Mohammed Al-Watary | Sichuan University (original) (raw)

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Papers by Mohammed Al-Watary

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of Different Hybrid Rigid Internal Fixation Techniques on the Postoperative Stability Following a Mandibular Advancement Using a Bilateral Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy: A Retrospective Three-Dimensional Comparative Study

Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Research paper thumbnail of Three-dimensional condylar displacement and remodelling following correction of asymmetric mandibular prognathism with maxillary canting

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jun 1, 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the three-dimensional condylar displacement and long-ter... more The aim of this study was to investigate the three-dimensional condylar displacement and long-term remodelling following the correction of asymmetric mandibular prognathism with maxillary canting. Thirty consecutive patients (60 condyles) with asymmetric mandibular prognathism >4 mm and occlusal canting >3 mm, treated by Le Fort I osteotomy and bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy, were included. Spiral computed tomography scans obtained at different periods during long-term follow-up (mean 17 ± 7.2 months) were gathered and processed using ITK-SNAP and 3D Slicer. The condyles were subjected to translational and rotational displacements immediately after the surgery (T2), which had not fully returned to the original preoperative positions at the last follow-up (T3). Condylar remodelling was observed at the last follow-up (T3), with the shorter side condyles subjected to higher surface resorption and overall condylar volume loss. The overall condylar volume on the shorter side was significantly reduced compared to the volume on the elongated side (-11.9 ± 90.6 vs -131.7 ± 138.2 mm3; P = 0.001). About 73%, 87%, 53%, and 54% of the shorter side condyles experienced resorption on the posterior, superior, medial, and lateral surfaces, respectively; in contrast, only 50% of the elongated side condyles showed resorption on the superior surface. Higher preoperative asymmetry was significantly correlated with increased postoperative condylar displacement (P < 0.05). The vertical asymmetry and the vector of condylar displacement were associated with the resultant remodelling process. It is concluded that condylar resorption of the shorter side condyle, which may affect the long-term surgical stability, has to be considered.

Research paper thumbnail of Morphological Changes of the Mandibular Angle After Orthognathic Surgery with Class III Deformity in East Asia

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery

Research paper thumbnail of Condylar positional changes and remodeling following bimaxillary anterior segment osteotomy with and without Le Fort I osteotomy: a three-dimensional comparative analysis

Clinical Oral Investigations

Research paper thumbnail of Total inferior border ostectomy versus T-shape genioplasty for chin narrowing combined with mandibular contouring

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Research paper thumbnail of Three-dimensional radiographic assessment of the mandibular interforaminal donor site in different vertical facial growth types

Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2022

PURPOSE To assess volumetrically, the impact of vertical facial growth types (VFGT) on the mandib... more PURPOSE To assess volumetrically, the impact of vertical facial growth types (VFGT) on the mandibular interforaminal region as a potential bone donor site. MATERIAL AND METHODS 60 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of adult individuals were classified in three groups according to their SN-GoGn angle: hypodivergent group (hG) (N=20), normodivergent group (NG) (N=19) and hyperdivergent group (HG) (N=21). Total harvestable bone volume (TBV), cortico-cancellous bone volume (CBV-cBV), and cortical bone surface (CBS) were evaluated. ANOVA test followed by Tukey post-hoc tests were used to compare the mean continuous outcomes according to their VFGT. RESULTS The whole sample showed a mean TBV of 1376.32±541.01mm3, CBV of 468.52±121.54mm3 and cBV of 908.73±474.71mm3. The mean CBS amounted to 782.58±146.80mm2. The comparison between the groups stated a significantly different mean TBV and cBV (-p-value<0.001).The mean CBS was significantly different (-p- value=0.015): the smallest for the NG, but not significantly different (-p-value<0.001): the highest for the HG, intermediate for the NG and the smallest for the hG. CONCLUSION Hypodivergent individuals have the thickest cancellous bone suitable for an onlay bone graft, while hyperdivergent individuals have the thinnest bone ideal for a 3D grafting approach.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of biomechanical behavior between a cast material torso jacket and a polyethylene based jacket

