Monir Nobahar | Medical Science Semnan University (original) (raw)

Papers by Monir Nobahar

Journal of Education and Health Promotion

BACKGROUND: As intensive care unit (ICU) nurses mainly care for critically ill patients, they fac... more BACKGROUND: As intensive care unit (ICU) nurses mainly care for critically ill patients, they face many professional challenges, including communicating with patients and working with various devices. Therefore, they need to adapt to the existing conditions, thereby providing high-quality care. Explaining factors inhibiting adaptation to nursing care among ICU nurses. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a qualitative study conducted using a conventional content analysis approach in a health center affiliated to Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Iran. This hospital was equipped with an air ambulance and four ICUs and was also considered as the regional trauma center in the Northeast of Iran. Data were collected using semi-structured face-to-face interviews (from January 2020 to April 2021) and then analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman's (2004) qualitative content analysis method. RESULTS: It was shown that factors inhibiting adaptation to nursing care among ICU nurses consist of three main categories including "personal barriers to adaptation", "dominant management", and "educational concerns". CONCLUSION: To adapt more and as a result to improve the mental health of nurses, it is important to know the barriers to adaptation. Efficient management, paying attention to nurses' issues, and practical training constitute key elements affecting the adaptation to critical nursing care. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to ensure adaptation in this group of health workers. Thus, an environmental approach of health promotion has social experience and organizational development.

BMC oral health, May 29, 2024

Objectives Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) increases the length of hospitalization and mort... more Objectives Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) increases the length of hospitalization and mortality rate. This study aimed to determine the effect of propolis mouthwash on the incidence of VAP in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Materials and methods Triple-blind, comparative randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted over one year, with 110 ICU patients at Imam-Hossein and Bahar hospitals (Shahroud) and Kowsar Hospital (Semnan) in Iran. The intervention group used 15 cc of 0.06% propolis mouthwash solution twice daily at 8 AM and 4 PM for seven days. The control group used 15 cc of 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash at the same times and duration. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, APACHE II, Beck Oral Assessment Scale, and Modified Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (MCPIS). Results There was no significant difference in demographic information, disease severity, and oral health between the two groups before and after intervention (P > 0.05). The incidence of VAP in the intervention group compared to the control group was 10.9% vs. 30.9% on the third day (P = 0.0166, 95% CI: 0.53-0.83 and RR = 0.35), 23.6% vs. 43.6% on the fifth day (P = 0.0325 and 95% CI: 0.31-0.95 and RR = 0.54), and 25.5% vs. 47.3% on the seventh day (P = 0.0224, 95% CI: 0.32-0.92, and RR = 0.54). The Mann-Whitney indicated the incidence of VAP was significantly lower in the intervention group on the third, fifth, and seventh days. Conclusion Propolis mouthwash can be considered as an alternative to chlorhexidine mouthwash for ICU patients. Clinical relevance Propolis mouthwash serves as a simple, economical intervention to potentially reduce incidence of VAP. Trial registration (IRCT20110427006318N12, date 02.04.2019).

Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences, Jun 10, 2014

Introduction: Nurses are an ideal source to report on the quality of care and the uses of their p... more Introduction: Nurses are an ideal source to report on the quality of care and the uses of their perspective is a valid index in assessment of the quality of nursing care. The aim of this study was to explore the quality of nursing care from the perspective of nurses in critical cardiac units. Method: This was a qualitative study in which purposive sampling was used with maximum variation and 23 participants were interviewed with open-ended questions in Semnan during 2012-2013. The main method of data collection was semi-structured interviews. The interviews were digitally recorded, immediately transcribed word by word, and analyzed using content analysis method. Results: By data analysis of extracted contexts, the main theme abstracted was "the need for effective nursing management". Subthemes include "adequate and efficient human resources", "human relationships", "organized nursing performance", and "appropriate environment and suitable tools, equipment, and facilities". Conclusion: The results of this study explored employed nurses' experiences on quality of nursing care in critical cardiac care units. Having effective nursing management for providing resources and human relationships are essential to maintaining and improving the quality of nursing care in critical cardiac units.

