrations ranging between 0.1 and 20% v/v for short exposure (6-48 hrs) and medium exposure periods (3-15 days), however for longer exposure period (15-60 days) concentrations were between 0.001-1.0 v/v. The results of the short periods indicated that garlic volatile oils are very effective and caused significant mortalities to the test insects in cups at all concentrations tested (after waiting recoveries for seven days) compared to control. Effect was dosage related. However the insect was found to be sensitive to garlic fumigation. The test insect efficacy was tested over medium (3-15 days) and longer (15-60 days) exposure periods in sacs in the latter using much lower concentrations (0.001-1.0). The results indicated that garlic oil was able to penetrate through sacs and cause significant death to the test insect (R. dominica (adult)) compared to control. Effect was dose dependant. The performance of garlic fumigation in cups is much similar to that in sacs. Recovery cases noticed were little and negatively related to the dosage.

Malaria is a serious public health problem in the tropics. This study, investigated the mosquito ... more Malaria is a serious public health problem in the tropics. This study, investigated the mosquito repellent effect of the plant Azadirachta indica extracts of the seed kernel and fruit bark on human volunteers. Two different mosquito species were used, female anopheles and culex . It was observed that the fruit bark exhibited slight repellent activity, significant at p<0.05 for the number of bites between 0-60 minutes by culex mosquitoes. The seed kernel extract exhibited significant repellent activity, significant at p<0.01 and also the extract was more effective on the female anopheles than on the culex mosquito species.

Laboratory experiments were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of the fumigant action of garlic... more Laboratory experiments were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of the fumigant action of garlic volatile oils on the control of Tribolium castaneum (adult) in small plastic cups (200 ml) and jute sacs (100 g) as well as to shed light on suitable fumigation period and oil concentrations. Fumigation was carried out for short exposure period (12- 48 hrs) as well as over medium (3-15 days) and longer exposure period (15-60 days). Recoveries were watched upto seven days. Garlic volatile oils were tested at concentrations ranging between 0.1- 20% V/V for the short and medium periods and 0.001 – 1% V/V for the longer periods. The results of the short exposure period (6-48 hrs) indicated that garlic volatile oil was very effective and caused significant death to the test insects (T. castaneum (adult)) in cups at all concentrations (after waiting for recoveries for seven days). Effect was dose dependant. Recovery cases noticed were negatively related to the dose. Garlic oil vapours penetrated through jute sacs and caused significant mortalaties to the test insects inside the sacs at all concentrations (0.1- 20% V/V) in medium exposure period (3-15 days) as compared to control. Effect was dosage related.The efficacy was tested at much lower concentration of garlic oil (0.001 – 1%) and over longer exposure period (15 – 60 days) in sacs. Results revealed that T. castaneum (adult) was sensitivite to garlic oil vapor at all concentrations. Effects were also dose related. The performance of garlic fumigation in cups is much similar to that in sacs. Recovery cases were few and negatively related to the dose.

The level of maintenance governs the health of a building and its durability. To facilitate easy ... more The level of maintenance governs the health of a building and its durability. To facilitate easy maintenance, several components of a building should at the design stage be given careful consideration. The aim of this study is to evaluate the architectural design and show the effect it has on property management, using Kano metropolis as a case study. In attaining this, questionnaires were administered to 23 Estate surveyors and only 16 were retrieved. Interviews were also conducted amongst them. It was found out that a defective architectural design had a great challenge in property maintenance. Therefore, for a good maintenance culture and an optimum return on property, estate surveyors and valuers should be involved at the design stage for opinion and should not be left only to the hands of the architects.

Web Real time communication (webRTC) is a new standard and industry effort where real time media ... more Web Real time communication (webRTC) is a new standard and industry effort where real time media can be exchanged using web browser in a peer to peer transmission. In this survey paper reader will be able to get an idea about the features of WebRTC and will know how the users gain a communication experience with this. It helps in providing a knowledge about various security issues related to WebRTC. This survey will focus on the Voice over IP (VoIP) technology and the Web Real-Time Communications (WebRTC) protocols. It has explained specific advantages and disadvantages for the users. How WebRTC enables the servers to communicate inreliable way. Further this survey paper will enable different insights related to the topic. In today’s era, internet servers are threatened by various attacks, this paper has also highlighted some of the risks for WebRTC.