Scoliosis, 2015

Numerous designs are used to the treatment of Early Onset Scoliosis. For example, a Thoraco-Lumbo... more Numerous designs are used to the treatment of Early Onset Scoliosis. For example, a Thoraco-Lumbo-Sacral Orthosis (TLSO) is constructed using Polyethylene (PE). In addition, a series of castings has been implemented using cast material (3M, BSN Medical). The cast material has some significant advantages over the PE design including: growth preserving, improved compliance, decreased invasiveness, delaying or avoiding surgery, and the ability to allow the skin to breathe. However, the mechanical effectiveness of the cast material brace as compared to the TLSO is unknown, thus providing the objective of this study. A total of 23 standardized tensile tests were performed on the Delta-Cast Soft(®) and 3M(TM) Scotchcast(TM) Plus Casting Tape in order to obtain mechanical properties (Young's and shear moduli and Poisson ratios). Using a radiograph of a thoracic spine, the size of twelve vertebrae and eleven intervertebral discs were measured and used to create a finite element spine mo...

Research paper thumbnail of Stability of different fixation methods after reduction malarplasty under average and maximum masticatory forces: a finite element analysis

Biomedical Engineering Online, Apr 21, 2023

Background: Although titanium plates/screws are effective fixation methods (FM) after L-shaped os... more Background: Although titanium plates/screws are effective fixation methods (FM) after L-shaped osteotomy reduction malarplasty (LORM), the ideal FM remains controversial. This first finite element analysis (FEA) aimed to study the effect of various zygomatic body/zygomatic arch FM combinations and their placement vectors on the zygoma complex stability after virtual LORM under the effect of both average (150 N/mm 2) and maximum (750 N/mm 2) forces and three-dimensional (3D) mapping of stress and strain parameters distribution over the zygomatic bone, fixation methods, and total model. Results: The fixation methods about the short-arm of the L-shaped osteotomy showed lower stress, strain, and displacement values than those across the long-arm osteotomy site. Combined with any zygomatic arch fixation methods (ZAFm), the two bicortical screws group (2LS) on the zygomatic body osteotomy site resulted in smaller displacements and the lowest zygoma bone stress and displacement when combined with Mortice-Tenon structure (MT) as zygomatic arch fixation method. Applied forces caused statistically significant differences in zygomatic bone stress (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001) and displacement (P = 0.001 and P = 0.002). Conclusion: All FMs both on the zygomatic body and zygomatic arch provide adequate zygomatic complex stability after LORM. The 2LS group showed better resistance than rectangular plate (RP) and square plate (SP) with lower stress concentrations. The L-shaped plate with short-wing on the maxilla (LPwM) is more stable than having the short-wing on the zygoma bone (LPwZ). Future prospective clinical studies are required to validate the current findings.

Research paper thumbnail of Development of postoperative velopharyngeal function in patients with cleft palate

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

Research paper thumbnail of Three-dimensional analysis of zygomatic change after L-shaped reduction malarplasty with bone setback or resection

Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery

Research paper thumbnail of Stability of different fixation methods after reduction malarplasty under average and maximum masticatory forces: a finite element analysis

Biomedical Engineering Online, Apr 21, 2023

Background: Although titanium plates/screws are effective fixation methods (FM) after L-shaped os... more Background: Although titanium plates/screws are effective fixation methods (FM) after L-shaped osteotomy reduction malarplasty (LORM), the ideal FM remains controversial. This first finite element analysis (FEA) aimed to study the effect of various zygomatic body/zygomatic arch FM combinations and their placement vectors on the zygoma complex stability after virtual LORM under the effect of both average (150 N/mm 2) and maximum (750 N/mm 2) forces and three-dimensional (3D) mapping of stress and strain parameters distribution over the zygomatic bone, fixation methods, and total model. Results: The fixation methods about the short-arm of the L-shaped osteotomy showed lower stress, strain, and displacement values than those across the long-arm osteotomy site. Combined with any zygomatic arch fixation methods (ZAFm), the two bicortical screws group (2LS) on the zygomatic body osteotomy site resulted in smaller displacements and the lowest zygoma bone stress and displacement when combined with Mortice-Tenon structure (MT) as zygomatic arch fixation method. Applied forces caused statistically significant differences in zygomatic bone stress (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001) and displacement (P = 0.001 and P = 0.002). Conclusion: All FMs both on the zygomatic body and zygomatic arch provide adequate zygomatic complex stability after LORM. The 2LS group showed better resistance than rectangular plate (RP) and square plate (SP) with lower stress concentrations. The L-shaped plate with short-wing on the maxilla (LPwM) is more stable than having the short-wing on the zygoma bone (LPwZ). Future prospective clinical studies are required to validate the current findings.

