Improved Calibration of the Human Mitochondrial Clock Using Ancient Genomes (original) (raw)

“…No haplogroup B sequences were found in this pre-Hispanic group. One additional sequence was classified as haplogroup C based on the presence of a T>C transition at position 16325 (T16325C); six were classified as haplogroup C1 based on the presence of haplogroup C and a C>T transition at position 16327 (C16327T); and six sequences were classified as haplogroup C1b14 based on the presence of transitions detected in haplogroup C1 and a G>A transition at position 16181 (G16181A) (Gómez-Carballa et al 2015;Kumar et al 2011;Rieux et al 2014). Finally, two sequences corresponded to haplogroup D based on the absence of polymorphisms diagnostic of other haplogroups and of the transitions C>T (C16223T) and T>C (T16362C), as proposed by Torroni et al (1993) to classify HVS-I haplogroups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

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“…No haplogroup B sequences were found in this pre-Hispanic group. One additional sequence was classified as haplogroup C based on the presence of a T>C transition at position 16325 (T16325C); six were classified as haplogroup C1 based on the presence of haplogroup C and a C>T transition at position 16327 (C16327T); and six sequences were classified as haplogroup C1b14 based on the presence of transitions detected in haplogroup C1 and a G>A transition at position 16181 (G16181A) (Gómez-Carballa et al 2015;Kumar et al 2011;Rieux et al 2014). Finally, two sequences corresponded to haplogroup D based on the absence of polymorphisms diagnostic of other haplogroups and of the transitions C>T (C16223T) and T>C (T16362C), as proposed by Torroni et al (1993) to classify HVS-I haplogroups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

“…Specifically, this haplogroup was observed in three contemporary individuals: two Mexican Americans and one Zapotec (Gómez-Carballa et al 2015;Kumar et al 2011;Rieux et al 2014). Decrease of this haplogroup in the contemporary population may be due to the reduction of the populations during the Spanish conquest.…”

Section: C1b14 (Figures 1 4 5;mentioning

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“…43 This high ability to change could modify the ancient haplotype with new polymorphisms or through back mutation of the previous ones, doing improbable to find an exact match between ancient and modern lineages. According to the mutation rate of regions HVS-I and HVS-II calculated by Rieux et al, 44 which is calibrated with aDNA samples, the time elapsed would suppose the appearance of up to 1.7 mutations on the lineages of Santimamiñe until today.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Historymentioning

“…One way to fill in the missing information is to compare human body composition with the body composition of our closest living relatives, members of the genus Pan (20,21). Few such comparative data are available on apes (but cf.…”

Section: Homo Sapiensmentioning