It is now of necessity that there is need for alternative materials (additives) of local means to... more It is now of necessity that there is need for alternative materials (additives) of local means to conventional ones as stabilizing agents in order to improve on cost of construction in developing countries like Nigeria. Soil samples were taken from the study area and necessary laboratory tests conducted on them in order to analyse the effects of locally available additives (i.e. Palm Kernel Shell -PKSA and Sawdust - SDA Ashes) on the geotechnical properties of the soil samples. The tests results showed that Liquid Limit (LL), Plasticity Index (PI) and Maximum Dry Density (MDD) decrease and Plastic Limit (PL) increase as the quantities of the additives increase. These showed that the additives were able to stabilized the soil to some extent. Though the effects of the additives were not so felt due to the high content of the clayey in the soils. Furthermore, the PKSA additive has more effects on the soil samples than the SDA additive. Thus, it can be deduced that the additives should not be used in stabilizing soil with extremely high content of clay and water logged area in order to get good results from the process. Moreover, there is need for further study on this research work.

The present study discusses about the monolingual and bilingual child language acquisition on the... more The present study discusses about the monolingual and bilingual child language acquisition on theoretical concern and the varied language acquisition processes which reflect in the language competence of both monolingual and bilingual child. It provides a detailed account of the different terminologies exist in literature of child language acquisition, particularizing the notion of Chomsky’s Universal Grammar (UG). It links and differentiates the study of language acquisition of monolingual children from the bilingual in light of four important criteria. Finally the papers suggest/points out as a concluding note how the study of child bilingualism could make a significant contribution in the area of language acquisition research.

Scabies is a disease that can affect diamond miners community, because of their work related to t... more Scabies is a disease that can affect diamond miners community, because of their work related to the lack of personal hygiene and unsanitary environment. Based on preliminary observations, there are cases of scabies in the diamond miners community of Cempaka District, which is likely due to job factors, personal hygiene and the unsanitary environment. The aims research is to determine the relation of knowledge, environmental sanitation and personal hygiene with disease incidence of scabies in the diamond miners community of Cempaka District Banjarbaru South Kalimantan. This research method is analytical observation with cross sectional design. The subjects were diamond miners numbered 100. Chi-square test results shows correlation between knowledge, personal hygiene and environmental sanitation with scabies with p value (0,000;0,000;0,000) < 0,05. Based on the results of this research are expected miners community can improve personal hygiene by cutting the nails once a week, take a bath twice a day, change clothes when they are sweating, not alternately wearing a towel with family, drying clothes, towels and bed spray the sun and keeping the environment cleaning.

This study evaluates changes in the acceptable concentrations of some analyzed soil parameters du... more This study evaluates changes in the acceptable concentrations of some analyzed soil parameters due to oil spillage in Akinima, Rivers State, Nigeria. Twenty contaminated soil samples were collected from a spill site and four control soil samples from uncontaminated area within the community. The samples were analyzed in the laboratory for total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), heavy metals and hydrogen ion concentrations. The results of the heavy metals analysis on samples from the contaminated site were compared to the Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR) Target Value and the control value from uncontaminated sites and it was found showed that Zinc (with Target value of 140 mg/kg) ranged from 4.392 to 235.985 mg/kg with a mean value of 51.49615 mg/kg, Cadmium (Target value of 0.8 mg/kg) ranged from 5.2 to 9.35 mg/kg with a mean value of 7.031mg/kg, Chromium (Target value of 100 mg/kg) ranged from 1.02 to 13 mg/kg with a mean value of 7.6635mg/kg and Lead (Target value of 85 mg/kg) ranged from 12.97 to 109.2 mg/kg with a mean value of 7.6635mg/kg while the heavy metals analyzed from the control soil samples ranged in values from <0.001 to 0.05 mg/kg for Zinc, <0.001 mg/kg for Cadmium, <0.001 mg/kg for Chromium, and Lead ranged from below detectable limit (bdl) to <0.001 mg/kg. For the contaminated soil, the TPH (Target value of 85 mg/kg) ranged from 330.427 to 4365.667mg/kg and pH ranged from 4.8 to 6.97 respectively, while the control samples had TPH below detectable limits while pH values were 6.82-6.99. The heavy metals and TPH values from the contaminated soil were higher than the control values from the uncontaminated soil. The TPH values from the contaminated soil also exceeded the Target value while the mean pH value was within the acidic range. The parameters analyzed could be toxic when found above certain levels in soil and could be transported to groundwater even at greater depth and wider area into streams and other water bodies. It is recommended that

