Mobile DNA elements in the generation of diversity and complexity in the brain (original) (raw)

“…AK027497) was indeed identified in human neuronal precursor cells, and both Mili and PL2L60 proteins were found to be expressed in the stem cell compartment of testes and in cancer stem cells (45,46). Finally, transposition has both beneficial and deleterious effects on human health (47). As opposed to its proposed role in homeostatic mechanism to environmental stress and adaptive behavior (48), increased LINE1 copy number has been found to be associated with Rett syndrome and schizophrenia (5,49).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

“…AK027497) was indeed identified in human neuronal precursor cells, and both Mili and PL2L60 proteins were found to be expressed in the stem cell compartment of testes and in cancer stem cells (45,46). Finally, transposition has both beneficial and deleterious effects on human health (47). As opposed to its proposed role in homeostatic mechanism to environmental stress and adaptive behavior (48), increased LINE1 copy number has been found to be associated with Rett syndrome and schizophrenia (5,49).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

“…It is thus interesting to note that remarkably elevated levels of TE activity have been recorded in the brain (Erwin et al, 2014), that a higher range of KRAB-ZFPs is expressed in the brain than in most other adult human tissues , and that KRABZFPs disproportionately contribute to differences between the brain gene networks of chimpanzees and humans (Nowick et al, 2009). These observations suggest that the endovirome and its KRAB-ZFP controllers could have played an important role in the expansion of higher brain functions that were key to the emergence of modern humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

“…30). In the genome of somatic cells, retrotranspositions are more frequent in neural precursors and neurons compared with other neural cell types (31)(32)(33).…”

Section: R E V I E W S E R I E S : E X T R a C E L L U L A R V E S I mentioning