Health Research Journal, 2017

Introduction: Special condition of retirement period under the influence of individual and social... more Introduction: Special condition of retirement period under the influence of individual and social characteristics makes it as a stressful life event. So this study was performed to evaluate the relationships between the quality of life with demographic factors in retired nurses. Materials and Methods: This descriptiveanalytical study was performed on 150 retired nurses in 2015. Data were obtained via collecting demographic information and "quality of life, SF-36" standard questionnaire and then were analyzed using SPSS version 22 thru using parametric statistical tests, Anova and T-test. Results: Findings were showed that the medium mean score of quality of life in body health scale (56.7 ± 9.1), medium in mental health scale (59.3 ± 9.2) and was also medium in total quality of life (58 ± 7.7). Moreover, statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between some aspects of quality of life and some demographic characteristics like sex, physical education and history of chronic diseases (P<0.05). Conclusions: Regarding to the results of this study and based on the medium mean score in quality of life among retired subjects and direct link between reducing of quality of life with gender and history of chronic diseases and considering the nursing as a stressful job but effective layer in the area of health, special attention for improving retried nurses quality of life is needed.

Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal, Oct 1, 2021

Background and Objectives: The image of nursing has a considerable impact on identity and profess... more Background and Objectives: The image of nursing has a considerable impact on identity and professional self-esteem in nurses. In this regard, the media can be an effective important factor in drawing a positive or negative image of the nursing profession. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the effect of media on nursing image in societies. Methods In this systematic review, national and international electronic databases including SID, Magiran, IranMedex, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed were systematically searched in October 2020 to retrieve articles published up to 2020, using the keywords nursing profession, nursing image, nursing public image and Social/Mass media. According to the aim of study and inclusion criteria, 15 articles among all obtained articles were assessed to appraise their quality. Finally, the content of final selected articles was reported as extraction tables. Results The search yielded 958 articles, but consideration of inclusion criteria led to final selection of 7 articles. The most important effects of media on the image of nursing included the effect of media on the academic and clinical image of the profession, nursing professional roles, as well as gender and media bias towards the nursing profession. Conclusion More attention to media productions should be considered in order to improve the image of nursing. Additionally, with greater presence, nurses can find in media programs to introduce the reality of their profession the greater help this will be for the voices of nurses to be heard.

Oman Medical Journal, Mar 15, 2021

leep is one of the most vital physical, mental, and emotional needs of human beings, and many hem... more leep is one of the most vital physical, mental, and emotional needs of human beings, and many hemodialysis (HD) patients suffer from poor sleep quality. 1 Sleep disorders may be an important risk factor for the incidence of mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety. 2 Depression and sleep disorders are more prevalent in HD patients. 3 The etiology of sleep and mental health disorders in patients on dialysis to be multi-factorial, including dialysis, metabolic abnormalities, muscle cramps, medications, fatigue, peripheral neuropathy, emotional problems, malnutrition, 3,4 and body mass index (BMI). 5 They, therefore, have a poor quality of life and two-times increased risk of mortality. 6 In addition to sleep disorders, anxiety and depression are associated with a low quality of life in HD patients. 7 The prevalence of sleep disorders, anxiety, and depression has been reported as 66.7%, 8 67.5%, 9 and 62% 10 in HD patients in Iran. These complications can threaten patients' health and quality of life but sometimes could be neglected in clinical practice. 3 Sedatives and hypnotic drugs are frequently used to treat sleep disorders. These drugs' most common side effects include impairment of the natural sleep cycle, reduced nervous system function, remaining sedative effect throughout the day, insomnia, respiratory problems, and immunity risks. The original article

