Effects of homocysteine lowering with B vitamins on cognitive aging: meta-analysis of 11 trials with cognitive data on 22,000 individuals (original) (raw)

“…115 Low-fat dairy products may benefit neurocognitive health, 127 while protein and energy supplementation in malnourished people recovering from illness appears to reduce complications and hospital readmissions and increase grip strength. 128 Supplements not supported by the literature included multivitamins, 129,130 B vitamins, [131][132][133] omega-3 fatty acids [134][135][136][137] or supplementing older people without malnutrition with amino acids or protein. 138 High doses of betacarotene, vitamin E and vitamin A are likely to be harmful and should be avoided in older adults.…”

Section: Nutritionmentioning

“…Large trials of FA supplementation with doses up to 10 times higher than the average intake confirms that such a policy is safe [18,56,67,68]. Reports on increased colon cancer risk that appeared in 1996 almost simultaneously with the approval of food fortification by the FDA [69] were not confirmed later [70] or even by controlled trials using FA supplementation [68,[71][72][73].…”

Section: Folate Aging and Populationattributable Risk Of Diseasesmentioning

“…In the Framingham Offspring cohort, higher intakes of dietary choline and betaine were related to lower tHcy concentrations (independent of other factors, including folate and other B vitamins) and better verbal and visual memory (62,63). Similarly, older adults (70-74 years of age) with high plasma concentrations of free choline (versus low) exhibited significantly better performance on cognitive tests ranging from motor and perceptual speed to executive function and global cognition (64). A study of Australian women of childbearing age showed that only 16% met the adequate intake (AI) recommendation for choline.…”

Section: Choline and Betainementioning