This paper aims at studying the vertical concentrations of heavy metals and rare earth elements (... more This paper aims at studying the vertical concentrations of heavy metals and rare earth elements ( REE ) on the upper (0-5 cm) and lower parts (5-10 cm) of soil from Ode Aye area with a view to determining their contamination /pollution potentials. The XRF analysed data indicated that all the samples showed a higher Zn concentration than the background in both the upper part of the soil,( 0-5 cm) as well as in the lower part (5-10 cm), for the large parts of the areas studied. The average concentrations of Cr, (44.53), Co ( 145.10 ), Mo ( 1.35 ), and Zn ( 44.35 ) at 5-10 Cm depth are higher than those at 0-5 Cm depth with Cr (42.60), Co ( 61.50 ), Mo ( 1.09 ) and Zn ( 23.20 ) respectively. The concentrations and the averages of the REEs follow the same vertical increase downwards. Pollution by these metals is examined using the enrichment factor,( EF), contamination factor, (CF), geoaccumulation index, and pollution load index (PLI) respectively. EF data show that Rb, Sr, Zr, Ba, and Pb are less than unity and are therefore naturally derived from no other source than bitumen. The EF of Cr, Co and Nb at locations OD1 and OD3 are slightly above unity, implying that they are minimally enriched while Zn is moderately enriched in the soil. The low to moderate values of EF (0.26-11.08) of the soil shows a minimal impact of anthropogenic origin of the elements. The CF values for Ni, Rb, Zr, and Pb are less than unity and consequently show low contamination. Zn shows considerable contamination while Co is considered to display very high contamination of the soil because the CF values are > 6.The results of PLI indicate that sample locations OA1, OA3, OA5, OA6 and 0A7 are not polluted because they fall within the range of 0.5 ≤ PLI < 1 class, while sample location OA2 has its PLI values > 1 and therefore indicates deterioration of the soil. Elements Cr and Pb found to fall within the uncontaminated class of 0< Igeo≤1 are usually toxic. Co falls within the high value

This research study was conducted for designing a new plug in software (DemCAD), which will gener... more This research study was conducted for designing a new plug in software (DemCAD), which will generate DEMs using grid format Data such as Engineering Survey Data. This study was mainly focused on generating two Digital Elevation Models, those are Contour Model and Mesh Model, in that contour model gives 90% accurate result and Mesh Model gives almost perfect accurate result when comparing with Civil 3D and Matlab Software. DemCAD software contains set of programs which will allow user to input grid data, after it will perform a data analysis then finally it will output a script file automatically. Then user has to run this script file in AutoCAD 2D/3D Environment. This script contains set of commands which will be recorded in particular sequence and pattern, also to get complete DEM in AutoCAD Script file have to run on AutoCAD without interrupting.