International Emergency Nursing, Mar 1, 2022

BACKGROUND AND AIM Teamwork is assumed crucial in nursing. Nevertheless, nursing shortages in med... more BACKGROUND AND AIM Teamwork is assumed crucial in nursing. Nevertheless, nursing shortages in medical centers have thus far compelled nurse managers to use novice nurses. The present study aimd to explaining the challenges and experiences of novice nurses regarding teamwork in emergency departments. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using qualitative content analysis, 11 novice nurses working at emergency department, participated in this study. Data were collected with semi structured interview and analyzed by Graneheim and Lundman. RESULTS The data analysis led to the emergence of four themes of "essential teamwork skills development", "contradictory relationships between team members", "unpleasant feelings and experiences", and, "personal growth and maturation during teamwork". CONCLUSION Fostering different personal aspects as prerequisites for teamwork, novice nurses will be able to deal with unpleasant feelings and experiences as well as contradictory relationships between team members in an effective manner. This challenging experience will thus give rise to personal growth and maturation during teamwork among them in emergency department.

BMC Women's Health, Jun 20, 2023

Background Violence against women is one of the most widespread, persistent and detrimental viola... more Background Violence against women is one of the most widespread, persistent and detrimental violations of human rights in today's world, which has not been reported in most cases due to impunity, silence, stigma and shame, even in the age of social communication. Domestic violence against women harms individuals, families, and society. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and experiences of domestic violence against women in Semnan. Methods This study was conducted as mixed research (cross-sectional descriptive and phenomenological qualitative methods) to investigate domestic violence against women, and some related factors (quantitative) and experiences of such violence (qualitative) simultaneously in Semnan. In quantitative study, cluster sampling was conducted based on the areas covered by health centers from married women living in Semnan since March 2021 to March 2022 using Domestic Violence Questionnaire. Then, the obtained data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. In qualitative study by phenomenological approach and purposive sampling until data saturation, 9 women were selected who had referred to the counseling units of Semnan health centers due to domestic violence, since March 2021 to March 2022 and in-depth and semi-structured interviews were conducted. The conducted interviews were analyzed using Colaizzi's 7-step method. Results In qualitative study, seven themes were found including "Facilitators", "Role failure", "Repressors", "Efforts to preserve the family", "Inappropriate solving of family conflicts", "Consequences", and "Inefficient supportive systems". In quantitative study, the variables of age, age difference and number of years of marriage had a positive and significant relationship, and the variable of the number of children had a negative and significant relationship with the total score and all fields of the questionnaire (p < 0.05). Also, increasing the level of female education and income both independently showed a significant relationship with increasing the score of violence. Conclusions Some of the variables of violence against women are known and the need for prevention and plans to take action before their occurrence is well felt. Also, supportive mechanisms with objective and taboo-breaking results should be implemented to minimize harm to women, and their children and families seriously.

Introduction: Cognitive disorders in the elderly are more associated with symptoms of depression.... more Introduction: Cognitive disorders in the elderly are more associated with symptoms of depression. Existing data about cognitive disorders in the elderly is very rare. In this account, the purpose of this study was to determine the cognitive disorders and some related Social factors in the elderly people in Semnan (Iran). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 260 elderly people aged 60 to 80 years old with at least primary education were included in the cluster sampling method resident in Semnan (Iran), in 2015. The households were systematically selected, based on the distribution of health centers in the city, and also according to the population of each center, the elderly of that area were determined and then to one fifth of households in each center. Data collection tools were demographic information questionnaire and cognitive health scale (Mini Mental State Examination, MMSE). The process of completing the questionnaires was that the elderly responded to the questions independently and was provided adequate and supplementary explanations, if there was any ambiguity about the completion of the questionnaire. Results: 56.5% were female and the rest were male. 18.1% had mild cognitive disorders (21-24 points), 35% had moderate cognitive disorders (10-20%), and 1.2% had severe cognitive disorders (score less than 9%). 34.5% of men and 69.4% of women had cognitive impairment. Cognitive health had a negative significant correlation with age (P=0.001, r= -0.203), with a significant correlation with literacy (r = 0.754, p = 0.001). There was a significant relationship between cognitive health and sex (P<0.001), cognitive disorders was lower in elderly with their lived spouses (P<0.001). Also had no significant relationship between cognitive health with underlying disease (P=0.118). Conclusion: Findings showed that more than half of the elderly had cognitive disorders. Conclusively, screening of cognitive disorders especially in women with a low level of education and also the elderly whose spouses' died, can be detected early and prevent the progression of the disorders Keywords: Elderly, Cognitive Disorders, Cognitive Health Scale