Research paper thumbnail of Cupid’s Bow Leveling and Preservation of Lip Height and Width: A Modified rotation-advancement Technique

Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery

Research paper thumbnail of Titanium Mesh Scaffolding Iliac Crest Bone Grafts to Reconstruct Unilateral Large-Sized Mandibular Contour Defects: A New Approach of an Old Concept

Objectives The reconstruction of unilateral large-sized mandibular contour defects with no loss o... more Objectives The reconstruction of unilateral large-sized mandibular contour defects with no loss of continuity and good occlusion has been a challenge. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effect of using patient-specific titanium mesh scaffolding avascular pure iliac bone graft in reconstructing these defects.Materials and Methods From December 2017 to December 2020, thirteen patients with unilateral large-sized mandibular contour defects treated in Orthognathic and TMJ Surgery Center of West China Stomatology Hospital were enrolled in this retrospective study. Patient-specific titanium meshes and mandible models were designed and manufactured by computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing based on reverse engineering after mirroring the unaffected mandibular side. Linear and angular measurements comparing preoperative and postoperative mandibular CT scans were used to analyze the symmetries of mandibular contour postoperatively.Results The measurements showed...

Research paper thumbnail of Correlation of the Chinese velopharyngeal insufficiency ‐related quality of life instrument and speech in subjects with cleft palate

Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology

Assessment of the hypothesized correlation between the Chinese Velopharyngeal Insufficiency (VPI)... more Assessment of the hypothesized correlation between the Chinese Velopharyngeal Insufficiency (VPI) Effects on Life Outcomes (VELO) instrument and measured speech parameters.

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of Different Hybrid Rigid Internal Fixation Techniques on the Postoperative Stability Following a Mandibular Advancement Using a Bilateral Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy: A Retrospective Three-Dimensional Comparative Study

Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Research paper thumbnail of Three-dimensional condylar displacement and remodelling following correction of asymmetric mandibular prognathism with maxillary canting

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jun 1, 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the three-dimensional condylar displacement and long-ter... more The aim of this study was to investigate the three-dimensional condylar displacement and long-term remodelling following the correction of asymmetric mandibular prognathism with maxillary canting. Thirty consecutive patients (60 condyles) with asymmetric mandibular prognathism >4 mm and occlusal canting >3 mm, treated by Le Fort I osteotomy and bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy, were included. Spiral computed tomography scans obtained at different periods during long-term follow-up (mean 17 ± 7.2 months) were gathered and processed using ITK-SNAP and 3D Slicer. The condyles were subjected to translational and rotational displacements immediately after the surgery (T2), which had not fully returned to the original preoperative positions at the last follow-up (T3). Condylar remodelling was observed at the last follow-up (T3), with the shorter side condyles subjected to higher surface resorption and overall condylar volume loss. The overall condylar volume on the shorter side was significantly reduced compared to the volume on the elongated side (-11.9 ± 90.6 vs -131.7 ± 138.2 mm3; P = 0.001). About 73%, 87%, 53%, and 54% of the shorter side condyles experienced resorption on the posterior, superior, medial, and lateral surfaces, respectively; in contrast, only 50% of the elongated side condyles showed resorption on the superior surface. Higher preoperative asymmetry was significantly correlated with increased postoperative condylar displacement (P < 0.05). The vertical asymmetry and the vector of condylar displacement were associated with the resultant remodelling process. It is concluded that condylar resorption of the shorter side condyle, which may affect the long-term surgical stability, has to be considered.