Smartphones commonly available on the market are less secured and the networks we have been using... more Smartphones commonly available on the market are less secured and the networks we have been using for data transmission are vulnerable. This paper presents survey on Ultraprivate Smartphones and Silent circle Network (SCN) both meant to more secured means and medium of communication. Considering the importance of security features in mobile phone technologies this paper will focus on different secured features of Ultraprivate Smartphones and their platforms. It will also illustrate network and protocol architecture and give brief comparison with existing mobile platforms. Security issues and vulnerabilities are also discussed followed by proposed solutions to eliminate those threats.

Improvement in mobile data communication platforms and growing number of data services have motiv... more Improvement in mobile data communication platforms and growing number of data services have motivated 3GPP to evolve current mobile architecture to 4G establishment. To support vast data services, LTE technology was evolved as IP based system which also brings some security threats to the existing network. This paper contributes towards evaluation of security features in LTE network technology. First section presents network security architecture overview; followed by security mechanisms in network handover process. Different security threats and their solutions have been analysed to find out future research development scope in this area.

This paper has been developed as an empirical piece of work referring to the practices of employe... more This paper has been developed as an empirical piece of work referring to the practices of employer branding in India. It has focused on IT sector as the scope of the case reviews and researchers used literature based approach to connect theory into practice. Descriptive statistical tools were used to discuss the responses of employees towards the employer branding practices. It has selected three companies in the IT sector those who have applied employer branding practices as to gain strategic outcome through people value creation. . Both primary and secondary data were used for this case review study. Key findings have been presented in the paper as to contribute for the practice. Study revealed that learning opportunities, challenging working environment flowed by pay structures could facilitate to build string employer brand perception.

The area of study covered Orlu and adjoining areas in the Southeastern Nigeria and bounded by lat... more The area of study covered Orlu and adjoining areas in the Southeastern Nigeria and bounded by latitudes 50 30´ N - 60 00´ N and longitudes 60 45´ E -70 15´ E. The aim of the study bordered majorly on groundwater accessibility in the area using remote sensing technique. The data generated were processed digitally using GIS softwares. The result shows that the lineament density is high around Opor, Osu, Orlu, Ihiala, Ekwulu and Uli which implies high groundwater potentials. This is because groundwater occurs within joints and fractures in rocks. It was also observed that the drainage in the area of study is structurally controlled and mostly influence both the groundwater and surface water flow directions. The major structural trends in the area are in the NE-SW and NNE-SSW directions.

The significant intervention of the government of the judicial power under the era of Soekarno an... more The significant intervention of the government of the judicial power under the era of Soekarno and in the era of Soeharto has raised questions in the process toward the recent democratic government. Many scholars argue that previous interventions were considered important in stabilizing the state from political unrest, while others argue that such interventions cannot be tolerated anymore in the reform era now. This paper, using views and notes advanced in literatures discussed the crisis of judicial independence in Indonesia under Soeharto era. The study argued inter alia that the independence of the judicial authority in the present democratic political system should be considered as the principle of the equality before law for every citizen. The judicial process should also be independent as mandated in the 1945 Constitution and protect human rights regardless of race, gender, cultural background, economic and political conditions and the principle of legal certainty.

This study aimed to get the symptoms, complications, clinical summaries, mortality and morbidity ... more This study aimed to get the symptoms, complications, clinical summaries, mortality and morbidity in the mother and fetus (neonates) with AFLP in Hasan Sadikin hospital Indonesia. The study design in the form of a descriptive study on 7 AFLP cases are diagnosed and treated period 2010-2013. There were a total of 10 patients who carried the diagnose of AFLP,but only 7 patients who continued treatment and management further. Based on the medical record of patients with AFLP obtained clinical features, laboratories results, inspection, as well as maternal and fetal prognosis. Laboratories examination showed hyperbilirubinemia, increased liver enzymes, and all patients were negative for hepatitis examination. The main symptoms are gastrointestinal disorders include nausea, vomiting, and jaundice. While the majority of complications that arise include acute kidney injury, Disseminated intravascular coagulation and metabolic acidosis. Maternal mortality is very high (85.7%), only one case both of mother and baby can survive and be able to hospital discharge with permission.