Journal of Nursing Education, Oct 10, 2021

Journal of Nursing Education, Oct 10, 2019

Introduction: The main mission of Nursing Colleges and Centers is to improve the learning and lea... more Introduction: The main mission of Nursing Colleges and Centers is to improve the learning and learning of learners during training. Regarding the performance of other countries, this study also aimed to compare the postgraduate program of Master of community Health Nursing in Iran with Chiang Mai University in Thailand.This study aimed to compare the Master's degree program of community health nursing in Iran with Chiang Mai University in Thailand. Methods: A descriptive-comparative study conducted in Semnan University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Required data for the latest Master of Community Health Nursing Postgraduate Education program were obtained by searching the Internet and reviewing Iran and Chiang Mai curriculum details. The data were analyzed using Bereday pattern in four stages of description, interpretation, neighborliness and comparison. Results: Attention to new teaching methods and learning based on problem solving, mission and job position, professional attention to the field was common in Iran and Chiang Mai. Conditions of admission, goals, philosophy, vision and mission, content of courses, role of graduates, having a specialized nurse, varied in Iran and Chiang Mai University. International credentials, a seminar on nursing, pharmacology and pathophysiology, and a free study based on a community-based interest in health are strengths at Chiang Mai University. Epidemiology, home visits, and observation of clients in the real environment are some of the strengths of the curriculum in Iran.

Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, Sep 1, 2019

Background: In general, the majority of diabetic patients suffering from a lack of capability in ... more Background: In general, the majority of diabetic patients suffering from a lack of capability in controlling different aspects of self-care have likely been prone to cardiovascular disease. To reduce the economic burden in societies and the rate of death on one hand, and improve life expectancy, on the other hand, it seems necessary to emphasize self-care training in diabetic patients. The purpose of this study was to determine comparison of self-care in cardiac and non-cardiac diabetic patients. Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was carried out with 136 diabetic participants selected using random sampling and divided into two groups of 68 non-cardiac diabetic patients. Data were collected using a demographic and diabetic patient's self-management questionnaire (DSMQ). For the analysis of the data, SPSS16 was employed to check the significance test at the level of P<0.05. Results: In this study, twenty-eight (41.2%) and forty (58.8%) of the participants in each group were male and female, respectively. Their ages spanned from (61.35±13.34) in noncardiac diabetic group to (65.94±8.74) in cardiac diabetic participants. There were significant differences between two groups, specifically in patients with cardiac diabetic disease in different aspects, for instance, including glucose monitoring (F=4.977, P=0.027, η 2 =0.036), diet control (F=9.125, P=0.003, η 2 =0.064), physical activity (F=22.954, P=0.0001, η 2 =0.146) and health care awareness (F=31.366, P=0.0001, η 2 =0.19). Conclusion: According to DSMQ questionnaire in the present study, glucose monitoring, diet control, physical activity, and health care awareness in diabetic patients with heart disease were significantly reported to have been better than the other group with no cardiac problem. Due to insufficient self-care in diabetic patients and some consequences such as poor health, heart disease as one of the complications of diabetes, hospital re-admission and heavy costs, the therapeutic team should be alerted to self-care training.