Research paper thumbnail of Morphological Changes of the Mandibular Angle After Orthognathic Surgery with Class III Deformity in East Asia

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery

Research paper thumbnail of Condylar positional changes and remodeling following bimaxillary anterior segment osteotomy with and without Le Fort I osteotomy: a three-dimensional comparative analysis

Clinical Oral Investigations

Research paper thumbnail of Total inferior border ostectomy versus T-shape genioplasty for chin narrowing combined with mandibular contouring

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Research paper thumbnail of Three-dimensional radiographic assessment of the mandibular interforaminal donor site in different vertical facial growth types

Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2022

PURPOSE To assess volumetrically, the impact of vertical facial growth types (VFGT) on the mandib... more PURPOSE To assess volumetrically, the impact of vertical facial growth types (VFGT) on the mandibular interforaminal region as a potential bone donor site. MATERIAL AND METHODS 60 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of adult individuals were classified in three groups according to their SN-GoGn angle: hypodivergent group (hG) (N=20), normodivergent group (NG) (N=19) and hyperdivergent group (HG) (N=21). Total harvestable bone volume (TBV), cortico-cancellous bone volume (CBV-cBV), and cortical bone surface (CBS) were evaluated. ANOVA test followed by Tukey post-hoc tests were used to compare the mean continuous outcomes according to their VFGT. RESULTS The whole sample showed a mean TBV of 1376.32±541.01mm3, CBV of 468.52±121.54mm3 and cBV of 908.73±474.71mm3. The mean CBS amounted to 782.58±146.80mm2. The comparison between the groups stated a significantly different mean TBV and cBV (-p-value<0.001).The mean CBS was significantly different (-p- value=0.015): the smallest for the NG, but not significantly different (-p-value<0.001): the highest for the HG, intermediate for the NG and the smallest for the hG. CONCLUSION Hypodivergent individuals have the thickest cancellous bone suitable for an onlay bone graft, while hyperdivergent individuals have the thinnest bone ideal for a 3D grafting approach.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of biomechanical behavior between a cast material torso jacket and a polyethylene based jacket

Scoliosis, 2015

Numerous designs are used to the treatment of Early Onset Scoliosis. For example, a Thoraco-Lumbo... more Numerous designs are used to the treatment of Early Onset Scoliosis. For example, a Thoraco-Lumbo-Sacral Orthosis (TLSO) is constructed using Polyethylene (PE). In addition, a series of castings has been implemented using cast material (3M, BSN Medical). The cast material has some significant advantages over the PE design including: growth preserving, improved compliance, decreased invasiveness, delaying or avoiding surgery, and the ability to allow the skin to breathe. However, the mechanical effectiveness of the cast material brace as compared to the TLSO is unknown, thus providing the objective of this study. A total of 23 standardized tensile tests were performed on the Delta-Cast Soft(®) and 3M(TM) Scotchcast(TM) Plus Casting Tape in order to obtain mechanical properties (Young's and shear moduli and Poisson ratios). Using a radiograph of a thoracic spine, the size of twelve vertebrae and eleven intervertebral discs were measured and used to create a finite element spine mo...

Research paper thumbnail of Stability of different fixation methods after reduction malarplasty under average and maximum masticatory forces: a finite element analysis

Biomedical Engineering Online, Apr 21, 2023

Background: Although titanium plates/screws are effective fixation methods (FM) after L-shaped os... more Background: Although titanium plates/screws are effective fixation methods (FM) after L-shaped osteotomy reduction malarplasty (LORM), the ideal FM remains controversial. This first finite element analysis (FEA) aimed to study the effect of various zygomatic body/zygomatic arch FM combinations and their placement vectors on the zygoma complex stability after virtual LORM under the effect of both average (150 N/mm 2) and maximum (750 N/mm 2) forces and three-dimensional (3D) mapping of stress and strain parameters distribution over the zygomatic bone, fixation methods, and total model. Results: The fixation methods about the short-arm of the L-shaped osteotomy showed lower stress, strain, and displacement values than those across the long-arm osteotomy site. Combined with any zygomatic arch fixation methods (ZAFm), the two bicortical screws group (2LS) on the zygomatic body osteotomy site resulted in smaller displacements and the lowest zygoma bone stress and displacement when combined with Mortice-Tenon structure (MT) as zygomatic arch fixation method. Applied forces caused statistically significant differences in zygomatic bone stress (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001) and displacement (P = 0.001 and P = 0.002). Conclusion: All FMs both on the zygomatic body and zygomatic arch provide adequate zygomatic complex stability after LORM. The 2LS group showed better resistance than rectangular plate (RP) and square plate (SP) with lower stress concentrations. The L-shaped plate with short-wing on the maxilla (LPwM) is more stable than having the short-wing on the zygoma bone (LPwZ). Future prospective clinical studies are required to validate the current findings.