The education system can become in a better form if supported by qualified educators who have eff... more The education system can become in a better form if supported by qualified educators who have effective behavior. This is simply because this condition will facilitate educational institution in achieving its objectives. This study aims to examine and analyze the effects of leadership style, organizational climate and environmental aspects of the organization's commitment on the lecturers’ performance in Kopertis III (The Educational Institution of Private University) in Jakarta, Indonesia. The unit of analysis in this study are lecturers who have attained the certificate of educators and the professional allowance. This research was conducted at the private university in Jakarta. Data collection method used in this research is the study of literature, documentation, interviews, and questionnaires. The study population include lecturers of civil servants employed (DPK) and lecturer in private universities in Jakarta and has attained certificates of educators and professional allowances. The number of samples in this study was 200 people. The instruments used in data collection was a questionnaire. Measurement scale used is Likert scale with five components. Analysis tools used in testing the hypothesis is using SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) with the help of AMOS program. The results showed inter alia that the style of leadership, organizational climate and environmental aspects have positive effect on organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Organizational climate and environmental aspects were also found to have positive effect on the performance of lecturers. Organizational commitment and job satisfaction have positive influence on the performance of lecturers. On the other hand, the style of leadership does not have a significant effect on the performance of lecturers. These results indicate that the direct connection of eleven lines, there is a path that has no effect and H3-a hypothesis be rejected.

This study aims to analyze and determine the effect of work stress and compensation on employees’... more This study aims to analyze and determine the effect of work stress and compensation on employees’ performance through motivation and job satisfaction in Life Insurance Companies in Indonesia. The data was collected using a purposive sampling of the population. The number of respondents sampled were 260 respondents out of 928 employees who work in 10 private life insurance companies in Jakarta, Indonesia. The data was collected using questionnaires. This data were then estimated using statistical analysis so called Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the help of AMOS program. The study found inter alia that job stress has a significant negative effect on employee performance, while compensation has a significant positive effect on employee performance. However, using SEM analysis it was found that only compensation has significant positive effect on employee performance through motivation and job satisfaction. This suggests that to increase the work performance of the life insurance companies in Jakarta, it is a must for the company to give a greater attention on the compensation.

This study aimed to identify the presence of street children in Makassar, prevention policy, impl... more This study aimed to identify the presence of street children in Makassar, prevention policy, implementation policy, identify factors supporting and inhibiting models handling policies and find alternative countermeasures to reach results that are more effective and efficient. This study used a qualitative descriptive case study models. From the analysis of the results, the idea that the implementation of policy models prevention of street children in Makassar is using several stages of implementation. In the implementation used four models approach namely: (1) the model based approach to social institutions or institutional based services, (2) , the model based approach to a family or family based services, (3) the model -based approach society or community based services, and (4) models semi based approach social institution or half -way house services.

This study looks at GeoGebra as a type of technology and assesses teachers’ perspective towards t... more This study looks at GeoGebra as a type of technology and assesses teachers’ perspective towards training and use of GeoGebra as a tool to enhance learning of mathematics. This paper is reporting the findings of a larger study that was conducted in Kajiado County in Kenya (Africa) on GeoGebra use in teaching Secondary School Mathematics. The study sought to relate teachers’ perceptions towards uptake of technology and the actual uptake of technology as indicated by the Diffusion Innovation Model. The findings after training sessions with the mathematics teachers showed that the mathematics teachers were willing to use GeoGebra in their classes. The teachers said that among all topics, they felt that Geometry was the most complicated to teach and that GeoGebra was a welcome solution to this problem. Teachers’ responses indicated that GeoGebra is useful for teaching and learning Mathematics and that it would help learners grasp concepts in Geometry.