Koomesh, Apr 10, 2018

Introduction: Online social networks allow users, who are anywhere in the world, to communicate w... more Introduction: Online social networks allow users, who are anywhere in the world, to communicate with other people with text, audio, and video. Studies have shown that older adults use of social networks and online communication can increase social support, improve quality of life and increase their health. The purpose of this study was to understand the older adult's experiences of online Social Interactions. Materials and Methods: This study was performed following a qualitative approach and phenomenological methodology in Semnan (Iran) in 2016. The studied sample was taken by purposive sampling method. Required data was collected via deep and semi-structured interviews with 9 older adults who were active members of at least one online social network. The obtained data was analyzed using the seven-step Colaizzi's method. Results: From data analysis, the main theme of "developed social interactions" was extracted from five sub-themes: "interaction with family and friends", "revival of old relationships", "familiar with people with common interests", "impalpable control" and "liberation from loneliness". Conclusion: The results explained the various dimensions of the use of the older adults from online social networks and showed that these networks have the potential to be used to enhance social interactions in aging. The results of this study can help planners by identifying the benefits of these networks, while taking necessary interventions to increase the use of the elderly from these networks, promote social interactions and, consequently, promote the health of the elderly. Keywords: Older Adults, Online Social Interaction, Online Social Networks, Phenomenology

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Apr 1, 2017

Introduction: There is some evidence indicating that nutritional status of elderly has a signific... more Introduction: There is some evidence indicating that nutritional status of elderly has a significant impact on their physical health, but its relationship with their mood, especially depression, requires careful and systemic consideration. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between nutritional status and depression in elderly people. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 260 elderly individuals from the city of Semnan (Iran) were enrolled in 2015, with considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data collection tool was questionnaire scales that briefly assess the demographic and nutritional status with mini nutritional assessment (MNA) and depression with geriatric depression scale (GDS). Results: Results indicated that 5.8% (n=15) had malnutrition, 53.1% (n=138) were at the risk of malnutrition and the other 41.2% (n=107) were normal. Also 21.9% (n=57) were at severe depression (20-30), 34.2% (n=89) had mild depression (10-19) and the other seniors 43.8% (n=114) were not depressed. Remarkably, there was a significant negative correlation (R=-0.594, P <0.001) between the healthy nutritional status and the depression. Conclusion: The finding showed that more than half of the elderly people in Semnan were at risk of malnutrition. The association of nutritional status with depression was significant in the elderly. The identification and basic planning are needed to revise and improve the nutritional status of this important group with vulnerable mental status.

International Journal of Medical Research and Health Sciences, Nov 1, 2016

Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive and debilitating disease. This study aimed to de... more Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive and debilitating disease. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the dimensions of Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) and General Health (GH) and Satisfaction with Life (SWL) in patients with Parkinson disease. This was a descriptive, analytic and cross-sectional study. The samples were selected from the patients with PD in 2016. The data was gathered by demographic, RAM, GH and SWL Scale questionnaires. The data was analyzed with SPSS software. In patients with PD, total adaptation score was 21.26±3.24. About the dimensions of adaptation, the scores of the physiologic mode, self-concept, role function and interdependence were 74.7±9.33, 32.37±6.04, 24.30±5.00 and 20.93±2.46, respectively. There was significant relationship between education and physiologic mode (P=0.048) and also there were significant relationships between PD experience, employment and gender and total adaptation score (P=0.002, P=0.007, P=0.006, respectively). Mean and standard deviation of total general health score was 30.97±5.03 and the means and standard deviations of its dimensions, including somatic symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction and depression were 10.26±2.71, 9.73±2.77, 5.13±2.23 and 5.83±1.91, respectively. There were significant relationships between social dysfunction and physiologic mode and self-concept (P=0.024 and P=0.012, respectively). The mean and standard deviation of satisfaction with life score was 21.47±3.57. Satisfaction with life had no relationship with the dimensions of RAM and general health. RAM, GH and SWL make the development of high quality care planning possible by assessing the health status of patients with PD. This leads to engagement of the patients in self-care, better adaptation, improved quality of life and also helps the nurses to make medical decisions.

