Selenium Client Driver — Selenium 4.31.0 documentation (original) (raw)

Introduction

Python language bindings for Selenium WebDriver.

The selenium package is used to automate web browser interaction from Python.

Several browsers/drivers are supported (Firefox, Chrome, Edge, Safari), as well as the Remote protocol.

Supported Python Versions

Installing

If you have pip on your system, you can simply install or upgrade the Python bindings:

You may want to consider using a virtual environmentto create isolated Python environments.

Drivers

Selenium requires a driver to interface with the chosen browser (chromedriver, edgedriver, geckodriver, etc).

In older versions of Selenium, it was necessary to install and manage these drivers yourself. You had to make sure the driver executable was available on your system PATH, or specified explicitly in code. Modern versions of Selenium handle browser and driver installation for you with Selenium Manager. You generally don’t have to worry about driver installation or configuration now that it’s done for you when you instantiate a WebDriver. Selenium Manager works with most supported platforms and browsers. If it doesn’t meet your needs, you can still install and specify browsers and drivers yourself.

Links to some of the more popular browser drivers:

Example 0:

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome() driver.get('https://selenium.dev/') driver.quit()

Example 1:

from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get('https://selenium.dev/documentation') assert 'Selenium' in driver.title

elem = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'm-documentationwebdriver') elem.click() assert 'WebDriver' in driver.title

driver.quit()

Example 2:

Selenium WebDriver is often used as a basis for testing web applications. Here is a simple example using Python’s standard unittest library:

import unittest from selenium import webdriver

class GoogleTestCase(unittest.TestCase):

def setUp(self):
    self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()
    self.addCleanup(self.driver.quit)

def test_page_title(self):
    self.driver.get('https://www.google.com')
    self.assertIn('Google', self.driver.title)

if name == 'main': unittest.main(verbosity=2)

Selenium Grid (optional)

For local Selenium scripts, the Java server is not needed.

To use Selenium remotely, you need to also run the Selenium grid. For information on running Selenium Grid: https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/grid/getting_started/

To use Remote WebDriver see: https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/webdriver/drivers/remote_webdriver/?tab=python

Use The Source Luke¶

View source code online:

Contributing