This paper presents dc ac and ac ac converter circuits including series and parallel switch capac... more This paper presents dc ac and ac ac converter circuits including series and parallel switch capacitors topologies for electrical power factor correction equipment. Two parallel and series connection are made and tested to know the best method of connection to achieve an improved electrical power factor for eight loads. The output of the Centre-tap-transformer is connected to the input of the power factor correction (PFC) equipment measuring circuit after dc-ac or ac-ac selecting Electromagnetic Relay 1. A Single-Throw-Single-Pole switch is connected across the circuit so as to switch between the parallel and series topologies; while the output of this section is connected to the socket where loads are applied for measurement. The values obtained from each load applied are analyzed using calculations, tables, and graphs in order to ensure accurate results. The analyzed results obtained from the two different circuit arrangement are compared so as to know the best circuit arrangement to achieve an improved power factor.

Fixed capacitive low power factor correction measurements was done to calculate percentage wasted... more Fixed capacitive low power factor correction measurements was done to calculate percentage wasted power. The output of the nine operational amplifier voltage comparator controlled stabilizer was connected to a fixed CBB61; 450V 2uF AC run capacitor unto which each load was connected and computation of apparent power, power factor and percentage wasted power were made. It was found that very high percentage of required real power was wasted when power factor was uncorrected in electrical appliances studied. 52% of power was wasted in three laptops combination that reduced to 8.6% after CPF compare to 36.5% when 3 loads comprising of a laptop, printer and electric fan was used that was reduced to 3.3%. Minimum power was wasted in Philips Elance 3100, Electric iron with 32.3% when the power factor was uncorrected and 3.2% when power factor was corrected.

Prevalence of several diseases is one of the most economically important thing for maintain a goo... more Prevalence of several diseases is one of the most economically important thing for maintain a good treatment schedule of an area. This study detects the prevalence of several diseases and to evaluate the disease condition of cattle population in the selected area. Records of 306 clinical cases of cattle (120 dairy cows, 89 bulls and 97 calves) treated at the Chandanaish Upazila Veterinary Hospital during month December 2008 to February 2009 were analyzed to assess the importance of existing diseases. The recorded clinical cases were classified into seven major diagnostic groups, of which highest prevalence was recorded with Digestive disorders ( 47.05% ), followed by Parasitic infection ( 26.79% ), Infectious diseases( 7.84%),Respiratory disorder( 6.2% ),Surgical affection ( 5.22% ), Metabolic disorder ( 4.24% ), Ectoparasitic infection ( 1.96% ) and others( 0.65% ). The percentage of occurrence of major diagnostic groups of diseases constituted Infectious diseases ( cows 41.66% ,bulls 33.33%& calves 25% ), Parasitic diseases ( cows 37.80%,bulls19.5% & calves 42.68% ),'Digestive disorders(cows41.66%,bulls35.41% & calves 22.91% ), Respiratory disorders ( cows 21.05%,bulls26.31% & calves 52.63% ), Ectoparasitic infection ( cows 16.66%,bulls 33.33% & calves 50% ), Metabolic diseases(cows46.15%,bulls 38.46% & calves 15.38% ) and Surgical affection ( cows 50%,bulls 12.5% & calves 37.5% ). Though the each of all the diagnostic groups of diseases is significant but the digestive disorder, parasitic and infectious diseases were the most pressing constraint for improvement of cattle in the Chandanaish Upzila.

Inter-governmental fiscal relations and its effect on local government in Nigeria has remained a ... more Inter-governmental fiscal relations and its effect on local government in Nigeria has remained a worrisome issue. It is an issue that deals with the governmental arrangement as well as the finance to sustain the polity. The paper therefore examines the nature of inter-governmental fiscal relations and local government in Nigeria. The focus on inter-governmental relations is necessitated by the fact that revenue allocation is an integral aspect of inter-governmental relations in all federation. It is a conflict generating issue, the management of which is very crucial to the survival and growth of local government in Nigeria. The paper argues that there is need for local government financial autonomy for it to perform effectively, and for it to maintain its status as a third tier of government in Nigeria. It concludes that there is an urgent need to address revenue allocations and tax jurisdictions of the local governments in Nigeria to make it a formidable tool for service delivery at the grass root levels.