Koomesh, Sep 10, 2016

Introduction: Many hemodialysis patients suffer from poor sleep quality. The aim of this study wa... more Introduction: Many hemodialysis patients suffer from poor sleep quality. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between therapeutic' hemodialysis shifts with sleep quality in patients' undergoing hemodialysis. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study and participants were selected by available method, including 90 hemodialysis patients in Semnan who were undergoing hemodialysis in fixed morning, evening or night shifts for at least 3 months. Inclusion criteria included age over 18 years and hemodialysis 2-3 times per week for 3 hours or more per session. Sleep quality was assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results: In this study 54.4% of participants were male and the rest were female. Patients (33.3%) had good sleep quality and 66.7% had low sleep quality. Variable analysis showed a significant correlation between quality of sleep and sex (P = 0.01), marital status (P = 0.009), number of children (P=0.012) and dialysis' shift (P = 0.003). The effect of simultaneously variables in the logistic regression showed that the risk of low sleep quality in women versus men was 3.75/1, evening' versus morning shifts was 5.25/1 and night' versus morning shift was 4.13/1. Also, for each additional offspring, the risk of low sleep quality was increased to 1.33/1. Conclusion: Findings in this study showed that sleep quality in patients that are hemodialyzed in morning shift was significantly better that the other shifts. These findings may help for arranging the situation to choose the most appropriate therapeutic shift for hemodialysis patients, especially for those who suffer from poor quality sleep.

Journal of renal injury prevention, Feb 14, 2020

The findings of present study suggested the positive effects of using the Roy adaptation model (R... more The findings of present study suggested the positive effects of using the Roy adaptation model (RAM) on general health in hemodialysis patients. Given the chronic trend of hemodialysis, the RAM is recommended that be consistently utilized for promoting general health in hemodialysis patients.

Journal of Nursing Education, Aug 10, 2018

Introduction: One of the research methods for reviewing and updating educational programs is cond... more Introduction: One of the research methods for reviewing and updating educational programs is conducting comparative studies that it's about analyzing and recognizing the similarities and differences between phenomena, institutions and educational systems. The aim of this study was to couducted a comparative study of nursing master's education program in Iran and John Hopkins School of nursing. Methods: This descriptive-comparative study was carried out in 2018, data were collected by searching the internet with the key words of nursing, nursing education, curriculum, strategic plan, Iran, America (Johns Hopkins), and with a review of the history and details of the nursing master's education program in Iran and the Johns Hopkins Nursing School and compared using Bereday's four-stage model: description, interpretation, juxta position and comparison.. Results: Attention to the needs of society, permanent changes and diversity in nursing tendencies, choosing self-directed learning strategies, pay attention to coverage and professional appearance were common in Iran and Johns Hopkins. But admission requirements, goals, philosophy, mission, vision, course content, the role of graduates, having Nurse Practioner, spaces and abilities and administrative staff were different in Iran and Johns Hopkiner. Conclusions: Using a decentralized method for admitting student, designing an educational program for tutor and researcher training, focus on courses appropriate to the needs of the community and common diseases in the service place, to improve Master of nursing programs are offered in Iran

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Apr 1, 2009

Previous studies have shown that physicians use high doses of carbamazepine (CBZ) and valproate (... more Previous studies have shown that physicians use high doses of carbamazepine (CBZ) and valproate (VPA) to control of epileptic attacks, while these drugs incur of many side effects include of gastrointestinal, hematologic, psychiatric, cardiac and other side effects. The aim of this study was to determine the minimum therapeutic dose with and an acceptable blood level of these drugs. This semi-experimental study was done in 56 epileptic patients in during of one year. At the first demographic data including of age, sex, weight and the period of drug taking was recorded. Then the drug CBZ and VPA were prescribed to adults (more than 12 years old) 9-11 mg/kg and 12-14 mg/kg respectively, and in children (less than 12 years old) 12-14 and 12-15 mg/kg respectively. Serum levels of CBZ and VPA were measured monthly by gas chromatography method that is separation technique, is mostly employed in chemical analysis. The results indicated that serum levels of CBZ and VPA in adult were 7.4 and 74.7 and serum levels of drugs in children were 8.2 and 66.8 respectively. Also patients have not epilepsy attack in during the period of assessment. These findings showed that with a much lower dosage of the drugs, which is suggested in texts can lead to an appropriate blood level of CBZ and VPA for controlling the epileptic seizures.