Research paper thumbnail of Development of postoperative velopharyngeal function in patients with cleft palate

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

Research paper thumbnail of Three-dimensional analysis of zygomatic change after L-shaped reduction malarplasty with bone setback or resection

Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery

Research paper thumbnail of Stability of different fixation methods after reduction malarplasty under average and maximum masticatory forces: a finite element analysis

Biomedical Engineering Online, Apr 21, 2023

Background: Although titanium plates/screws are effective fixation methods (FM) after L-shaped os... more Background: Although titanium plates/screws are effective fixation methods (FM) after L-shaped osteotomy reduction malarplasty (LORM), the ideal FM remains controversial. This first finite element analysis (FEA) aimed to study the effect of various zygomatic body/zygomatic arch FM combinations and their placement vectors on the zygoma complex stability after virtual LORM under the effect of both average (150 N/mm 2) and maximum (750 N/mm 2) forces and three-dimensional (3D) mapping of stress and strain parameters distribution over the zygomatic bone, fixation methods, and total model. Results: The fixation methods about the short-arm of the L-shaped osteotomy showed lower stress, strain, and displacement values than those across the long-arm osteotomy site. Combined with any zygomatic arch fixation methods (ZAFm), the two bicortical screws group (2LS) on the zygomatic body osteotomy site resulted in smaller displacements and the lowest zygoma bone stress and displacement when combined with Mortice-Tenon structure (MT) as zygomatic arch fixation method. Applied forces caused statistically significant differences in zygomatic bone stress (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001) and displacement (P = 0.001 and P = 0.002). Conclusion: All FMs both on the zygomatic body and zygomatic arch provide adequate zygomatic complex stability after LORM. The 2LS group showed better resistance than rectangular plate (RP) and square plate (SP) with lower stress concentrations. The L-shaped plate with short-wing on the maxilla (LPwM) is more stable than having the short-wing on the zygoma bone (LPwZ). Future prospective clinical studies are required to validate the current findings.

Research paper thumbnail of Cupid’s Bow Leveling and Preservation of Lip Height and Width: A Modified rotation-advancement Technique

Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery

Research paper thumbnail of Titanium Mesh Scaffolding Iliac Crest Bone Grafts to Reconstruct Unilateral Large-Sized Mandibular Contour Defects: A New Approach of an Old Concept

Objectives The reconstruction of unilateral large-sized mandibular contour defects with no loss o... more Objectives The reconstruction of unilateral large-sized mandibular contour defects with no loss of continuity and good occlusion has been a challenge. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effect of using patient-specific titanium mesh scaffolding avascular pure iliac bone graft in reconstructing these defects.Materials and Methods From December 2017 to December 2020, thirteen patients with unilateral large-sized mandibular contour defects treated in Orthognathic and TMJ Surgery Center of West China Stomatology Hospital were enrolled in this retrospective study. Patient-specific titanium meshes and mandible models were designed and manufactured by computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing based on reverse engineering after mirroring the unaffected mandibular side. Linear and angular measurements comparing preoperative and postoperative mandibular CT scans were used to analyze the symmetries of mandibular contour postoperatively.Results The measurements showed...

Research paper thumbnail of Correlation of the Chinese velopharyngeal insufficiency ‐related quality of life instrument and speech in subjects with cleft palate

Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology

Assessment of the hypothesized correlation between the Chinese Velopharyngeal Insufficiency (VPI)... more Assessment of the hypothesized correlation between the Chinese Velopharyngeal Insufficiency (VPI) Effects on Life Outcomes (VELO) instrument and measured speech parameters.