The purposes of this study are: (1) to analyze the effect of budgetary participation, budget goal... more The purposes of this study are: (1) to analyze the effect of budgetary participation, budget goal clarity, decentralized structure, and public accountability on the performance of Gowa’s SKPD in a partial way; (2) to analyze the effect of budgetary participation, budget goal clarity, decentralized structure, and public accountability on the performance of Gowa’s SKPD in a simultaneous way; and (3) to investigate dominant variable that has positive effect on the performance of Gowa’s SKPD. The population of this study was all structural echelon II, III, and IV at Gowa local government. There were 255 respondents chosen as the sample. This sample was selected by using stratified random sampling method. The result of this study shows that: (1) partially, budgetary participation, budget goal clarity, decentralized structure, and public accountability had positive effect on the performance of Gowa’s SKPD; (2) simultaneously, budgetary participation, budget goal clarity, decentralized structure, and public accountability had positive effect on the performance of Gowa’s SKPD; and (3) budgetary participation became the most dominant variable that had positive effect on the performance of Gowa’s SKPD.

This aims of research are to explain the mechanism of formation of new autonomous regions or expa... more This aims of research are to explain the mechanism of formation of new autonomous regions or expansion area in accordance with the applicable procedures. It is no less important the readiness of local concerns, mainly related to the financing aspects, human resources and credibility in managing the bureaucracy of clean and better government. The other thing is to strengthen the capacity of the public to control the performance of the executive and legislative which are representative of people who tend to exploit the masses, so that the spirit of regional expansion which is in essence to improve public services and the welfare of the people and does not cause social conflict and realized wiser and more prudent. Behind the expansion to improve people's welfare and shorten the bureaucracy on behalf of other interests, regional growth will be accompanied in turn by the conversion of land. It happens in North Mamuju Regency post- expansion local communities. The expansion also triggered social conflicts on local community and those are community groups or individuals who have not understood the politics then dive into practical politics. The results of research and data analysis showed that the impact of regional growth is not only limited to political. Moreover, the demographic problem is about unclear boundary, less socialization on the boundaries of protected forest areas.

This study is aimed to investigate the organization relation on the implementation of family plan... more This study is aimed to investigate the organization relation on the implementation of family planning program in Indonesia; street-level bureaucracy behavior in the implementation of family program in Indonesia; target group behavior in the implementation of family planning program in Indonesia; and institutional model in the implementation of family planning program in Indonesia. This study used qualitative method. To gain the data needed, the respondents were purposively chosen. Regarding the data collection techniques, observation and in-depth interview was employed. The data was then reduced, presented, and verified.

Green Information Technology is one of the emerging area of research that draws attention of both... more Green Information Technology is one of the emerging area of research that draws attention of both general public and business. It arises the awareness of conserving the environment for the future generations. Green IT concept evolves from preserving trees, reducing paper usage, recycling IT equipment and implementing power saving mechanisms to IT friendly business culture. Thus, it is important to study the current level of Green IT managerial capabilities of organizations before proposing any Green IT initiatives.

Impeachment Regional Head, in the case of impeachment regional heads to dialakukan two mechanisms... more Impeachment Regional Head, in the case of impeachment regional heads to dialakukan two mechanisms, namely, the First Regional Head dismissed the proposals or decisions of Parliament and approved by the President, the Second, dismissal of the Head of Region by the President without any proposal or decision of Parliament, If the Regional Head expected has done a fraud then, the investigation must be held with the approval of the President. Dismissal of Regional Heads can be implemented only based on laws and regulations imposed without interest. Dismissal on the proposal of Parliament in the event of a crisis of confidence then use the right of Parliament to respond to the questionnaire, the use of the right of inquiry after approval by the plenary session of 2/3 of the members present, Based on the Council decision, the President dismiss the Regional Head and Deputy Regional Head over Parliament's proposal, that the Regional Head and Deputy Regional Head dismissed by the President, for committing treason and / other actions that could divide Rnepublik Unitary State of Indonesia represented by the verdict "a court that has obtained permanent legal force.

This paper investigates the causal relationship between Anopheles Gambiae and Anopheles Funestus ... more This paper investigates the causal relationship between Anopheles Gambiae and Anopheles Funestus species of mosquito population and weather parameters such as mean temperature, mean rainfall and mean relative humidity in Makurdi, the metropolitan city of Benue State in Nigeria. The study uses monthly data obtain for the period February, 2014 to July, 2015 on the study variables. Simple correlation and linear regression analyses are employed to determine the degree and direction as well as the effect and short run relationship among the study variables. Johansen co-integration test is employed to investigate the long-run dynamics while Granger causality analysis is then applied to examine the causal relationship between Anopheles mosquitoes’ population and weather parameters. The correlation result shows that Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus have strong negative and significant relationship with mean temperature. Whereas a positive and significant correlation exists between Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus with mean rainfall and mean relative humidity. The regression result reveals that mean monthly temperature is negatively and statistically significantly related with Anopheles mosquito population in the study area. While mean rainfall and mean relative humidity are positively and statistically significantly related with Anopheles mosquito population. Johansen cointegration test results show the existence of long-run relationship among the variables under study. The Granger causality analysis result indicates that Anopheles mosquito species population is Granger caused by mean rainfall, mean temperature and mean relative humidity and that mean rainfall Granger causes mean temperature and mean relative humidity which favoured the increasing number of Anopheles mosquito population in the study area. The study recommends strong preventive and control measures against malaria in the study area.

The objective of this research is to examine the role of managerial ability and monitoring struct... more The objective of this research is to examine the role of managerial ability and monitoring structures as a mechanism to improve the earnings quality and the value of the firms listed in Indonesia’s Stock Exchange locally called Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). The sample used in this study was particularly all non-financial companies listed in Indonesia’s Stock Exchange. The sample was selected by purposive random sampling method. The number of sample collected was 178 companies. By using path analysis method, the results show that the managerial ability has positive and significant effect on the earnings quality and the value of the firm. Secondly, foreign ownership has no effect on the earnings quality, but it has a negative and significant effect on the value of the firm. Thirdly, the independent audit committee has a negative and significant effect on the earnings quality, but it has no effect on the value of the firm. Fourthly, the audit quality has a positive and significant effect on the earnings quality and the value of the firm. Fithly, the earnings quality has no effect on the value of the firm. In addition, by using Sobel test, it was found that there was no mediating effects from the earnings quality in mediating the managerial ability and monitoring structures.

This study aims to discuss and analyze the effects of the leadership, competency, work discipline... more This study aims to discuss and analyze the effects of the leadership, competency, work discipline on the application of Total Quality Management (TQM) and employees’ performance for the accreditation status achievement of the Government owned hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. The method used to collect the data is by using questionnaires given to 240 employees of the government owned hospitals in Jakarta as sample respondents. The data was then analyzed using Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results showed that the competency and work discipline of the employees have significant effects on the application of TQM. Also, it was found that the leadership, competency and work discipline have significant effects on the employees’ performance. The application of TQM has significant effect on the performance of the employees, while leadership has no significant effect on TQM. Therefore, it is a must for the hospitals under this study to give serious attention at least to the important of competency and discipline of employees toward the application of TQM and the employees’ performance. Whilst the leadership plays significant role in affecting the employees’ performance of the government owned hospitals under survey.

The research aim to know and analysis: 1) the service quality affect toward satisfaction by publi... more The research aim to know and analysis: 1) the service quality affect toward satisfaction by public, 2) service quality affect toward satisfaction by public through service value, 3) the trust affect toward satisfaction by public, 4) the trust affect toward satisfaction by public through service value, 5) the image affect toward satisfaction by public, 6) the image affect toward satisfaction by public through service value, and 7) the service value affect toward satisfaction by public. The research approach using of quantitative. Sample of research as amount 385 respondents (Slovin formulation). The method of data analysis using of Structural Equation Model with AMOS program.